RESUMO
There is scarce information related to transplacental antibody transfer against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with different homologous and heterologous vaccination schemes. This study aimed to correlate the magnitude of transplacental transfer anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in different homologous and heterologous schemes. An observational cross-sectional study was developed to identify pregnant women vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. They were questioned about their immunization status; blood samples from the mother, umbilical cord during labor, and the newborn 72 h after birth were taken to measure anti-S1 and anti-S2 specific IgG antibodies for SARS-CoV-2. We recruited 104 women with a median age of 29 (SD 1.17). We found antibodies in all newborns with vaccinated mothers. Homologous BNT162b2 mRNA regimen had the highest mean (SD) antibody titers (AU/mL) in maternal (994.93 (3.08), p = 0.039), umbilical cord (1316.43 (2.79), p = 0.016), and newborn (1192.02 (3.55), p = 0.020) blood. The generalized linear model showed a positive effect over antibodies with at least one dose in maternal (ß = -1.1, p = 0.002) and newborn (ß= -0.717, p = 0.044) blood, and with two doses (ß = -0.684, p = 0.026) in umbilical cord blood. In conclusion, antibodies were detected in all vaccinated women and their newborns. Transfer of antibodies was found from the first dose, and the levels increased with the number of vaccine doses. Vaccination should be encouraged in pregnant women with any available scheme.
RESUMO
Resumen ANTECEDENTES: La cirugía mediante vNOTES (Vaginal Natural Orifices Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery, por sus siglas en inglés), practicada por primera vez en el 2010, es una técnica quirúrgica emergente que elimina el traumatismo quirúrgico en la pared abdominal mediante orificios naturales del cuerpo para la ejecución de procedimientos quirúrgicos. Debido a la falta de reportes con vNOTES en México se comunica el caso de una paciente en quien se aplicó este acceso, con buenos resultados. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 60 años, asintomática, referida para tratamiento definitivo de una lesión intraepitelial cervical, porque no aceptó el conservador. La histerectomía se efectuó mediante el acceso vNOTES, con una duración de 100 minutos, sin contratiempos ni complicaciones posoperatorias. A las 24 horas se dio de alta del hospital hemodinámicamente estable y asintomática, y sin complicaciones tardías. CONCLUSIÓN: La histerectomía mediante el acceso VNOTES fue exitosa, sin complicaciones y con adecuada evolución posquirúrgica. La evidencia actual demuestra que el acceso mediante vNOTES para la histerectomía es un procedimiento eficaz y seguro que combina las ventajas de la vía vaginal con la vía laparoscópica.
Abstract BACKGROUND: vNOTES surgery (Vaginal Natural Orifices Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery), first practiced in 2010, is an emerging surgical technique that eliminates surgical trauma to the abdominal wall by means of natural body orifices for the execution of surgical procedures. Due to the lack of reports with vNOTES in Mexico, we report the case of a patient in whom this access was applied, with good results. CLINICAL CASE: 60-year-old asymptomatic patient referred for definitive treatment of a cervical intraepithelial lesion, because she did not accept the conservative treatment. The hysterectomy was performed by vNOTES access, with a duration of 100 minutes, without setbacks or postoperative complications. At 24 hours she was discharged from the hospital hemodynamically stable and asymptomatic, and without late complications. CONCLUSION: Hysterectomy by VNOTES access was successful, without complications and with adequate postoperative evolution. Current evidence demonstrates that vNOTES access for hysterectomy is an effective and safe procedure that combines the advantages of the vaginal and laparoscopic routes.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Vaccination is our main strategy to control SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the decrease in quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike 1-2 IgG antibody titers three months after the second BNT162b2 dose, healthcare workers received a third booster six months after completing the original protocol. This study aimed to analyze the quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike 1-2 IgG antibody titers and the safety of the third dose. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective longitudinal cohort study included healthcare workers who received a third booster six months after completing the BNT162b2 regimen. We assessed the quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike 1-2 IgG antibody titers 21-28 days after the first and second dose, three months after the completed protocol, 1-7 days following the third dose, and 21-28 days after booster administration. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 168 participants aged 41(10) years old, 67% of whom were female. The third dose was associated with an increase in quantitative antibody titers, regardless of previous SARS-CoV-2 history. In cases with a negative SARS-CoV-2 history, the median (IQR) antibody titer values increased from 379 (645.4) to 2960 (2010) AU/ml, whereas in cases with a positive SARS-CoV-2 history, from 590 (1262) to 3090 (2080) AU/ml (p<0.001). The third dose caused a lower number of total (local and systemic) adverse events following immunization (AEFI) compared with the first two vaccines. However, in terms of specific symptoms such as fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, fever, and adenopathy, the proportion was higher in comparison with the first and second doses (p<0.05). The most common AEFI after the third BNT162b2 vaccine was pain at the injection site (n = 82, 84.5%), followed by fatigue (n = 45, 46.4%) of mild severity (n = 36, 37.1%). CONCLUSION: The third dose applied six months after the original BNT162b2 regimen increased the quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike 1-2 IgG antibody titers. The booster dose was well tolerated and caused no severe AEFI.
