Biomechanics of lower molar mesialization on mini-screws in multi-vestibular technique / Biomécanique de la mésialisation molaire inférieure sur mini-vis en technique multi-attache vestibulaire

Introduction: Molar protraction can be used in several clinical situations. It provides a real service to the patient, when it makes it possible to replace an implant, for example, or in case of a very damaged molar compared to the patient's age. Material and Method: In this article, the authors describe the different molar mesialization systems in the vestibular multi-attachment technique, outlining the biomechanics of each. Discussion: The mini-screws introduction in the practices has made it possible to improve the anchorage management, which is essential in this therapy. However, it is not always offered, depending on the patient's wishes, but also sometimes of the orthodontist's. Conclusion: The different biomechanical situations analyzed each have their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. A methodical reflection must lead the practitioner to choose the system that suits him, according to his experience and practice, in order to implement this therapy for the well-being of his patients.

Introduction: La mésialisation molaire peut trouver son indication dans plusieurs situations cliniques. Elle apporte un réel service au patient lorsqu'elle permet de se substituer à un implant, par exemple, ou en présence d'une molaire dont l'état de délabrement est très avancé par rapport à l'âge du patient. Matériel et méthode: Dans cet article, les auteurs décrivent les différents systèmes de mésialisation molaire en technique multi-attache vestibulaire, en exposant la biomécanique de chacun d'eux. Discussion: La démocratisation des mini-vis a permis de mieux gérer l'ancrage, primordial dans cette thérapeutique. Néanmoins, la mésialisation n'est pas toujours proposée, au regard de la volonté du patient, mais aussi parfois du praticien. Conclusion: Les différentes situations biomécaniques analysées possèdent chacune leurs caractéristiques, leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients propres. Une réflexion méthodique doit amener le praticien à choisir le système qui lui convient, en fonction de son expérience et de sa pratique, afin de mettre en œuvre cette thérapeutique pour le bien de ses patients.

[Orthognathic treatment and aligners, which protocol?] / Traitement orthognathique et aligneurs, quel protocole ?

Digital dental technologies for design, simulation and fabrication are constantly evolving. It is possible to digitally simulate dental movements, as well as displacements of both arches and to produce thermoformed splints manufactured from this simulation. The authors present the coupling of intraoral 3D scanning with low-dose radiation 3D radiography that allows for a very precise surgical setup, preparation of repositioning aligners, and fabrication of osteosynthesis plates. The orthodontic-surgical management protocol with aligners used by the first author will be described in detail. The authors present, through clinical cases, the progress made in orthognathic surgery thanks to 3D and the Invisalign® thermoformed tray system. Looking at the three clinical cases presented, it can be seen that the average treatment time was much less than the average time for usual orthodontic-surgical protocols.

Permanent genetic resources added to molecular ecology resources database 1 December 2012-31 January 2013.

This article documents the addition of 268 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alburnoides bipunctatus, Chamaerops humilis, Chlidonias hybrida, Cyperus papyrus, Fusarium graminearum, Loxigilla barbadensis, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Odontesthes bonariensis, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Posidonia oceanica, Potamotrygon motoro, Rhamdia quelen, Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii, Sibiraea angustata, Takifugu rubripes, Tarentola mauritanica, Trimmatostroma sp. and Wallago attu. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Alburnoides fasciatus, Alburnoides kubanicus, Alburnoides maculatus, Alburnoides ohridanus, Alburnoides prespensis, Alburnoides rossicus, Alburnoides strymonicus, Alburnoides thessalicus, Alburnoides tzanevi, Carassius carassius, Fusarium asiaticum, Leucaspius delineatus, Loxigilla noctis dominica, Pelecus cultratus, Phoenix canariensis, Potamotrygon falkneri, Trachycarpus fortune and Vimba vimba.

Use of graphical modality in a collaborative design distant setting.

In this paper, we present an original environment, the Distributed Collaborative Design Studio (DCDS) which allows multimodal real-time remote exchanges, and which aims at re-creating remotely the conditions of co-present meetings. This environment associates a videoconference tool (supporting verbal and non-verbal communication) and an original realtime shared digital hand-drawn sketches system (supporting graphical communication). The users can import documents and annotate them in real-time at distance. In this paper, we are interested in studying the use of the graphical modality (digital sketch and document annotations) as a tool for collective design and remote communication. This study takes place in the framework of a collaborative architectural design studio, which has taken place during 3 month, and gathering students from Belgium and France to work together in 3 small groups mainly at distance. The study focuses on the role of graphical modality in the synchronous remote meetings supported by the DCDS. We identify the types of digital annotations made on the imported document, thanks to the electronic pen, and their role in the cognitive processes of designing and in the collaboration and communication processes. We also identify the different practices of digital sketching, according to the group and its collaborative strategies. We discuss the utility of the graphical modality as an efficient support for collaborative synchronous activities and show that the DCDS environment supports different strategies of collaborative design (co-design and distributed design). We conclude on recommendations for improving the system and for designing sketch-based collaborative environments.

Invisible computer for collaborative design: evaluation of a multimodal sketch-based environment.

In the areas of design, especially in architectural design, collaboration has become an important challenge. The specialization of skills increase, work teams are more and more extensive and the geographic distance between them increases too. The economic and ecological stakes related to remote collaboration are an evidence. This context involves the need to support most efficiently possible remote working meetings. We present the Distributed Collaborative Digital Studio (DSDC), a tool designed to recreate, in distant situations, the context of copresence meetings. This shared environment is created in the "invisible computer" approach [11]. The idea is that the tool should disappear from user's consciousness. Indeed, creative design activities require some fluidity in their process. Therefore, any involuntary interruption created by the system can potentially brake creativity. In this perspective, we investigate specifically the "invisibility" of our environment. To do this, we propose a framework for the operationalization of the concept and a methodology to test the system invisibility. This methodology was applied through a case study consisting of a corpus of 12 hours of remote collaborative design sessions with the DSDC. We highlight the learning effects while using our system, conclude on its effectiveness and discuss our methodology.