Randomized Controlled Trial of Family Therapy in Advanced Cancer Continued Into Bereavement.

PURPOSE: Systematic family-centered cancer care is needed. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of family therapy, delivered to families identified by screening to be at risk from dysfunctional relationships when one of their relatives has advanced cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eligible patients with advanced cancer and their family members screened above the cut-off on the Family Relationships Index. After screening 1,488 patients or relatives at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center or three related community hospice programs, 620 patients (42%) were recruited, which represented 170 families. Families were stratified by three levels of family dysfunction (low communicating, low involvement, and high conflict) and randomly assigned to one of three arms: standard care or 6 or 10 sessions of a manualized family intervention. Primary outcomes were the Complicated Grief Inventory-Abbreviated (CGI) and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Generalized estimating equations allowed for clustered data in an intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: On the CGI, a significant treatment effect (Wald χ(2) = 6.88; df = 2; P = .032) and treatment by family-type interaction was found (Wald χ(2) = 20.64; df = 4; P < .001), and better outcomes resulted from 10 sessions compared with standard care for low-communicating and high-conflict groups compared with low-involvement families. Low-communicating families improved by 6 months of bereavement. In the standard care arm, 15.5% of the bereaved developed a prolonged grief disorder at 13 months of bereavement compared with 3.3% of those who received 10 sessions of intervention (Wald χ(2) = 8.31; df = 2; P =.048). No significant treatment effects were found on the BDI-II. CONCLUSION: Family-focused therapy delivered to high-risk families during palliative care and continued into bereavement reduced the severity of complicated grief and the development of prolonged grief disorder.

Fellows' forum: a workshop on the stresses of being an oncologist.

BACKGROUND: A pilot workshop was designed for medical oncology fellows to discuss the personal dimension and stresses of clinical oncology training. METHODS: Focus was directed at increasing awareness not only of the patients' psychosocial needs but also the fellows' personal responses to them. Fellows were invited to a bimonthly luncheon to discuss difficult cases they had encountered from a psychosocial perspective. The sessions were cofacilitated by Medical Oncology and Psychiatry. RESULTS: Recurrent topics included the stresses of breaking bad news, treating pain, managing the depressed or angry patient, problems related to end of life, and complex family and cultural issues. CONCLUSIONS: There was high satisfaction expressed with the forum.