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1.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 89(5): 429-434, oct. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356920

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: La angioplastia de Tronco de la Coronaria Izquierda es una opción terapéutica en pacientes con anatomía favorable. Objetivos: Reportar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de estos pacientes, así como su evolución clínica y evaluar los predictores de eventos clínicos durante el seguimiento. Material y Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes intervenidos entre 2011 y 2017 por obstrucción significativa del Tronco de la Coronaria Izquierda (Clínica Bazterrica y Clínica Santa Isabel). Se registró la incidencia de eventos clínicos al año y alejados (3 años como mínimo). Se realizó un análisis univariado y multivariado (modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox) para identificar aquellas variables asociadas a la ocurrencia de eventos (muerte e infarto). Resultados: Se incluyeron consecutivamente 95 pacientes, de los cuales en 39 el procedimiento fue no electivo (41,1%). La mortalidad global fue 9,3 % a los 12 meses y 13,6% alejada. La tasa de infarto de miocardio no fatal fue 7,2% al año y 14,5% alejada. La tasa de accidente cerebrovascular fue 2,1% y la de revascularización fue 10,4% a los 12 meses. El único predictor multivariado de eventos a 12 meses fue la indicación no electiva del procedimiento (p = 0,003). Cuando consideramos los eventos ocurridos luego del primer año, el único predictor multivariado fue la edad >70 años (p <0,0001). Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados de la angioplastia del Tronco de la Coronaria Izquierda corresponden a los reportados por otros autores. La ocurrencia de eventos al año y eventos alejados se relacionó con condiciones identificables como la indicación del procedimiento y la edad de los pacientes.


ABSTRACT Background: Left main percutaneous coronary intervention is a therapeutic option for patients with favorable anatomy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to report our experience in the treatment of these patients, their clinical evolution and the variables associated with clinical events during follow-up. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients that underwent percutaneous coronary artery intervention for left main obstructive disease between 2011 and 2017 at Clínica Bazterrica and Clínica Santa Isabel. The incidence of clinical events was evaluated at one year and at long-term follow-up (at least 3 years after the intervention). An univariate and multivariate analysis (Cox proportional risk model) was performed to identify event-associated variables (death and infarction). Results: Among a total of 95 patients included in the study, 39 (41.1%) underwent a non-elective procedure. The rate of overall mortality was 9.3% at 12 months and 13.6% at long-term follow-up, and that of non-fatal myocardial infarction 7.2% and 14.5%, respectively. On the other hand, the rate of stroke and revascularization was 2.1% and 10.4% at 12 months, respectively. On multivariate analysis, the only independent predictors of adverse clinical events were non-elective intervention at 12 months (p = 0.003) and age >70 years after the first year (p <0.0001). Conclusions: Our results of left main percutaneous coronary intervention correspond with those reported by other authors. The incidence of one-year and long-term clinical events was associated with identifiable conditions, as procedure indication and age of the patients at the time of intervention

2.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 79(1): 21-26, ene.-feb. 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634234

RESUMO

Introducción La seguridad y la eficacia del tratamiento endovascular de la aorta torácica descendente dependen de ciertas condiciones anatómicas, en particular de la presencia de un segmento sano de aorta (cuello proximal). En una proporción importante de pacientes, este cuello proximal es insuficiente o inexistente. Un bypass o transposición de la arteria subclavia izquierda permitiría mantener una perfusión adecuada del brazo izquierdo luego del implante de la endoprótesis. Sin embargo, este abordaje quirúrgico no siempre es factible en pacientes inestables, tratados de forma urgente o que presentan múltiples comorbilidades. Objetivo Evaluar las consecuencias clínicas y neurológicas de la oclusión intencional de la arteria subclavia izquierda durante el tratamiento endovascular de la aorta torácica descendente. Material y métodos Entre agosto de 1999 y febrero de 2010, 136 pacientes fueron tratados consecutivamente con implante de endoprótesis autoexpandibles. En 29 pacientes (21%) con ausencia de un cuello proximal adecuado (sector sano de aorta ≥ 15 mm de longitud) se debió cubrir intencionalmente el origen de la arteria subclavia izquierda. En todos los casos, previo al tratamiento se realizó una angiografía selectiva de la arteria vertebral derecha con el objetivo de confirmar la permeabilidad de ésta y la conformación de la circulación vertebrobasilar. Resultados Se trataron 20 hombres y 9 mujeres, cuya edad media fue de 62 (49-72) años. La patología de base fue disección aórtica tipo B aguda (n = 4), disección aórtica tipo B crónica (n = 14), hematoma intramural (n = 1), aneurisma verdadero (n = 7), úlcera aórtica (n = 1) y seudoaneurisma traumático (n = 2). El implante del dispositivo fue exitoso en todos los pacientes. No se registraron complicaciones clínicas ni neurológicas a 29 (13-50) meses de seguimiento medio. Conclusiones La utilización de criterios de selección estrictos permite la oclusión intencional de la arteria subclavia izquierda durante el tratamiento endovascular de la aorta torácica descendente, sin aumentar la incidencia de complicaciones mayores. Así, la revascularización quirúrgica queda reservada para pacientes con síntomas graves de isquemia durante el seguimiento.


Background Safety and efficacy of endovascular repair of the descending thoracic aorta depends on certain anatomic conditions, especially on the presence of a suitable proximal neck. This proximal neck is insufficient or absent in many patients. The use of left subclavian-carotid transposition or left carotid-tosubclavian artery bypass might allow an adequate perfusion of the left arm after the implantation of the stent-graft. However, this surgical approach is not feasible in unstable patients undergoing emergency surgery or with multiple comorbidities. Objective To evaluate the clinical and neurological outcomes of the intentional occlusion of the left subclavian artery during endovascular repair of the descending thoracic aorta. Material and Methods Between August 1999 and February 2010, 136 patients consecutively underwent implantation of self-expandable stent-grafts. The origin of the left subclavian artery was intentionally covered in 29 patients (21%) with absence of adequate proximal neck (normal aortic segment ≥15 mm long). Before the procedure, all patients underwent selective angiography of the right vertebral artery to exclude stenosis and to evaluate vertebrobasilar circulation. Results A total of 20 men and 9 women were treated; mean age was 62 (49-72) years. Stent-graft implantation was indicated due to acute type B aortic dissection (n=4), chronic type B aortic dissection (n=14), intramural hematoma (n=1), true aneurysm (n=7), aortic ulcer (n=1), and traumatic pseudoaneurysm (n=2). The device was successfully implanted in all patients. No clinical or neurological complications were reported after a mean follow-up of 29 months (13-50). Conclusions The use of strict selection criteria allows intentional occlusion of the left subclavian artery during stent-graft implantation of the descending thoracic aorta without increasing the incidence of major complications. Thus, surgical revascularization is reserved for patients with severe symptoms of ischemia during follow-up.

3.
J Endovasc Ther ; 17(2): 261-5, 2010 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20426652

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To report the use of a branched, balloon-deployable stent-graft to treat abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in the setting of a solitary kidney. CASE REPORT: A 72-year-old man with a solitary intrapelvic kidney and multiple comorbid conditions was diagnosed with an asymptomatic 5.3-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA); the renal artery emerged from the aneurysm sac. A customized branched, balloon-deployable, aortomonoiliac stent-graft was utilized to exclude the AAA and preserve perfusion to the single renal artery. A synthetic bypass was then implanted to restore perfusion to the contralateral limb. The diameter of the aneurysm decreased from 5.3 to 2.7 cm at 18 months. The renal artery was patent without evidence of stenosis; renal function was normal. CONCLUSION: The deployment of a novel branched stent-graft represents an interesting alternative approach to the treatment of a juxtarenal aneurysm.


Assuntos
Angioplastia com Balão , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Prótese Vascular , Nefrectomia , Stents , Idoso , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/complicações , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Humanos , Artéria Ilíaca , Masculino , Desenho de Prótese
4.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 76(5): 403-406, sept.-oct. 2008. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634033

RESUMO

La reparación endovascular de los aneurismas de la aorta abdominal (AAA) es una alternativa atractiva a la cirugía convencional. El límite absoluto para el implante de una endoprótesis estándar es la presencia de una o ambas arterias renales emergiendo del saco aneurismático. En estos casos, el empleo de dispositivos fenestrados con preservación del flujo sanguíneo de dichas arterias puede ser una alternativa terapéutica al tratamiento convencional. El objetivo de esta presentación es comunicar la colocación de una endoprótesis fenestrada balón expandible en un paciente con AAA, monorreno y con un riñón intrapelviano en el que la arteria renal emergía del saco aneurismático. Por vía femoral derecha sobre una guía rígida se ascendió el tronco aórtico de la endoprótesis. A continuación, por la misma vía, se ascendió el módulo de conexión entre el tronco aórtico y la arteria ilíaca común derecha. Un tercer módulo conectó la rama de la fenestración del segundo módulo con la arteria renal. El procedimiento se completó con la oclusión de la arteria ilíaca común izquierda (mediante stent oclusor) y la realización de un bypass femorofemoral. El éxito clínico y de implante alcanzado con este paciente muestra que las endoprótesis fenestradas son una opción en anatomías complejas y nos alienta a continuar trabajando con este tipo de dispositivos.


Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is an attractive option to conventional surgery. The presence of one or both renal arteries emerging from the aneurysmal sac is the absolute limit for implanting a standard stent-graft. In these cases, the use of fenestrated devices that preserve blood flow to these arteries might constitute a therapeutic option to conventional treatment. The aim of this case report is to describe the implant of a balloon-expandable stent-graft using a fenestrated device in a patient with an AAA and only one kidney located in the pelvis with a renal artery emerging from the aneurysmal sac. A stiff guide-wire was introduced via the femoral artery and the aortic segment of the stent-graft was advanced. A second segment was introduced to connect the aortic trunk with the right common iliac artery. Finally, a third segment connected the fenestrated branch of the second segment with the renal artery. The procedure ended with the placement of an occluder device in the left common iliac artery and a femorofemoral bypass graft surgery. The clinical success achieved with this patient demonstrates that fenestrated stent-grafts are an option in complex anatomies and encourages us to keep on working with this type of devices.

6.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 75(2): 96-102, mar.-abr. 2007. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-521624

RESUMO

Objetivo: El propósito de esta publicación es comunicar nuestros resultados inmediatos y a mediano plazo del tratamiento endovascular de la aorta torácica descendente mediante implante de endoprótesis. Material y métodos: Entre agosto de 1999 y agosto de 2006, 74 pacientes consecutivos, 53 hombres y 21 mujeres, fueron tratados por vía endovascular con implante de una prótesis autoexpandible. La edad media fue de 60 ± 14,8 años. Las indicaciones para tratamiento fueron disección aguda (n = 8); 11 por ciento, disección crónica (n =31); 42 por ciento, hematoma intramural (n = 5); 7 por ciento, aneurisma verdadero (n = 17); 23 por ciento, úlcera penetrante (n = 4); 5 por ciento y seudoaneurisma traumático (n = 9); 12 por ciento. Resultados: El implante del dispositivo fue exitoso en 73 (98,6) pacientes; no se requirió conversión quirúrgica en ninguno de ellos. Ningún paciente presentó paraplejía o déficit neurológico. La mortalidad a los 30 días fue del 8,1 por ciento (n = 6). La mediana de seguimiento fue de 33,5 meses (rango 1-79) y la sobrevida global fue del 84 por ciento (IC 69-92 por ciento) y del 91 por ciento (IC 77-97 por ciento), según se incluyese o no la mortalidad temprana. El 93 por ciento (IC 84-97 por ciento) de los pacientes estaban libres de complicaciones relacionadas con el procedimiento. La mayoría de las complicaciones ocurrieron durante el primer año de seguimiento. Conclusiones: El tratamiento endovascular de la aorta torácica descendente con implante de endoprótesis autoexpandible es factible y seguro. La baja incidencia de eventos en relación con las series quirúrgicas publicadas hace que este procedimiento sea de elección en pacientes seleccionados.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Stents , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/mortalidade
11.
J Heart Valve Dis ; 14(5): 664-73, 2005 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16245506

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Many types of mechanical prostheses are used for heart valve replacement, but it is difficult to distinguish between them using transthoracic echocardiography. Hence, cinefluoroscopy complements the echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac prostheses. The aims of the present study were to: (i) describe the contribution of cinefluoroscopy in identifying different prostheses; (ii) compare gradients obtained by Doppler echocardiography with the opening angle of the discs assessed by cinefluoroscopy; and (iii) assess the ability of cinefluoroscopy to distinguish normal from dysfunctional prostheses. METHODS: A total of 229 mechanical disc prostheses was prospectively evaluated with cinefluoroscopy. Eight prosthetic valves (six aortic, two mitral) were excluded due to the coexistence of severe left ventricular dysfunction. Thus, the final analysis comprised 221 prosthetic valves (146 aortic, 75 mitral). RESULTS: Based on the characteristics of the ring and the discs, cinefluoroscopy identified 87 single-leaflet and 134 bileaflet prostheses. Disc motion allowed distinction to be made between normal and dysfunctional prostheses (opening angle: 74 +/- 13 degrees versus 49 +/- 18 degrees). Fluoroscopy could not define disc profile or the ring in 6% of aortic valves and in 26% of mitral prostheses. The technique could be used to identify the TriTechnologies and HP-Biplus valves, but could not provide data on prosthetic function due to radiolucency of the discs. Among the 146 aortic prostheses, Doppler echocardiography helped to identify 109 normal valves and 37 dysfunctional valves. Among 75 mitral prostheses, 54 normal and 21 dysfunctional prosthetic valves were identified. When both methods were correlated, the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of fluoroscopy to distinguish normal from malfunctioning prostheses were 83%, 80%, 89%, and 71%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Each prosthesis type has radioscopic characteristics that allow its identification. Fluoroscopy permitted rapid and easy evaluation of mechanical prosthetic valve function, and in most cases allowed a distinction to be made between normal and dysfunctional prostheses. The presence of high gradients by Doppler echocardiography, with normal opening angles by fluoroscopy, and without pannus on transesophageal echocardiography, is indicative of patient-prosthesis mismatch. Fluoroscopy was superior to echocardiography in identifying disc motion, whilst Doppler study allowed the measurement of gradients and areas, and semiquantification of regurgitation. Thus, cinefluooscopy rapidly provides valuable information which is complementary to that obtained by echocardiography.


Assuntos
Cinerradiografia/métodos , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Idoso , Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Aórtica/patologia , Cinerradiografia/normas , Ecocardiografia Doppler , Feminino , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas/classificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valva Mitral/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Mitral/patologia , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/diagnóstico , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Desenho de Prótese/classificação , Falha de Prótese , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estatística como Assunto
12.
Clin Cardiol ; 28(11): 523-8, 2005 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16450796

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim of early treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is to achieve the rapid reperfusion of the culprit artery, which correlates with improvement in ventricular function and survival. With the widespread use of thrombolytic agents or coronary angioplasty as reperfusion strategies for AMI, it is possible to reduce the amount of myocardial necrosis. HYPOTHESIS: The assessment of residual viability with dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) in the infarcted area after AMI is relevant to subsequent management and prognosis. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with AMI (mean age 59 +/- 12, 31 male, 22 with anterior AMI, 15 with inferior AMI) admitted to the coronary care unit within 3.8 +/- 1.8 h of the onset of symptoms were included. Two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) study and DSE were performed at a mean of 4.7 +/- 1.8 days. Follow-up 2-D echo was performed at a mean of 25 +/- 11 days. To assess left ventricular regional systolic function, 2-D echo images were obtained at rest and during dobutamine-induced stress and were analyzed off-line according to the 13-segment model. Improvement in wall motion score (WMS) was defined by a decrease of at least two grades in the score. RESULTS: Wall motion score improved in 13 of the 37 patients after DSE (rest WMS 20.9 +/- 2.0 vs. D-WMS 17.7 +/- 2.2; p<0.001), which correlated with clinical or angiographic signs of reperfusion of the culprit vessel in all cases. Follow-up WMS evidenced a significant correlation with WMS after DSE (r = 0.91; p < 0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of DSE in detecting patients whose left ventricular function (LVF) improved at 2-D echo follow-up were 72,96,92.8, and 82.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Dobutamine stress echocardiography improved WMS in 35% of patients and correlated with signs of patency of the culprit vessel; (2) LVF improvement after dobutamine was predictive of late LVF recovery; (3) DSE can be a useful and safe tool for detecting reversible myocardial dysfunction after AMI.


Assuntos
Ecocardiografia sob Estresse , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Angiografia Coronária , Unidades de Cuidados Coronarianos , Feminino , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Seguimentos , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Reperfusão Miocárdica , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Projetos de Pesquisa , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Resultado do Tratamento
17.
Cardiol. clín ; 13(1): 23-31, ene.-abr. 1996. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-175069

RESUMO

Con objeto de determinar mediante angioscopía coronaria la prevalencia de ruptura de placa y trombo en angina inestable e infarto agudo del miocardio transmural, y de correlacionar los hallazgos angioscópicos con las modalidades de presentación clínica de la angina inestable, estudiamos, prospectivamente, 23 pacientes, 18 hombres y 5 mujeres, de 58 ñ 9,5 años, 19 de ellos con angina inestable y 4 con infarto agudo de miocardio transmural


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angina Instável , Angioscopia , Isquemia Miocárdica , Angina Instável/fisiopatologia , Angina Instável/terapia , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão , Isquemia Miocárdica/fisiopatologia , Infarto do Miocárdio , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Estudos Prospectivos
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