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1.
Enferm. glob ; 20(63)jul. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219105

RESUMO

Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia e intensidad de síntomas pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica estadio 5 en manejo renal conservador y analizar su asociación con la comorbilidad y el estado funcional. Método: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal. Para la evaluación de síntomas se utilizó la versión española modificada de la Palliative care Outcome Scale-Symptoms Renal. La comorbilidad fue evaluada con el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson modificado. Para la evaluación del estado funcional y grado de dependencia se utilizó el índice de Barthel. Resultados: 60 pacientes fueron incluidos en este estudio. Más del 50% de los pacientes presentaron debilidad, dolor, dificultad para dormir, poco apetito y problemas en la boca, encontrándose el dolor y la debilidad entre los síntomas más intensos. Las principales condiciones comórbidas fueron: diabetes, cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedad vascular periférica y neoplasias. La media del índice de Barthel fue 88±14,2. No se encontró asociación entre la comorbilidad y la sintomatología (p=0,43). El deterioro del estado funcional se asoció con la carga de síntomas (p=0.001). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica estadio 5 en manejo renal conservador sufren una elevada carga de síntomas. La debilidad fue síntoma más frecuente en esta población. La carga sintomática se asoció con el deterioro del estado funcional. Futuros estudios sobre el impacto de los síntomas en estos pacientes, así como las intervenciones necesarias para su óptimo manejo deberían ser considerados. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Avaliação de Sintomas , Cuidados Paliativos , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Correlação de Dados , Comorbidade
2.
Clin Nurs Res ; 28(5): 583-601, 2019 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29115157

RESUMO

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stage 5, experience multiple symptoms that negatively affect the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study examined the cluster of symptoms and their association with disease severity and comorbidities. The study sample included 123 patients with CKD Stage 5; 60 patients were in the dialysis group and 63 patients in the Conservative Kidney Management group. Symptom data were collected using the Spanish modified version of Palliative Care Outcome Scale-Symptoms (POS-S) Renal, a validated questionnaire to assess symptoms in this population. More than half of the patients described weakness, difficulty sleeping, and feeling depressed. Two symptom clusters were identified. There was no significant statistical correlation between disease severity and symptoms and between comorbidities and symptoms. The tendency of these symptoms to occur together has implications for improving symptom management in this population. Routine symptom assessment can be useful in clinical and research settings.


Assuntos
Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Cuidados Paliativos/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Avaliação de Sintomas , Idoso , Comorbidade , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor/psicologia , Diálise Renal , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários
5.
Enferm. nefrol ; 20(3): 259-266, jul.-sept. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-166845

RESUMO

Introducción: Los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada (ERCA) experimentan una gran variedad de síntomas que afectan negativamente la calidad de vida del paciente. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia e intensidad de síntomas y analizar su asociación con el filtrado glomerular (FG) y la comorbilidad. Material y Método: Estudio transversal en el que se describe la sintomatología del paciente con ERCA en diálisis y prediálisis y se realiza un análisis de la asociación de los síntomas con el FG y la comorbilidad. Para la evaluación de síntomas se utilizó la versión española modificada de la Palliative care Outcome Scale-Symptoms Renal (POS-S Renal), un cuestionario validado para evaluar la sintomatología en esta población. La comorbilidad fue evaluada con el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson modificado (ICCm). Resultados: 180 pacientes con ERCA fueron incluidos en este estudio. Más del 44% de pacientes describieron debilidad, dolor, depresión y dificultad para dormir. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en ambos grupos para síntomas como la debilidad (p=0.027), poca movilidad (p=0.018), somnolencia (p=0.03), estreñimiento (p=0.015) y piernas inquietas (p<0.01). El declive de la función renal se asoció con la sintomatología (p=0,04). No encontramos asociación entre la comorbilidad y la sintomatología (p=0,15). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con ERCA sufren una elevada carga de síntomas. La evaluación y monitorización sistemática de síntomas mediante herramientas como el POS-S Renal puede ser útil en el ámbito clínico y en investigación. La integración de los Cuidados Paliativos en los Servicios de Nefrología puede contribuir a la optimización del manejo sintomático en esta población (AU)


Introduction: Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (ACKD) experience multiple symptoms that negatively affect the quality of life. Aims: To determine the prevalence and severity of symptoms, and their association with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and comorbidities. Material and method: A cross-sectional study to examine the prevalence of symptoms in patients with ACKD on dialysis and predialysis, and their association with GFR and comorbidities was carried out. Symptom data were collected using the Spanish modified version of Palliative care Outcome Scale- Symptoms Renal (POS-S Renal), a validated questionnaire to assess symptoms in this population. Comorbidity was collected and scored according to the modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (mCCI). Results: The study sample included 180 patients with ACKD. More than 44% of patients described weakness, pain, depression and difficulty sleeping. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of symptoms between groups for weakness (p=0.027), poor mobility (p=0.018), drowsiness (p=0.03), constipation (p=0.015) and restless legs (p<0.01). There was no association between disease severity and symptoms (p=0,04). There was no significant correlation between comorbidities and symptoms (p=0,15). Conclusions: Patients with ACKD experience a high level of symptom burden. Routine symptom assessment using tools such as the POS-S Renal can be useful in clinical and research settings. Integrating the principles of Palliative Care in Nephrology Services can be beneficial for optimizing the symptom management in this population (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/classificação , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/enfermagem , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/prevenção & controle , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estudos Transversais/tendências , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Comorbidade , Análise de Variância , 28599
6.
BMC Nephrol ; 17(1): 180, 2016 11 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27863475

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high symptoms burden that is related to a poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and high costs of care. Validated instruments may be useful for assessing the symptoms and monitoring outcomes in these patients. The Palliative care Outcome Scale-Symptoms Renal (POS-S Renal) is a patient-reported outcome measure for assessing symptoms in CKD stage 4-5. This study is the first cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric analysis of this clinical tool. The purpose of this study is to carry out a cross-cultural adaptation of the POS-S Renal for Spanish-speaking patients, and to perform an analysis of the psychometric properties of this questionnaire. METHODS: The English version of the POS-S Renal was culturally adapted and translated into Spanish using a double forward and backward method. An expert panel evaluated the content validity. The questionnaire was pilot-tested in 30 patients. A total of 200 patients with CKD stage 4-5 filled in a modified Spanish version of the POS-S Renal and the MSAS-SF. Statistical analysis to evaluate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire was carried out. RESULTS: The content validity index (CVI) was 0.97, which indicated that the content of the instrument is an adequate reflection of the symptoms in advanced CKD (ACKD). The factor analysis indicated a two-factor solution explaining 35.05% of total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated that the two factor model was well supported (comparative fit index = 0.98, root mean square error of approximation = 0.068). This assessment tool demonstrated a satisfactory test-retest reliability (r = 0.909 to factor 1, r = 0.695 to factor 2, r = 0.887 to total score), good internal consistency to factor 1 (α = 0.78) and moderate internal consistency to factor 2 (α = 0.56). Concurrent criterion-related validity with MSAS-SF was also demonstrated, with r = 0.860, which indicated a high degree of correlation with a validated instrument that has been used in patients with ACKD. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish modified version of the POS-S Renal is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to assess symptoms in Spanish patients with CKD stage 4-5.


Assuntos
Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Cuidados Paliativos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Avaliação de Sintomas/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Idioma , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Psicometria , Qualidade de Vida , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Espanha , Tradução , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Enferm. nefrol ; 18(3): 228-236, jul.-sept. 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-144432

RESUMO

El paciente con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada (ERCA) presenta una elevada carga de síntomas que contribuyen a un aumento del sufrimiento y disminuyen su calidad de vida. El uso de instrumentos de evaluación es esencial para el control de síntomas. El objetivo de esta revisión es obtener una visión contrastada de los instrumentos más usados para evaluar síntomas en ERCA, realizando una descripción de la prevalencia de síntomas en esta población. Método: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura publicada sobre estudios en los que se utilizara algún instrumento para medir la intensidad de varios síntomas en pacientes con ERCA. La búsqueda se realizó en Pubmed, Cochrane, SciELO, TESEO, PROQOLID y BiblioPRO. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: estudios realizados con pacientes en ERCA, que evaluaran la sintomatología con algún instrumento de medición de síntomas, y que además, indicaran la prevalencia de varios síntomas. Resultados: Los instrumentos identificados fueron el Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale Short Form(MSAS-SF), el Dialysis Symptom Index (DSI), el Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) y el Palliative care Outcome Scale-Symptoms Renal (POS-S RENAL). En pacientes adultos con ERCA sometidos a tratamiento renal sustitutivo con hemodiálisis y diálisis peritoneal, los síntomas más prevalentes fueron el cansancio, prurito, estreñimiento, anorexia, dolor, alteraciones del sueño, ansiedad, disnea, nauseas, piernas inquietas, y depresión. Éstos síntomas fueron similares en pacientes con manejo renal conservador, y presentaron un patrón común con la sintomatología de otras enfermedades avanzadas. Concluimos que existe necesidad de investigar sobre prevalencia y evaluación de síntomas en esta población, y que el uso sistemático de los instrumentos específicos de evaluación de síntomas como medida de resultados es fundamental (AU)


The patient with advanced chronic kidney disease (ACKD) has a high symptom burden that contribute to increased suffering and diminish their quality of life. The use of symptom assessment tools is essential for the control of symptoms. The aim of this review is to obtain a contrasted vision of the instruments commonly used to assess symptoms in ACKD, making a description of the prevalence of symptoms in this population. Method: A review of the literature on studies in which an instrument is used to measure the intensity of several symptoms in patients with ACKD was undertaken. The search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, SciELO and TESEO. Inclusion criteria were: studies in patients with ACKD, evaluating symptoms with an assessment tool, and also indicate the prevalence of various symptoms. Results: The instruments identified were the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale Short Form (MSAS-SF), the Dialysis Symptom Index (DSI), the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) and the Palliative Care Outcome Scale-Symptoms Kidney (POS-S RENAL). In adult patients with ACKD undergoing renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, the most prevalent symptoms were fatigue, pruritus, constipation, anorexia, pain, sleep disturbance, anxiety, dyspnea, nausea, restless legs, and depression. These symptoms were similar in patients with renal conservative management, and showed a common pattern to the symptoms of others advanced diseases. We conclude that we need to research about the prevalence and evaluation of symptoms in this population, and a systematic use of specific instruments for evaluating symptoms as an outcome measure is necessary (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/prevenção & controle , Sinais e Sintomas/métodos , Sinais e Sintomas/tendências , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Enfermagem de Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida/métodos , Enfermagem de Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida/normas , Enfermagem em Nefrologia/organização & administração , Enfermagem em Nefrologia/normas , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/enfermagem , Inquéritos e Questionários , Monitorização Fisiológica/instrumentação , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos
8.
Nefrologia ; 32(1): 20-7, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22294001

RESUMO

Patients with chronic kidney disease may receive sustained renal supportive care and renal palliative care (RPC) starting with the diagnosis of the disease, throughout the various stages of renal replacement therapy (RRT), the cessation of the RRT, and in the decision of whether to provide conservative treatment or non-initiation of RRT. This article reviews the literature on the development of renal palliative care and proposed RPC models. We describe the progression of disease in organ failure, which is very different from other areas of palliative care (PC). We describe important components of resident nephrology training in PC. We discuss the management of pain and symptom control, as well as communication skills and other psychological and ethical aspects in the renal patient. We conclude that in chronic renal patients, a palliative care approach can provide a positive impact on the quality of life of patients and their families, as well as optimizing the complex treatment of the renal patient.


Assuntos
Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Terapia de Substituição Renal , Humanos , Manejo da Dor , Cuidados Paliativos , Terapia de Substituição Renal/ética
9.
Nefrología (Madr.) ; 32(1): 20-27, ene.-feb. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-103301

RESUMO

El paciente con enfermedad renal crónica es susceptible de recibir tratamiento de soporte y cuidados paliativos renales (CPR) desde el diagnóstico de la enfermedad, durante las distintas etapas de tratamiento sustitutivo renal (TSR), en el cese de dicho TRS y también si se decide tratamiento conservador o no inicio de TRS. Este artículo revisa la literatura referente al desarrollo de cuidados CPR y los modelos propuestos. Exponemos la trayectoria de la enfermedad en el fallo de órgano, que marca diferencias respecto a otros campos de los cuidados paliativos (CP). Se describen componentes de formación importantes para el residente de nefrología en CP. Abordamos el manejo del dolor y el control de síntomas, así como habilidades de comunicación y otros aspectos psicológicos y éticos en el paciente renal. Concluimos que en la atención al paciente renal crónico, un enfoque desde la medicina paliativa puede suponer un provechoso impacto en la calidad de vida del paciente y su familia, además de optimizar el complejo tratamiento nefrológico del paciente (AU)


Patients with chronic kidney disease may receive sustained renal supportive care and renal palliative care (RPC) starting with the diagnosis of the disease, throughout the various stages of renal replacement therapy (RRT), the cessation of the RRT, and in the decision of whether to provide conservative treatment or non-initiation of RRT. This article reviews the literature on the development of RPC and the models proposed. We describe how organ failure differs compare to other areas of palliative care (PC). We describe important training components in RPC for the resident nephrologist and we approach the management of pain and symptom control, communication skills and other psychological and ethical aspects in the renal patient. We conclude a palliative care approach may have a profitable impact on the quality of life for chronic renal patients and their families as well as optimizing the complex renal patient's treatment (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Terapia de Substituição Renal/métodos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Temas Bioéticos , Soluções para Hemodiálise/farmacologia , Analgésicos Opioides/administração & dosagem , Modelos Organizacionais , Dor/tratamento farmacológico
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