Antigen-Specificity of T Cell Infiltrates in Biopsies With T Cell-Mediated Rejection and BK Polyomavirus Viremia: Analysis by Next Generation Sequencing.

This study interrogates the antigen-specificity of inflammatory infiltrates in renal biopsies with BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) viremia (BKPyVM) with or without allograft nephropathy (BKPyVN). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from five healthy HLA-A0101 subjects were stimulated by peptides derived from the BKPYV proteome or polymorphic regions of HLA. Next generation sequencing of the T cell-receptor complementary DNA was performed on peptide-stimulated PBMC and 23 biopsies with T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) or BKPyVN. Biopsies from patients with BKPyVM or BKVPyVN contained 7.7732 times more alloreactive than virus-reactive clones. Biopsies with TCMR also contained BKPyV-specific clones, presumably a manifestation of heterologous immunity. The mean cumulative T cell clonal frequency was 0.1378 for alloreactive clones and 0.0375 for BKPyV-reactive clones. Samples with BKPyVN and TCMR clustered separately in dendrograms of V-family and J-gene utilization patterns. Dendrograms also revealed that V-gene, J-gene, and D-gene usage patterns were a function of HLA type. In conclusion, biopsies with BKPyVN contain abundant allospecific clones that exceed the number of virus-reactive clones. The T cell component of tissue injury in viral nephropathy appears to be mediated primarily by an "innocent bystander" mechanism in which the principal element is secondary T cell influx triggered by both antiviral and anti-HLA immunity.

Distribution of interstitial cells of Cajal in the neurogenic urinary bladder of children with myelomeningocele.

PURPOSE: C-kit positive interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) play an important role in the regulation of the smooth muscle motility, acting as pacemakers to provide the slow wave activity in various organs. Recent studies have shown that c-kit positive ICCs are widely distributed in the urinary tract of animals and humans. The aim of our study was to examine the distribution of ICCs in the children's neurogenic bladder. METHODS: An immunohistochemical study of specimens obtained from neurogenic urinary bladder (from the trigonum and the corpus) of children with meningomyelocele and during autopsy was performed using antibody against c-kit (CD 117). Histological morphometry of immunoexpression of c-kit positive ICCs was performed by means of an image analyzing system. RESULTS: Our investigation demonstrated ICCs located in the vesical muscle layers. The distribution of those cells is different in the trigonum and the corpus of the urinary bladder. No remarkable differences were observed in c-kit immunoexpression between the neurogenic and the control group. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the distribution of ICCs in the urinary bladder of healthy children as compared to children with myelomeningocele. Biopsy revealed different distribution of ICCs in particular parts of the bladder (trigonum/ corpus) in both groups of children.

[Epidemiological characteristics of menstrual cycle disorders and perimenopause in women as risk factors of breast cancer development (C.50) (according to data of sociological research)].

Risk factors of arising and development of breast cancer (C.50) are established among 400 women (P < 0,05) with breast cancer (C.50) in the epidemiological research of disturbances of menstrual cycle and perimenopause and verified by results of multifactor analysis.

[Interaction of 23S ribosomal RNA helices 89 and 91 of Escherichia coli contributes to the activity of IF2 but is insignificant for elongation factors functioning].

The non-canonical base-pair C2475/G2529 joins helices 89 and 91 of the 23S rRNA in the large subunit of E. coli ribosomes. These nucleotides are located at the "crossroads" between the peptidyl transferase center, the sarcin-ricin loop and the GTPase-associated center. We probed the functional role of nucleotides C2475/G2529 by the mutations C2475G, C2475G/G2529C and deltaA2471/U2479 of 23S rRNA. All these mutations had no influence on the elongation factors activity but had different effects on the cell growth, 23S rRNA conformation and translation initiation. C2475G/G2529C and C2475G mutations led to more or less substantial decrease in IF2.GDPNP binding to the ribosomes, and IF2-assisted initiation complex formation. Ribosome-dependent GTPase activity of IF2 was enhanced by both C2475G/G2529C and C2475G mutations. Mutation deltaA2471/U2479 has no influence on IF2.GDPNP binding to the ribosome, but reduces IF2-dependent formation of initiation complex and the ribosome-dependent GTPase activity. Thus, the contact between helices 89 and 91 is important for efficient IF2 functioning in translation initiation.

[Conflict: induction-inhibition of transgene bacteria luminescence in studying expression of lux-genes]. / Konflikt: induktsiia-ingibirovanie liuminestsentsii transgennykh bakterii v izuchenii ékspressii lux-genov.

The relationship between the induction of the luminescent operon of lux-genes fused with the naphthalene and salicylate degradation genes and the inhibition of light emission caused by these compounds was studied. The quantitative correlations between these processes manifest themselves in the fact that light intensity linearly increased in a narrow concentration range of the inductor and then decreased due to the inhibition of the luminescence reaction itself, which is not related to the regulation of expression of lux-genes.