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1.
Rev. chil. urol ; 82(1): 48-59, 2017. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-905890

RESUMO

INTRODUCCION: El tiempo de pabellón es un recurso escaso y costoso. Por eso optimizar el tiempo de un paciente en pabellón se presenta como el gran desafío. Se han intentado múltiples intervenciones para aumentar la eficiencia de los pabellones, desde técnicas para afianzar los equipos, hasta cambios en la planta física, pero el objetivo final sigue siendo hacer del proceso quirúrgico una sinfonía armónica. Nuestro objetivo es dar los primeros pasos que permitan, en un estudio de largo plazo, encontrar la fórmula teórica que permita optimizar el tiempo en pabellón. (AU)


INTRODUCTION: The time in the operating room (OR) is a scarce and expensive resource. So optimize the time of a patient in the OR presents as a great challenge. Multiple interventions have been attempted to increase the efficiency of the ORs, from techniques to strengthen teams, to changes in the physical plant, but the ultimate goal remains to make the surgical process an harmonic symphony. Our aim is to take the first steps to allow, on a long-term study, find the theoretical formula for optimizing the time in the ORs. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Salas Cirúrgicas
2.
Rev. chil. urol ; 82(2): 52-63, 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-906011

RESUMO

Introducción. El tiempo de pabellón es un recurso escaso y costoso. Por eso optimizar el tiempo de un paciente en pabellón se presenta como el gran desafío. Se han intentado múltiples intervenciones para aumentar la eficiencia de los pabellones, desde técnicas para afianzar los equipos, hasta cambios en la planta física, pero el objetivo final sigue siendo hacer del proceso quirúrgico una sinfonía armónica. Nuestro objetivo es dar los primeros pasos que permitan, en un estudio de largo plazo, encontrar la fórmula teórica que permita optimizar el tiempo en pabellón. Métodos. Estudio prospectivo con registro de los procesos en un pabellón de especialidad durante 4 semanas. Se registraron los tiempos de diferentes procesos de cada paciente y se descompuso en subprocesos (traslado, preoperatorio, técnicoanestesia, inducción-anestésica, arsenalera, lavado-paciente, prequirúrgico, quirúrgico, despertar, salida, aseo). Luego del análisis se plantearon 4 escenarios teóricos: (I)"tiempo observado"; (II)"tiempo mejorado", donde se realizó el traslape máximo de los subprocesos observados; (III)"tiempo mejorado+preanestesia", considerando sala de preanestesia y paciente se prepara antes de entrar a pabellón; (IV)"tiempo mejorado+preanestesia+arsenalera", además del paciente preparado se cuenta con arsenalera lista al momento del ingreso a pabellón. Se analizó la disminución del tiempo quirúrgico entre el observado y los tres escenarios a través de comparación de medianas (Wilcoxon). Además se estratificó según complejidad de la cirugía. Resultados. Se analizaron 22 cirugías urológicas de distinta complejidad: baja 32 por ciento; media 45 por ciento y alta 23 por ciento. La mediana del tiempo observado (I) fue de 123 minutos, el (II) fue 103 min, el (III) fue 74 min y (IV) fue 69 min. Disminución que es estadísticamente significativa al comparar el tiempo observado (I) con los tres grupos (p<0,001). Al hacer la comparación del observado con los otros tres escenarios según grado de complejidad de la cirugía, también se evidencia disminución estadísticamente significativa en los 3 grupos (baja, mediana y alta complejidad) con p 0.018; p 0.07; p 0.043 respectivamente. Conclusión. El análisis realizado se basa en tiempos reales y su comparación es con escenarios teóricos; sin embargo permite visualizar que sólo con un buen ordenamiento de los procesos en pabellón (tiempo mejorado (II)), traslapando aquellos procesos independientes, disminuiría el tiempo del pabellón en 20 min por cirugía. La cual sería mayor si se implementara el paciente ingresando preparado (III) y la arsenalera lista al ingreso del pabellón (IV). Sin embargo, estamos conscientes que estos escenarios son inalcanzables en nuestro medio. Además surgiría la interrogante de si serán lo suficientemente seguros para el paciente. En resumen solo cambiando la forma de gestionar los procesos del pabellón, se podría obtener un mejor aprovechamiento del tiempo y con esto aumentar la eficiencia de los pabellones. (AU)


Introduction. EThe time in the operating room (OR) is a scarce and expensive resource. So optimize the time of a patient in the OR presents as a great challenge. Multiple interventions have been attempted to increase the efficiency of the ORs, from techniques to strengthen teams, to changes in the physical plant, but the ultimate goal remains to make the surgical process an harmonic symphony. Our aim is to take the first steps to allow, on a long-term study, find the theoretical formula for optimizing the time in the ORs. Method. Prospective study that consisted in the registration of processes in a subspecialty OR for 4 weeks. Times of different processes were recorded for each patient and were decomposed into subprocesses (transfer, preoperative, anesthesiatechnician, anestheticinduction, instrumentalist, skin-preparation, surgeonpreoperative, surgery, awakening, exit, ORs-cleaning). After analyzing, four theoretical scenarios were proposed: (I) "observed time" (II) "Improved time", which consisted in the maximum overlap of the observed sub processes; (III) "improved time + preanesthesia " considering pre-anesthesia room and patient prepared before entering the operating room; (IV) " improved time + preanesthesia + instrumentist", where beside patient ready it counts with instrumentist also ready when entering de operating room. We analyzed the reduction of surgical time between the observed and the three scenarios through medians comparison (Wilcoxon). Furthermore stratified by surgery's complexity. Results. 22 urological surgeries of varied complexity were analyzed: low 32 pertcent, mean 45 pertcent, high 23pertcent. The observed median time (I) was 123 minutes, the (II) was 103 min, the (III) was 74 min and (IV) was 69 min. Decreased time is statistically significant by comparing the observed time (I) with the three groups (p <0.001). Comparing the observed time with the other three scenarios stratified by surgery complexity, also evidenced statistically significant decrease in the 3 groups (low, medium and high complexity) with p 0.018, p 0.07, p 0.043 respectively. Conclusión. The analysis is based on comparing real times with the oretical scenarios, however allows to see that with only a good order of the processes in the operating room (improved time (II)), overlapping those independent processes, decreases the time in the OR in 20 min. Which would be higher if the patient is prepared (III) and instrumentist ready (IV) when the patient enters to the Operating Room. However, we are aware that these scenarios are unattainable in our reality. Besides, the question that would arise is whether they would be safe enough for the patient. Therefore just by changing the way you manage processes in the OR, you might get a better use of time and thereby increase the efficiency of them.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Salas Cirúrgicas , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Eficiência
3.
J Pediatr Surg ; 49(8): 1300-3, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25092094

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Central venous catheters (CVC) are frequently used for haemodialysis (HD) in children. However, there is paucity of information on the outcomes of CVCs when used for HD in very young patients. Our objective is to report the success, safety and complication rates of CVCs used for HD in children weighing less than 15 kg. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study of all patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) weighing <15kg, who underwent a tunneled CVC placement for HD, between July 2006 and June 2012 at our institution. Analysed data included clinical background, age and weight at initiation of HD, outcome of HD, CVC vein insertion site, reason for removal, and catheter survival (in days). RESULTS: Thirty-one CVC were placed in 11 patients weighing <15 kg, 8 males and 3 females. The main causes of ESRD were renal dysplasia and congenital nephrotic syndrome. At the beginning of HD, mean age was 27.5 (range 5-60) months and mean weight was 10.4 kg (4.5-13 kg). The preferred insertion site was the right internal jugular vein (90%). Mean duration of HD was 312 days. Mechanical factors were the main reason for catheter removal (39%). Mean catheter survival was 110 days/catheter. CONCLUSIONS: We believe our study provides relevant information and encouraging data to support the use of CVC for HD in this cohort of infants; however, further improvement in prevention of catheter thrombosis and management of infections needs to be achieved.


Assuntos
Peso Corporal , Cateterismo Venoso Central/instrumentação , Cateteres Venosos Centrais , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Diálise Renal/métodos , Pré-Escolar , Remoção de Dispositivo , Desenho de Equipamento , Falha de Equipamento , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(2): 76-78, ago. 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774061

RESUMO

Introducción: El rabdomiosarcoma (RMS) es uno de los tumores sólidos pediátricos más frecuentes. Se ha descrito que la braquiterapia es una herramienta prometedora para tratar esta patología, presentando menos secuelas en los tejidos vecinos. Este estudio tiene como propósito objetivar las secuelas de la dinámica vesical, a través de evaluación con estudios urodinámicos (EUD) a pacientes pediátricos sometidos a cirugía conservadora más braquiterapia por RMS de origen uroginecológico.P acientes y Métodos: Revisión de casos de RMS uroginecológicos desde 2004 a 2011, manejados con braquiterapia pre y/o post operatoria, más quimioterapia preoperatoria. Se realiza estudio urodinámico invasivo y/o no invasivo para evaluar secuelas en función miccional. Resultados: Serie de 4 casos de pacientes con RMS genitourinarios sometidos a braquiterapia sola o asociada a cirugía resectiva: 2 de próstata, 1 vaginal y 1 vesical. Los estudios urodinámicos muestran una capacidad vesical disminuida en 1 paciente, mínima disminución en otro y 2 presentan capacidad normal para la edad. La acomodación del detrusor es adecuada en los 4 pacientes y no hay alteraciones en la función esfinteriana. Clínicamente todos los pacientes son continentes y no presentan sintomatología de disfunción miccional. Conclusiones: El RMS genitourinario es un tumor altamente invasivo y secuelante. La braquiterapia ha logrado un nivel de radiación óptimo que se enfoca en el área tumoral sin afectar mayormente tejidos vecinos. Esto implicaría menos probabilidades de producir efectos secundarios en la dinámica vesical. Hemos demostrado en esta serie, con evaluación urodinámica, que estos pacientes con RMS presentan mínimas alteraciones en la evaluación urodinámica y no tienen repercusión clínica post tratamiento. Trabajos futuros están orientados a evaluación urodinámica pre y post braquiterapia.


Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is one of the most common pediatric solid tumors. It has been described that brachytherapy is a promising tool to treat this pathology, presenting less sequelae in neighboring tissues. This study aims to objectify alterations in bladder function through evaluation with urodynamic studies (UDS) in pediatric patients undergoing conservative surgery plus brachytherapy due to urogynecological RMS. Patients and Methods: A review of cases of RMS urogynecological from 2004-2011, managed with pre and / or post-operative brachytherapy, and preoperative chemotherapy. Invasive and / or noninvasive Urodynamic Studies are performed to assess sequelae in voiding function. Results: A series of 4 cases of genitourinary RMS patients undergoing brachytherapy alone or combined with resection surgery: 2 prostate cases, 1 vaginal and 1 bladder case. Urodynamic studies show a decreased bladder in 1 patient, minimal decrease in another and 2 show normal capacity for the patients age. Detrusor compliance is adequate in the 4 patients and there are no alterations in sphincter function. Clinically all patients are continent and show no symptoms of voiding dysfunction. Conclusions: Genitourinary RMS are a highly invasive and invalidating tumor. Brachytherapy achieves optimal radiation level that focuses on the tumor area without greatly affecting neighboring tissues.This could imply less likelyhood to cause side effects in bladder dynamics. We have shown in this series, with urodynamic evaluation, that these patients with RMS have minimal alterations in urodynamic Studies and have no post-treatment clinical impact. Future work is aimed at evaluating urodynamics before and after brachytherapy.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Braquiterapia , Neoplasias Urogenitais/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias Urogenitais/radioterapia , Rabdomiossarcoma/fisiopatologia , Rabdomiossarcoma/radioterapia , Urodinâmica
5.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(4): 62-64, ago. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774920

RESUMO

El abordaje sagital transrectal anterior (ASTRA) resulta de amplia utilidad para el enfrentamiento de patología urológica pediátrica. Actualmente es el gold-standar en el manejo del seno urogenital alto, malformaciones vaginales, trauma uretral complejo y tumores. Presentamos una modificación menos invasiva a este abordaje, comentando sus ventajas. En posición decúbito prono, con preparación intestinal; se realiza una incisión en “cáliz”; esta consiste en una sección vertical en línea media perianal desde horquilla vulvar a recto en mujeres, y desde base de escroto a recto en hombres, y otra incisión transversa, cóncava, en el tejido de transición entre mucosa rectal y piel, aproximadamente a dos centímetros del punto medio del ano. Caso 1: Niña de 13 años, consulta por dolor pélvico, diagnosticándose duplicación uterina y vaginal, con atresia de tercio distal de una hemivagina. Se realiza abordaje sagital anterior en cáliz, resecando tabique intervaginal y realizando plastia vaginal. Post operatorio sin complicaciones y vaginoscopía de control normal.. Continencia rectal normal. Caso 2: Niño de 12 años, portador de RMS de próstata tratado con braquiterapia + QMT el año 2009. En diciembre de 2011 presenta recidiva perianal diagnosticada por biopsia quirúrgica (incisión perineal media); en el 5º ciclo de QMT se explora por abordaje sagital anterior con incisión en cáliz, resecando tejido sospechoso, sin evidencias de enfermedad. Buena evolución postoperatoria, actualmente completando ciclos de QMT. Continencia rectal normal. El abordaje sagital anterior (ASTRA), ampliamente utilizado en urología pediátrica, tiene la desventaja de incidir el recto, con el riesgo de lesión de esfínteres e infecciones postoperatorias. Al realizar la incisión sagital anterior en cáliz, conservamos la amplitud y visión de campo clínico que con ASTRA, disminuyendo riesgos postoperatorios, permitiendo realimentación y alta precoz debido a su menor sintomatologia...


The anterior sagittal transrectal approach (ASTRA) is broadly useful for coping with pediatric urologic pathology. It is currently the gold standard in the management of high urogenital sinus, vaginal malformations, complex urethral trauma and tumors. We present a less invasive modification to this approach, discussing its advantages.In the prone position, with bowel preparation, an incision is made in “calix”, meaning a vertical section at the perineal midline from vulva to rectum in women, and from scrotal base to rectum in men, and another transverse, concave incision at the transition tissue between rectal mucosa and skin, approximately two centimeters from the anal midpoint. Case 1: A 13-year-old girl, with pelvic pain, due to uterine and vaginal duplication and atresia of the distal third of a hemivagina. Anterior sagittal approach in calyx is performed, resecting intervaginal Septum and performing vaginal plasty. Uncomplicated postoperative course, normal control Vaginoscopy. Normal rectal continence. Case 2: A 12-year-old boy, with RMS treated with prostate brachytherapy + chemotherapy in 2009. In December 2011 he presents with perianal recurrence diagnosed by surgical biopsy (median perineal incision) in the 5th chemotherapy cycle he is explored through an anterior sagital approach in “calix”, resecting suspicious tissue with no evidence of disease. Good postoperative course, currently completing cycles of chemotherapy. Normal rectal continence. The anterior sagital approach (ASTRA), widely used in pediatric urology, has the disadvantage of affecting the rectum, with the risk of sphincter injury and postoperative infections. When performing the anterior sagital incision “in calyx” we retain the amplitude of vision of the clinical field as with ASTRA, but reducing postoperative risks, allowing early feeding and early discharge due to the les symptoms...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Doenças Urológicas/cirurgia , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos
6.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(4): 48-50, ago. 2013. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774916

RESUMO

La balanitis xerótica obliterante (BXO) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica con una incidencia reportada de 10-40 por ciento de las fimosis en la infancia, cuyo diagnóstico va en aumento, posiblemente debido a una mayor sospecha. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar los casos de BXO tratados en nuestro centro y su evolución. Revisión retrospectiva entre los años 2002 y 2012 de pacientes con diagnóstico de BXO confirmado por anatomía patológica. Se analizan datos demográficos, tratamiento médico y quirúrgico, y complicaciones post-operatorias. Se estudió retrospectivamente 26 biopsias con diagnóstico histopatológico de BXO. La edad promedio al momento de la circuncisión fue de 7,5 años (r 6m–15a, mediana 9,5). 16/26 pacientes fueron operados por urólogo infantil, y 10/26 por cirujano infantil. En relación a patologías asociadas, uno tenía una hipospadias, y otro un reflujo vesico-ureteral. Después del procedimiento, 6 pacientes recibieron corticoides tópicos. Dos pacientes presentaron estenosis del meato diagnosticado intra-cirugía que se manejan con dilataciones. Cinco pacientes tuvieron re-estenosis del prepucio, los que fueron sometidos a una segunda cirugía; todos habían sido operados por cirujano infantil inicialmente. El tiempo promedio total de seguimiento fue de 6,9 meses (r 1-36); sin embargo de los pacientes sin re-operación (21/26), el seguimiento promedio por urólogo fue de 7,3 meses y aquellos por cirujano infantil fue de 1,8 meses. En nuestro centro, el diagnóstico de BXO por anatomía patológica sólo se hace ante la sospecha clínica, ya que no todas las fimosis son estudiadas con biopsia; esto impide estimar su real incidencia. En esta serie, en los pacientes donde se realizó circuncisión total (80 por ciento), este fue el tratamiento definitivo sin complicaciones, a pesar que sólo el 23 por ciento de los pacientes recibieron corticoides tópicos post tratamiento...


Xerotic Balanitis (BXO) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a reported 10-40 percent of phimosis incidence in childhood, whose diagnosis is increasing, possibly due to greater suspicion. The aim of our study was to analyze cases of BXO treated in our center and its evolution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective review between 2002 and 2012 of patients diagnosed with pathologically proven BXO. Demographics, medical and surgical treatment, and postoperative complications were analyzed. RESULTS: We retrospectively studied 26 biopsies with histopathological diagnosis of BXO. The average age at circumcision was 7.5 years (r 6m-15a, median 9.5). 16/26 of the patients were operated by pediatric urologists, and 10/26 by pediatric surgeons. Regarding comorbidities, one had a hypospadias, and one a vesicoureteral reflux.After the procedure, 6 patients received topical corticosteroids. Two patients had meatal stenosis diagnosed intra-operatively handled with dilations. Five patients had re-stenosis of the foreskin, which underwent a second surgery; pediatric surgeons initially operated all of them. Mean follow-up was 6.9 months (range 1-36), but between patients without re-operation (21/26), the average follow-up was 7.3 months when done by urologist and for those done by pediatric surgeon it was 1.8 months. CONCLUSIONS: In our center, the diagnosis of BXO by antomopathology is done only after clinical suspicion, because not all phimosis are studied with biopsy, for this reason we are unable to estimate its actual incidence. In this series, in all patients where complete circumcision (80 percent) was performed, this was the definitive treatment without complications, even though only 23 percent of patients received topical corticosteroids after treatment. Because little is known about BXO and it has possible future complications, we believe that its management and long-term monitoring should performed by a specialist.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Balanite Xerótica Obliterante/cirurgia , Balanite Xerótica Obliterante/epidemiologia , Balanite Xerótica Obliterante/complicações , Balanite Xerótica Obliterante/tratamento farmacológico , Circuncisão Masculina , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Distribuição por Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Evolução Clínica
7.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(4): 40-42, ago. 2013. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774914

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: El hidro y/o hematocolpos es una condición patológica rara, de incidencia 1/16.000 niñas, que consiste en la dilatación de vagina y/o útero por material líquido o hemático. Sus diferentes formas de presentación y especialmente al grupo etario que afecta, puede ser un diagnostico no siempre fácil como también un manejo inadecuado puede determinar diferentes complicaciones de diversa gravedad. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los casos tratados en el servicio de urología pediátrica de acuerdo al grupo etario que correspondió su debut clínico. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico de hidro o hematocolpos entre los años 2007 y 2011. Se analizan datos demográficos, patologías asociadas, tratamiento y complicaciones. Resultados: Se analizaron 8 niñas, todas con ambigüedad genital al nacer, 7 con hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita. En 6 pacientes se realiza examen endoscópico bajo anestesia general que confirma la presencia de un seno urogenital (SUG) a una edad promedio de 36 meses (r 3m-12a). La edad promedio de presentación del hidrocolpos fue de 6 años (r 1m - 14 a) con un peak entre los 0-2 años y a los 11-14 años, diagnóstico confirmado mediante ecografía. Otras patologías asociadas fueron: cardiopatía congénita (1) e ITU recurrente (5). Una paciente presentó una sobreinfección del hidrocolpos con shock séptico asociado. En dos pacientes (11 y 14 años) se ha realizado el descenso en bloque, 3 pacientes se drena el hidrocolpos por vía endoscópica (cistoscopía). Conclusiones: El hidrocolpos es una patología rara, pero que se debe tener presente especialmente en diagnostico prenatal y/o recién nacidos que se estudian por masa pelviana y/o abdominal, en pacientes con SUG; ya que su detección precoz y tratamiento pueden evitar consecuencias graves como shock séptico de origen uroginecológico.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: hydro and / or hematocolpos are a rare pathological condition, incidence 1/16.000 girls, which involves dilation of vagina and / or uterus with hematic fluid or material. Due to its different forms of presentation and especially the affected age group, diagnosis may not always be easy as improper Management can determine different complications of varying severity. The aim of this paper is to analyze the cases treated in our pediatric urology service according to age group of clinical debut. Material and methods: Retrospective study of patients diagnosed with hydro or hematocolpos between 2007 and 2011. Demographics, co morbidities, treatment and complications were analyzed. Results: 8 girls, all with ambiguous genitalia at birth, 7 with congenital adrenal hyperplasia were analyzed. In 6 patients endoscopic examination performed under general anesthesia confirmed the presence of a urogenital sinus (SUG) at an average age of 36 months (r 3m-12a). The average age of hydrocolpos presentation was 6 years (r 1m - 14) with a peak between 0-2 years and 11-14 years, confirmed by ultrasound diagnosis. Other associated diseases were: congenital heart disease (1) and recurrent UTI (5). One patient had a superinfection of hydrocolpos associated with septic shock. In two patients (11 and 14y.o.) an “en bloc” descent was performed, in 3 patients the hydrocolpos was drained endoscopically (cystoscopy). Conclusiones: hydrocolpos is a rare condition, but it must be especially considered in prenatal diagnosis and / or infants studied by pelvic and / or abdominal mass, in patients with SUG, as early detection and treatment can prevent serious consequences as septic shock of urogynecological origin.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Hidrocolpos/cirurgia , Hidrocolpos/epidemiologia , Distribuição por Idade , Idade de Início , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hidrocolpos/complicações
8.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(1): 46-49, 2013. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774007

RESUMO

Introducción: La obstrucción pieloureteral (OPU) es la uropatía obstructiva alta más frecuente, y se trata tradicionalemnte mediante pieloplastía abierta. Nuestro propósito es comparar la tasa de éxito y complicaciones de pieloplastía laparoscópica vs pieloplastía abierta en lactantes menores de 10 kg de peso. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo comparativo de dos grupos de pacientes <10 kilos: laparoscópico (grupo 1) y abierto (grupo 2), operados entre 2005 y 2011. Se analizaron datos demográficos, resolución de la hidronefrosis (diámetro antero-posterior de la pelvis o DAP), complicaciones asociadas a la cirugía, ecografía y MAG3 pre y post quirúrgico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 34 pacientes. Ambos grupos comparables estadísticamente entre sí. El grupo 1 incluyó 9 pacientes, edad promedio 7 meses (r 1-11), lateralidad 3 derechos, DAP pre-cirugía 32 mm (r 17-45) y post-cirugía 13,7 mm (r 7-24), MAG3 pre y post-cirugía 38 por ciento y 39 por ciento respectivamente, el tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 153 min (r 90-210), sin complicaciones asociadas. El grupo 2 incluyó 25 pacientes, edad promedio de 3,7 meses (r 1-12), lateralidad 16 izquierdos, peso promedio 7 kg (r 3,8-10), DAP pre-cirugía 35,5 mm (r 10-73) y post-cirugía 13,9mm (r 3-31), MAG 3 pre-cirugía 37 por ciento y post cirugía 38 por ciento, tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 95 minutos (r 60-170), 1 paciente presentó urinoma post-cirugía, y se presentaron 3 reoperaciones...


Introduction: ureteropelvic junction obstruction (OPU) is the most common upper urinary tract obstructive uropathy, and is usually treated by open pyeloplasty. Our purpose is to analyze whether laparoscopic pyeloplasty has a similar success and complication rate as the open approach in patients of less than 10 kg.Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved two groups of patients of less than 10 kilos: Open (group 1) and laparoscopic (group 2), operated between 2005 and 2011. We analyzed demographic data, resolution of hydronephrosis (anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis or DAP), complications of surgery, ultrasound and MAG3 pre and post surgery. Results: 34 patients were included. Both groups statistically comparable to each other. In group 1 there were 25 patients, average age of 3.7 months (r 1-12), 16 units were left, average weight 7 kg (r 3,8-10), anteroposterior renal pelvis diameter (DAP) pre-surgery 35,5 mm (r 10-73) and 13,9 mm after surgery (r 3-31), MAG 3 was 37 percent pre-surgery and 38 percent post-surgery, the average operative time was 95 minutes (r 60-170) , one patient had urinoma after surgery, and 3 required reoperation. In group 2, there were 9 patients, average age 7 months (r 1-11), 3 units were right, DAP was 32 mm pre-surgery (r 17-45) and 13.7 mm after surgery (r 7-24), MAG3 38 percent pre and 39 percent operative time was 153 min (r 90-210) without complications...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Laparoscopia , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgia , Pelve Renal/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hidronefrose/cirurgia , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Obstrução Ureteral/complicações , Duração da Cirurgia
9.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(1): 40-42, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774006

RESUMO

Introducción: Existen situaciones en la práctica urológica, en que el daño al aparato esfinteriano, uretra o vejiga obliga a recurrir a algún mecanismo que permita derivar un reservorio o vejiga ampliada hacia la pared abdominal. Para ello, es posible realizar ostomías continentes, con distintos segmentos intestinales, para autocateterismo intermitente limpio. La técnica de Yang-Monti presenta ventajas con respecto a otras ostomías, como el uso de un segmento intestinal pequeño, la mayor facilidad en ubicar y fijar la ostomía. Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de la técnica de Yang-Monti para cateterismo intermitente limpio, su evolución a través del tiempo y sus principales complicaciones según la casuística de nuestro centro. Materiales y Método: Estudio observacional retrospetivo. Revisión de 31 casos de ostomías continentes para cateterismo intermitente con la técnica de Yang-Monti desde enero de 1996 a septiembre del 2011. Se evalúa el diagnóstico etiológico, segmento intestinal del reservorio, ubicación del extremo distal de la ostomía y sus respectivas complicaciones precoces, tardías y estado al final del seguimiento. Resultado: En relación al segmento intestinal utilizado para reservorio, en 14 casos (45 por ciento) se utilizó colon sigmoides, en 9 (29 por ciento) íleon y en 8 transverso (26 por ciento). Con respecto al lugar en que fue exteriorizado el conducto de Yang-monti, en 19 casos (61por ciento) fue al ombligo y en 12 (39 por ciento) a fosa iliaca. Hubo complicaciones precoces (antes de 3 meses) en 8 pacientes (25 por ciento), de los cuales 4 (12,9 por ciento) requirieron reintervención, 3 de estos fallecen precozmente a consecuencia de la cirugía, presentando los diagnósticos de evisceración, obstrucción intestinal e infección de herida operatoria...


Introduction: There are situations in urological practice, in that the damage to the sphincter apparatus, urethra or bladder makes it necessary to use some mechanism to derive an enlarged reservoir or bladder to the abdominal wall. It is therefore possible to use different intestinal segments as continente ostomies for intermittent self cathetherisation. Yang Monti technique presents advantages over other ostomies: use of a small intestinal segment, easier placement and fixation. Objective: To describe the experience of the Yang-­‐Monti technique for clean intermittent catheterization, its evolution over time and its major complications in our center. Materials and Methods: Observational retrospective study. Review of 31 cases of Yang‐Monti intermittent catheterization continente ostomies from January 1996 to September 2011. Etiologic diagnosis, intestinal segment of the reservoir, location of the distal end of the ostomy and their early and late complications, and follow-­‐up status are evaluated. Results: Regarding the intestinal segment used for reservoir: in 14 cases (45 percent) was used sigmoid colon, in 9 ileum (29 percent) and in 8 transverse colon (26 percent). The Yang‐Monti was externalized in the navel in 19 cases (61 percent) and in iliac fossa 12 (39 percent)...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Cateterismo Urinário/métodos , Estomas Cirúrgicos , Estomia/métodos , Incontinência Urinária/terapia , Derivação Urinária , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
Rev. chil. urol ; 77(2): 98-104, 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-783393

RESUMO

El rabdomiosarcoma (RMS) representa el 3° tumor sólido extracraneal pediátrico. El uso de braquiterapia nos ha dado una nueva herramienta en el tratamiento de esta patología. En este trabajo queremos reportar la experiencia del uso de cirugía más conservadora asociada a braquiterapia en pacientes con RMS urológicos. Método: Revisión de todos los casos del año 2004-2011 de RMS urológicos manejados con braquiterapia postoperatoria y/o intraoperatoria, asociado a quimioterapia (QMT) preoperatoria. Resultados: En los 8 años de estudio hubo 6 RMS; se incluyen 5pacientes dado que uno fue RMS testicular que no requirió radioterapia. Caso 1: Masculino de 2 años RMS embrionario Grupo IV Estadio 4 de próstata, con QMT según protocolo y braquiterapia en la semana 24 de QMT. Lleva 76 meses libre de enfermedad. Caso 2: Masculino de 5 años, RMS embrionario Grupo lll Estadio 2 en vejiga, con QMT preoperatoria (12 semanas), cirugía con resección de tumor en cara anterior de vejiga y braquiterapia; completó esquema QMT. Lleva 30 meses libre de enfermedad, sin alteraciones miccionales. Caso 3: Masculino de 7 años, RMS embrionario Grupo lll Estadio 3 de próstata, con QMT según protocolo y braquiterapia en la semana 22 de QMT. Lleva 17meses libre de enfermedad, función vesical e intestinal normal. Caso 4: Femenino de 4 años, RMSbotroide Grupo lll Estadio 1 de vagina, con quimioterapia preoperatoria (12 semanas), cirugia y braquiterapia postquirúrgica, completó esquema de QMT. Lleva 4 meses libre de enfermedad, sin alteración miccional ni intestinal. Caso 5: Femenino de 2 años, RMS embrionario Grupo lll Estadio 3de psoas con compromiso de vejiga, con cirugía, QMT según protocolo y radioterapia externa; pre-sentó recidiva local, por lo que inicia QMT, cirugía resectiva del tumor en cara posterior de vejiga y uréter derecho + radioterapia intraoperatoria con cono. Lleva 2 meses libre de enfermedad. Sin alteración miccional ni intestinal...


The rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) represents the 3m’ extracraneal solid tumor in children. Brachytherapy use has given a new tool in this disease treatment. In this investigation we want to report the experience of conservative surgery associated to brachytherapy in patients with urological RMS. Method: Retrospective review of all the urological RMS cases between the years 2004-2011managed with postoperative and or intraoperative brachytherapy, associated to preoperative chemotherapy ( CM T). Results: ln a 8 year period there were 6 RMS; 5 are included because one case was a testicular RMS that did not required radiotherapy. Case 1: Two years old male children, prostatic group l V stage 4 embryonal RMS, with CMT according to protocol and brachytherapy in the 24”’ week of CMT Has been 76 months free of disease. Case 2: Five years old boy, bladder group lll stage 2embryonal RMS, with preoperative CMT (12 weeks), surgery including resection of tumor in the bladder anterior wall and brachytherapy,‘ Completed CMT protocol. Has been 30 months free of disease, without voiding disorders. Case 3: Seven years old boy, prostatic group lll stage 3 embryonal RMS, with CMT according to protocol and brachytherapy in 22'“ CMT week. Has been 17 months free of disease, normal bladder and intestinal function. Case 4: Four years old girl, vagina group lll stage 1botyroid RMS, with preoperative CMT (12 weeks), resective surgery and post-operative brachytherapy, completed CMT according to protocol. Has been 4 months free of disease, without voiding or intestinal disorders. Case 5: Two years old girl, psoas compromising bladder group llI stage 3 embryonal RMS, with surgery, CMT according to protocol and external radiotherapy. Presented local recurrence reason why initiates new CMT protocol, resective posterior wall bladder and right ureter surgery intraoperative radiotherapy cone. Has been 2 months free of disease. Without voiding or intestinal...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Braquiterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Urológicas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Urológicas/radioterapia , Rabdomiossarcoma/cirurgia , Rabdomiossarcoma/radioterapia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Urológicas/tratamento farmacológico , Rabdomiossarcoma/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia Combinada
11.
Arch Esp Urol ; 63(4): 297-301, 2010 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20508307

RESUMO

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: With the increased use of minimally invasive surgery, the urethral diverticulum after anorectal surgery has become an issue. The few cases reported have been managed by surgical excision. We hereby report a case of urethral diverticulum after a laparoscopically-assisted anorectal pull-through (LAARP)procedure with a successful outcome after a period of active surveillance. METHODS: A full-term boy who displayed a high anorectal malformation (ARM) and a rectoprostatic fistula underwent colostomy on the first day. He also showed associated malformations: bilateral low-grade reflux, horseshoe kidney and thoracic hemivertebrae; however, there were no signs of spinal cord tethering. Antimicrobial prophylaxis was started. RESULTS: At the age of 3 months, he underwent a LAARP with a 3 abdominal-port approach. After complete dissection of the distal bowel, the recto-prostatic fistula was identified and tied with metallic clips. A 10 mm trocar was inserted through the centre of the sphincteric complex, which had been previously identified under laparoscopic view during perineal electrical stimulation. The anorectal pull-through was accomplished without tension. The bladder remained stented for 14 days. On the 18th postoperative day, a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) showed a 15 X 5 mm image of the diverticulum at the level of the membranous urethra. After 6 months, a new VCUG showed a normal urethra with neither signs of the diverticulum nor strictures; persistence of grade 2 reflux on the right side and resolution of the reflux on the left. When the boy was one year old his colostomy was closed uneventfully. Six months later he had not come into the emergency since the operation and voided with a normal flow. CONCLUSION: This report suggests that LAARP is a feasible approach for ARM, although urethral diverticulum is a major concern. It may evolve without complications, and eventually resolve spontaneously. Active surveillance might be an option in selected asymptomatic patients; however a longer follow-up is advised to constitute better evidence supporting that policy.


Assuntos
Canal Anal/anormalidades , Canal Anal/cirurgia , Divertículo/cirurgia , Laparoscopia , Reto/anormalidades , Reto/cirurgia , Doenças Uretrais/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Divertículo/etiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Doenças Uretrais/etiologia
12.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 63(4): 297-301, mayo 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-87777

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Con el uso cada vez mayor de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva, el divertículo uretral tras la cirugía anorectal se ha convertido en un problema. Los pocos casos descritos se han manejado con extirpación quirúrgica. Nosotros describimos un caso de divertículo uretral tras descenso anorectal asistido por laparoscopía (DARAL) con un resultado exitoso despues de un período de vigilancia activa.MÉTODO: Se trata de un paciente de sexo masculino, nacido a término, portador de una malformación anorectal (MAR) alta con fístula recto-prostática fue sometido a una colostomía el primer día de vida. También portador de malformaciones asociadas; reflujo bilateral de bajo grado, riñón en herradura y una hemi-vértebra torácica; sin embargo, sin signos de médula anclada. Se inició profilaxis antibiótica.RESULTADOS: A los 3 meses de edad, fue sometido a un DARAL con un abordaje abdominal de 3 puertos. Despues de la completa disección del intestino distal, la fístula recto-prostática fue identificada y ligada con clips metálicos. Un trocar de 10mm fue insertado a través del centro del complejo esfinteriano, que fue previamente identificado bajo visión laparoscópica durante la estimulación eléctrica perineal. El descenso anorectal se llevó a cabo sin tensión. La vejiga permaneció drenada con catéter uretral por 14 días. En el 18º día post-operatorio, una cistografía miccional mostró una imagen diverticular de 15 x 5mm a nivel de la uretra membranosa. Despues de 6 meses, una nueva cistografía miccional mostró una uretra normal sin signos de divertículo ni estenosis; persistencia de reflujo grado 2 a derecha y resolución de reflujo a izquierda. Al año de vida la colostomía fue cerrada sin problemas. Seis meses después, se ha mantenido libre de infección urinaria y su micción es con flujo normal(AU)


CONCLUSIÓN: Este artículo sugiere que el DARAL es un abordaje factible para MAR, aunque el divertículo uretral es una de las principales preocupaciones. Puede evolucionar sin complicaciones, y eventualmente resolverse en forma espontánea. La vigilancia activa puede ser una opción en pacientes asintomáticos seleccionados, sin embargo se recomienda un mayor seguimiento para constituir una mejor evidencia que apoye esta medida(AU)


OBJECTIVES: With the increased use of minimally invasive surgery, the urethral diverticulum after anorectal surgery has become an issue. The few cases reported have been managed by surgical excision. We hereby report a case of urethral diverticulum after a laparoscopically-assisted anorectal pull-through (LAARP)procedure with a successful outcome after a period of active surveillance.METHODS: A full-term boy who displayed a high anorectal malformation (ARM) and a recto-prostatic fistula underwent colostomy on the first day. He also showed associated malformations: bilateral low-grade reflux, horseshoe kidney and thoracic hemivertebrae; however, there were no signs of spinal cord tethering. Antimicrobial prophylaxis was started.RESULTS: At the age of 3 months, he underwent a LAARP with a 3 abdominal-port approach. After complete dissection of the distal bowel, the recto-prostatic fistula was identified and tied with metallic clips. A 10 mm trocar was inserted through the centre of the sphincteric complex, which had been previously identified under laparoscopic view during perineal electrical stimulation. The anorectal pull-through was accomplished without tension. The bladder remained stented for 14 days. On the 18th postoperative day, a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) showed a 15 X 5 mm image of the diverticulum at the level of the membranous urethra. After 6 months, a new VCUG showed a normal urethra with neither signs of the diverticulum nor strictures; persistence of grade 2 reflux on the right side and resolution of the reflux on the left. When the boy was one year old his colostomy was closed uneventfully. Six months later he had not come into the emergency since the operation and voided with a normal flow(AU)


CONCLUSION: This report suggests that LAARP is a feasible approach for ARM, although urethral diverticulum is a major concern. It may evolve without complications, and eventually resolve spontaneously. Active surveillance might be an option in selected asymptomatic patients; however a longer follow-up is advised to constitute better evidence supporting that policy(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Divertículo/complicações , Divertículo/diagnóstico , Divertículo/patologia , Uretra/anatomia & histologia , Uretra/patologia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/diagnóstico , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/patologia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/cirurgia
13.
Arch Esp Urol ; 62(9): 724-30, 2009 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19955597

RESUMO

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: The best time to perform a genitoplasty in a Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) girl is an issue that has been discussed extensively. The purpose of this study is to find criteria that may help in the decision. METHODS: Charts of all patients with diagnosis of CAH with 21 Hydroxylase deficit who underwent genitoplasty in our institution were reviewed (Jan 1996-Dec 2006). Demographic data, surgery performed and outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: In the 10 year-period, 25 patients fit the inclusion criteria; 22 had complete data. All patients were classified based on Prader's criteria; Prader 2 (n=3), Pra der 3 (n=13) and Prader 4 (n=6). Mean age at first surgery was 13.5 months (range 2-89 m). In Prader 2 patients, a reduction clitoroplasty with a "cut back" vaginoplasty was performed with no complications. All patients in the Prader 3 group underwent a reduction clitoroplasty. A vaginoplasty was done in 9/13; 5/9 at the same surgery session (4 stenotic) and the other 4 in a 2nd stage with good results; vaginoplasty is still pending for the other 4 girls. In the Prader 4 group, a vaginoplasty pull-through was performed in 4/6 using the posterior sagital approach; one at the reduction clitoroplasty stage which ended stenotic and need dilatations, and the other 3 in a 2nd surgery with a good outcome. The other 2/6 girls are awaiting a vaginoplasty. 22/22 had acceptable results after a mean follow-up of 63 months (range 12-144). CONCLUSIONS: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) shows different approaches may be used for different degrees of virilization. For less severe cases (Prader 3) a cut-back may be the surgery of choice for vaginoplasty, while in the more complex cases a flap with pull-through or a posterior sagital procedure could be useful. Based on this series, we recommend performing vaginoplasty in a 2nd stage surgery, avoiding complications and further procedures such as di lactations.


Assuntos
Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congênita/cirurgia , Genitália Feminina/cirurgia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/métodos , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
14.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 62(9): 724-730, nov. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73665

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: El mejor momento para realizar una genitoplastia en una niña con Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congénita (HSRC) es un tema que ha sido debatido ampliamente. El objetivo de este estudio es encontrar un criterio que pueda ayudar en esta decisión.MÉTODO: Se revisaron los datos de todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de HSRC con déficit de 21 Hidroxilasa que se sometieron a genitoplastia en nuestra institución (Enero 1996-Diciembre 2006). Se analizaron datos demográficos, cirugía realizada y resultados.RESULTADOS: En el periodo de 10 años, 25 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión; 22 tenían datos completos. Todos los pacientes fueron clasificados basándose en los criterios de Prader; Prader 2 (n=3), Prader 3 (n=13) y Prader 4 (n=6). El promedio de edad al momento de la primera cirugía fue 13.5 meses (rango 2-89m). En los pacientes Prader 2, una clitoroplastia de reducción con una vaginoplastia “cut back” fue realizada sin complicaciones. Todos los pacientes del grupo Prader 3 se sometieron a una clitoroplastia de reducción. Una vaginoplastia fue hecha en 9/13; 5/9 en la misma sesión quirúrgica (4 estenóticas) y los otros 4 en un segundo tiempo, con buenos resultados; en las otras 4 niñas la vaginoplastia está aún pendiente. En el grupo Prader 4, una vaginoplastia “pull-through” fue realizada en 4/6 usando un abordaje sagital posterior; uno al momento de la clitoroplastia de reducción, con resultados estenóticos y necesidad de dilataciones, y los otros 3 en una segunda cirugía con buenos resultados. Las otras 2/6 niñas están esperando una vaginoplastia. 22/22 tiene resultados aceptables luego de un periodo de seguimiento de 63 meses (rango 12-144m)(AU)


CONCLUSIONES: La Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congénita (HSRC) muestra diferentes grados de virilización, por lo tanto distintos abordajes pueden ser utilizados. Para los casos menos severos (Prader <3) un “cut-back” puede ser la cirugía de elección para una vaginoplastia, mientras en los casos más complejos un colgajo con “pull-through” o un procedimiento sagital posterior puede ser útil. Basado en esta serie, nosotros recomendamos realizar una vaginoplastia en un segundo tiempo quirúrgico, evitando complicaciones y procedimientos adicionales como las dilataciones(AU)


OBJECTIVES: The best time to perform a genitoplasty in a Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) girl is an issue that has been discussed extensively. The purpose of this study is to find criteria that may help in the decision.METHODS: Charts of all patients with diagnosis of CAH with 21 Hydroxylase deficit who underwent genitoplasty in our institution were reviewed (Jan 1996-Dec 2006). Demographic data, surgery performed and outcomes were analyzed.RESULTS: In the 10 year-period, 25 patients fit the inclu sion criteria; 22 had complete data. All patients were classified based on Prader’s criteria; Prader 2 (n=3), Pra der 3 (n=13) and Prader 4 (n=6). Mean age at first surgery was 13.5 months (range 2-89m). In Prader 2 patients, a reduction clitoroplasty with a “cut back” vaginoplasty was performed with no complications. All patients in the Prader 3 group underwent a reduction clitoroplasty. A vaginoplasty was done in 9/13; 5/9 at the same surgery session (4 stenotic) and the other 4 in a 2nd stage with good results; vaginoplasty is still pending for the other 4 girls. In the Prader 4 group, a vaginoplas ty pull-through was performed in 4/6 using the poste rior sagital approach; one at the reduction clitoroplasty stage which ended stenotic and need dilatations, and the other 3 in a 2nd surgery with a good outcome. The other 2/6 girls are awaiting a vaginoplasty. 22/22 had acceptable results after a mean follow-up of 63 months (range 12-144).CONCLUSIONS: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) shows di fferent approaches may be used for different degrees of virilization. For less severe cases (Prader <3) a cut-back may be the surgery of choice for vaginoplasty, while in the more complex cases a flap with pull-through or a posterior sagital procedure could be useful. Based on this series, we recommend performing vaginoplasty in a 2nd stage surgery, avoi ding complications and further procedures such as dilatations(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congênita/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Seleção de Pacientes , Genitália Feminina/anormalidades , Oxigenases de Função Mista/deficiência
15.
Arch Esp Urol ; 61(6): 691-4, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18705189

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To compare three different surgical approaches for the performance of varicocelectomy in the pediatric population, analyzing their effectiveness and secondary complications. METHODS: Over an eight year period 90 varicocelectomies were performed in 89 children with a mean age of 12 years (range 8-16). Patients were divided into three groups, in 21 cases laparoscopic approach was performed (Group 1), in 55 the Palomo's retroperitoneal approach (Group 2) and inguinal approach in 14 cases (Group 3). Preoperative demographic characteristics, and intraoperative data, followup and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: Age, indication and follow-up time were similar in all three groups. Average surgical time were 36 minutes,34 minutes and 30 minutes respectively. Recurrences appeared in one (4%), 5 (9%) and 0 patients respectively. Postoperative hydrocele requiring surgical treatment appeared in 2 (9%), 4 (7%) and 0 respectively, with an incidence of hydrocele of 2 cases (9%), 5 (9%) and 1 (7%) which resolved during follow-up. One patient presented bleeding at the site of trocar insertion which was solved intraoperatively, and another patient in the laparoscopy group had a wound infection. CONCLUSIONS: Comparisons between the three groups reveal that there were not significant differences, although the results were somewhat better in the inguinal approach group. Any technique has adequate results, with a total recurrence rate in our series of 6%, and 6% of hydroceles. The development of methods that will make possible to diminish hydrocele, such as lymphatic preservation, will give better general results.


Assuntos
Varicocele/cirurgia , Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos Masculinos/métodos
17.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 61(6): 691-694, jul.-ago. 2008. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-66693

RESUMO

Objetivo: Comparar tres diferentes abordajes para la realización de varicocelectomia en la población pediátrica, analizando su efectividad y complicaciones secundarias. Métodos: En 8 años 90 varicocelectomias fueron realizadas en 89 niños con una media de edad de 12 años (Rango 8-16). Los pacientes se dividieron en 3 grupos, en 21 casos se realizo laparoscópico (Grupo 1), en 55 abordaje retroperitoneal de palomo (Grupo 2) y en 14 casos abordaje inguinal (grupo 3). Se analizaron características demográficas prequirúrgicas, datos intraoperatorios, seguimiento y complicaciones. Resultados: La edad, la indicación y el tiempo de seguimiento fueron similares en los tres grupos. El tiempo quirúrgico fue en promedio de 36 min, 34 min y 30 min en cada uno de los grupos. Recurrencias se presentaron en 1(4%), 5(9%) y 0 respectivamente. Hidrocele postoperatorio que requirió manejo quirúrgico se presento en 2(9%), 4(7%), 0 respectivamente y en 2(9%), 5(9%), 1(7%) se presentaron hidroceles en cada grupo los cuales resolvieron con el tiempo de seguimiento. Se presento en un paciente sangrado del sitio de inserción del trocar el cual se resolvió intraoperatoriamente y en un caso infección de herida quirúrgica en el grupo de laparoscopia. Conclusiones: La comparación de los tres grupos revela que no se presentaron diferencias significativas aunque se presentaron algunos resultados mejores con el inguinal. Cualquier técnica realizada provee resultados adecuados y en nuestra serie se presento recurrencia total del 6% e hidrocele del 6%. El desarrollo de métodos que permitan disminuir el hidrocele como la preservación linfática podrá dar mejores resultados generales (AU)


Objectives: To compare three different surgical approaches for the performance of varicocelectomy in the pediatric population, analyzing their effectiveness and secondary complications. Methods: Over an eight year period 90 varicocelectomies were performed in 89 children with a mean age of 12 years (range 8-16). Patients were divided into three groups, in 21 cases laparoscopic approach was performed (Group 1), in 55 the Palomo's retroperitoneal approach (Group 2) and inguinal approach in 14 cases (Group 3). Preoperative demographic characteristics, and intraoperative data, follow-up and complications were analyzed. Results: Age, indication and follow-up time were similar in all three groups. Average surgical time were 36 minutes,34 minutes and 30 minutes respectively. Recurrences appeared in one (4%), 5 (9%) and 0 patients respectively. Postoperative hydrocele requiring surgical treatment appeared in 2 (9%), 4 (7%) and 0 respectively, with an incidence of hydrocele of 2 cases (9%), 5 (9%) and 1 (7%) which resolved during follow-up. One patient presented bleeding at the site of trocar insertion which was solved intraoperatively, and another patient in the laparoscopy group had a wound infection. Conclusions: Comparisons between the three groups reveal that there were not significant differences, although the results were somewhat better in the inguinal approach group. Any technique has adequate results, with a total recurrence rate in our series of 6%, and 6% of hydroceles. The development of methods that will make possible to diminish hydrocele, such as lymphatic preservation, will give better general results (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Masculino , Varicocele/diagnóstico , Varicocele/cirurgia , Hidrocele Testicular/complicações , Hidrocele Testicular/diagnóstico , Cuidados Intraoperatórios/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Varicocele/complicações , Laparoscopia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/instrumentação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/tendências , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos Masculinos/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico
18.
Arch Esp Urol ; 61(4): 507-10, 2008 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18592768

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Classically, the diagnosis of ectopic ureter was done in grown up girls due to urinary incontinence, today the diagnoses are more precocious, which has partially changed treatment. The objective of this paper is to perform a review of our experience over the last years and to correlate it with the current type of presentation. METHODS: We studied all patients with the diagnosis of ectopic ureter in a period of 10 years, between 1997 and December 2006. Demographic characteristics, type of presentation, diagnostic tests performed, age at the time of diagnosis and treatment were all analyzed, altogether with the different techniques employed for treatment. RESULTS: We found 19 patients with this disease, 15 of them females. Type of presentation was febrile urinary tract infection in 13 patients, urinary incontinence in two, and prenatal diagnosis of hydronephrosis in 4. Sixteen children had double pyeloureteral systems and only three had single systems. In all cases the diagnosis was performed with renal-bladder ultrasound, urethrocystogram and endoscopic studies. Additional studies such as excretion pyelograms were performed in 8 patients at the start of the series and nuclear medicine tests in 17. Median age at the time of diagnosis was eight months. All patients underwent surgical treatment. In patients with double systems superior heminephroureterectomy was performed in 8 patients, vesicoureteral reimplantation in three and pyelopyelic anastomosis in three cases with upper pole remnant function. In another two cases nephroureterectomy was performed due to the presence of reflux to the lower or system and severe renal compromise. In all three cases with single systems ureter reimplantation was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Currently prenatal suspicion and adequate study of urinary tract infections enable confirmation of ectopic ureter. Few children debut with urinary incontinence currently, due to the precocity of diagnosis. Treatment is always surgical, and basically depends on renal function, and the presence or absence of vesicoureteral reflux. Vesicoureteral reimplantation is performed preferentially in patients with ectopic ureter and a single system, and superior heminephrectomy in those with double systems, leaving the distal ureter of first option.


Assuntos
Ureter/anormalidades , Anormalidades Congênitas/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
19.
Rev. chil. urol ; 72(3): 313-317, 2007. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-545994

RESUMO

Tradicionalmente se evitaba arriesgar un transplante renal en niños con mal funcionamiento de su vía urinaria. Nuestro centro fue pionero en la región en promover el concepto que la ampliación vesical permitiría un transplante renal exitoso. Para evaluar la veracidad de aquel concepto, revisamos todos aquellos niños tranplantados renales (TX) que tuvieron ampliación vesical (AV). Método: Se realizó revisión retrospectiva de fichas clínicas e imágenes radiológicas de todos los pacientes del programa de transplante renal de nuestro hospital en los últimos 22 años. Los criterios de inclusión fueron haber sido transplantado y haber sido operado de AV previo al 31 de diciembre de 2005. Resultados: Entre 1983- 2005 se realizaron 93 TX. De los 80 casos en que se recuperó todos los datos, 16 (20 por ciento) niños recibieron AV; 7 niñas y 9 niños. Edad y peso promedio al momento del TX fue 12 años (rango 6-17a) y 26 kilos (rango 14-41kg) respectivamente. Los diagnósticos urológicos eran vejiga neurogénica (n =8), uropatía obstructiva (n =5) y RVU (n =3). El segmento utilizado para AV fue ureter (n =7), sigmoide sin desmucosar (n =5), sigmoide desmucosado (n =2) e ileon (n =2). 5 pacientes fueron ampliados post TX. Después de un tiempo promedio de seguimiento de 71 meses (rango 12-144m), las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron ITU (n =13), RVU (n =6), litiasis (n =2) y acidosis metabólica (n =1). Se pudo recuperar información urodinamica previo a la ampliación vesical en 9/16 niños y post ampliación en 16/16. La capacidad vesical pre y post- ampliación presentó una mediana de 108 cc (rango 20-250 cc) y 450cc (rango 130-800cc) respectivamente. La acomodación previo a la AV estaba disminuida en 9/9 (<10 ml/cmH2O) y fue buena en 16/16 (>25 ml/cmH2O). La creatinina post-cirugía en promedio era de 1,28 mg/dl (rango 0,4- 2,39 mg/dl). No hubo pérdida del injerto en esta serie, siendo comparable la sobrevida a 5 años con aquellos niños trasplantados sin ampliación...


The traditional thought was that to relate a kidney transplant (KT) and a bladder augmentation (BA) could be risky. Our centre was one of the first in the region to promote the concept that a bladder augmentation would allow a successful KT. The aim of this study is to evaluate the veracity of that concept. Methods: Case note review of all the patients of the Kidney Transplant Programme from our hospital in the last 22 years. Inclusion criteria were to have received a KT and also a BA before december 31st 2005. Results: There were 93 KT between 1983 and 2005. From the 80 cases where data could be recovered, 16(20 percent) had a BA; 7 girls and 9 boys. Age and weight at the transplant time was 12 years (range 6-17 y) and 26 kg (range 14-41 kg) respectively. Urological diagnoses were neurogenic bladder (n =8), obstructive uropathy (n =5) and VUR (n =3). The segment used for BA was ureter (n =7), sigmoid without demucosalized(n =5), demucosalized sigmoid (n =2) and ileum (n =2). 5 patients were augmented after KT. The mean follow-up was 71 months (range 12-144m) and the most frequent complications were UTI (n =13), VUR (n=6), lithiasis (n=2) and metabolic acidosis (n =1). Pre transplant urodynamic data could be recovered in 9/16 cases and post KD in 16/16. Median bladder capacity pre and post transplantation was 108 cc (range 20-250cc) and 450cc (range 130-800cc) respectively. Bladder compliance pre transplant was reduce in 9/9 (<10 ml/cmH2O) and was good in 16/16 (>25 ml/cmH2O). The mean post KT creatinine was1.28 mg/dl (range 0.4-2.39 mg/dl). There was no graft lost in this series, presenting comparable graft survival at 5 years with those cases of KT without BA. Conclusión: Considering that graft survival is similar between those children with and without bladder augmentation, the authors confirm that BA is not a risky procedure for a KT. On the other hand, if 20 percent of the patient of our Kidney Transplant Programme required...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos , Transplante de Rim/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Transplante de Rim/fisiologia , Urodinâmica
20.
Rev. chil. urol ; 72(3): 306-312, 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-545993

RESUMO

La ampliación vesical (AV) con sigmoide desmucosado ha mostrado grandes beneficio como reducción del mucus urinario y sus complicaciones. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar los cambios histológicos que acompañan a esta observación clínica, evaluando las transformaciones del epitelio de revestimiento del parche implantado; en distintos periodos post ampliación. Métodos: En 35 pacientes operados de AV (1998-2005), se realizaron aleatoriamente 24 exámenes endoscópicos con sus respectivas biopsias. La biopsia se tomó en tres puntos distintos del parche de ampliación desmucosado (9-12 y 3hrs). En aquellos niños con cierre de cuello, se utilizó un trocar trans-vesical. Los resultados histopatológicos (HP) se compararon entre diferentes períodos, con mucosa intestinal normal y con 2 biopsias realizadas sin parche desmucosado (>10 años). Resultados: La edad promedio al momento de la biopsia fue de 12 años (rango 4 a 15). El periodo de toma de biopsia tiene una mediana de 39 meses (rango 12-84 meses) post ampliación. La descripción macroscópica mostró dos grupos; en el periodo menor a 3 años el intestino se ve recubierto con urotelio con algunas zonas de mucosa intestinal (“estrellado”), y en muestras mayores a 3 años el parche estaba completamente cubierto con mucosa intestinal pero más pálido. La HP de las biopsias efectuadas precozmente (< 36 meses) demostraron que el implante presenta mayoritariamente urotelio con pequeñas “estrellas” de mucosa sigmoidea normal con algunas glándulas atróficas. En la totalidad de las muestras > 36 meses se informó parche recubierto mayoritariamente con mucosa sigmoidea con glándulas rodeadas por tejido fibroso, mayoritariamente atróficas y ausencia de urotelio. En los 2 pacientes con ampliación vesical sin parche desmucosado las glándulas intestinales mostraron estructura normal. Conclusión: Podría plantearse la existencia de un fenómeno de regeneración y expansión de mucosa histológicamente...


Bladder augmentation (BA) using demucosalized sigmoid has showed excellent benefices as mucus reduction and its complications. The aim of this study is to determinate the histological changes of this clinical observation, evaluating the coating epithelium of the patch in different periods postaugmentation. Methods: There were 24 random endoscopies exams and biopsies performed in 35 cases who underwent a BA between 1998 and 2005. Biopsy was done in 3 different points of the augmentedpatch (9-12-3 o’clock). In those children with bladder neck surgery a trans-vesical trocar was used. Histopathology (HP) results were compared among different post augmented periods, with normal intestinal mucosa and with biopsies done in 2 cases of BA where sigmoid without demucosalized was used (>10 years). Results: The mean age at biopsy was 12 years (range 4-15 y) and the period of biopsy has a median post BA of 39 months (range 12-84 m). Macroscopic description showed 2 groups; one (< 3 years) where the intestine was covered by urothelium with some small areas of intestinal mucosa (“stars”), and the other over 3 years where the patch was covered completely with intestinal mucosa. HP results in the early biopsies (< 36 months) showed that the patch was mostly covered with urothelium with some small “stars” of sigmoid mucosa, but with atrophic glands. In the group > 36 months the patch was mostly covered with intestinal mucosa with atrophic glands surrounded by fibrotic tissue and no signs of urothelium. In the 2 cases of BA with sigmoid without demucosalized the intestinal glands were completely normal. Conclusion: It could be affirmed that there is a regenerative and expansive process of mucosa histologically similar to a normal sigmoid mucosa (< 3 years), which could begin from intestinal mucosa remnants (“stars”). While the glandular structure would be atrophic in the patch, it was normal in those cases augmented with sigmoid without...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Biópsia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Cistoscopia , Mucosa Intestinal , Período Pós-Operatório , Urotélio , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/cirurgia
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