RESUMO
In the paper there are presented results of the study of the number of compounds of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) emitted into the environment with exhaust gases of road transport. In the composition of the exhaust gases 11000 tons of heavy metal compounds and 49.8 tons of highly toxic of PAHs in the soil were established to annually be emitted into the ambient air of St. Petersburg. There was justified the application of the method of the emission inventory of pollutants into the atmosphere from the combustion of the fuel of vehicles. There was established the quantity of PAH and metals emitted to the environment in dependence on the intensity of the traffic flow. The implementation of results of the study will allow to improve the quality of the sanitary and epidemiological surveillance in the territories of the cities with the developed road transport industry.
Assuntos
Metais Pesados , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos , Emissões de Veículos , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Poluentes Atmosféricos/normas , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Humanos , Metais Pesados/análise , Metais Pesados/normas , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análise , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/normas , Saúde Pública/métodos , Saúde Pública/normas , Melhoria de Qualidade , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Saúde da População Urbana/normas , Emissões de Veículos/análise , Emissões de Veículos/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The paper presents the results of a study of the qualitative composition and quantity of pollutants in atmospheric air in the course of operational wear of the road surface, braking system and tire treads of automobiles. On the basis of field research in samples ofatmospheric air ofthe city of St. Petersburg there were identified compounds of heavy metals andpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). There was established the dependence of the level of air pollution on traffic flows in locations of the city. Pollutants were shown to enter the air environment mainly in the form offine dust particles. There was justified the need for the control ofproducts of wear the road traffic complex in the hygienic assessment of the quality of ambient air ofmegalopises.
Assuntos
Poluição do Ar , Poeira/análise , Metais Pesados/análise , Veículos Automotores , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análise , Emissões de Veículos , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Poluição do Ar/análise , Poluição do Ar/prevenção & controle , Poluição do Ar/estatística & dados numéricos , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Humanos , Veículos Automotores/normas , Veículos Automotores/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Pública/métodos , Saúde Pública/estatística & dados numéricos , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Saúde da População Urbana/normas , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Emissões de Veículos/análise , Emissões de Veículos/prevenção & controleRESUMO
North-West State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 191015. There is supposed the method for the assessment of amounts of pollutants released into the environment during the operational wear of tyre treads, brake system of cars and the road pavement. There are presented results of chemical analysis of residues of combustion. The necessity of control of products of work wear of automobile-road complex has been substantiated.
