Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing bacterial peritonitis in 2011-2015 / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing bacterial peritonitis,provide laboratorial guidance for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Pathogenic strains iso-lated from peritoneal fluid specimen of patients with peritonitis in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical Univer-sity in 2011-2015 were collected,performed bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing,distri-bution of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance were analyzed.Results A total of 491 strains were collected,in-cluding 291(59.26%)strains of gram-negative bacilli,196(39.92%)of gram-positive cocci,and 4 (0.82%)of fun-gi.The top 5 pathogens were Escherichia coli (30.14%),coagulase negative staphylococcus(12.22%),Staphylo-coccus aureus (10.39%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.55%),and Enterococcus faecium(6.52%).Antimicrobial re-sistance rates of Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Acinetobacter baumannii ,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem were 4.90%,31.04%,77.28% and 26.27% respectively.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)and methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus(MRNCS)accounted for 56.02% and 70.02%respectively.Conclusion The main pathogens causing bacterial peritonitis are gram-negative bacilli,Escherichia co-li ranks first;resistance of pathogens is serious,standard use of antimicrobial agents should be strengthened to re-duce the emergence of drug-resistant strains.

Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing bacterial peritonitis in 2011-2015 / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing bacterial peritonitis,provide laboratorial guidance for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Pathogenic strains iso-lated from peritoneal fluid specimen of patients with peritonitis in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical Univer-sity in 2011-2015 were collected,performed bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing,distri-bution of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance were analyzed.Results A total of 491 strains were collected,in-cluding 291(59.26%)strains of gram-negative bacilli,196(39.92%)of gram-positive cocci,and 4 (0.82%)of fun-gi.The top 5 pathogens were Escherichia coli (30.14%),coagulase negative staphylococcus(12.22%),Staphylo-coccus aureus (10.39%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.55%),and Enterococcus faecium(6.52%).Antimicrobial re-sistance rates of Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Acinetobacter baumannii ,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem were 4.90%,31.04%,77.28% and 26.27% respectively.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)and methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus(MRNCS)accounted for 56.02% and 70.02%respectively.Conclusion The main pathogens causing bacterial peritonitis are gram-negative bacilli,Escherichia co-li ranks first;resistance of pathogens is serious,standard use of antimicrobial agents should be strengthened to re-duce the emergence of drug-resistant strains.

An analysis on the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among adults in Wenzhou / 预防医学

Objective To learn the prevalence situation of dyslipidemia among adult residents in the southern coastal area, Wenzhou,Zhejiang.Methods Adult residents were chosen by using multi -stage sampling method from 11 counties in Wenzhou in 2013.Questionnaire survey,medical examination,and biochemical detection triglycerides were conducted among the residents.Chi -square test,and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors related to dyslipidemia.Results The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 44.99%(the standardized prevalence rate was 42. 93%),and prevalence rate in women (43.91%)was higher than that in men (45.80%),but the urban(14.26%)and rural(13.83)areas prevalence was not significant.The awareness rate of dyslipidemia was only 21.73%.The prevalence of isolated low HDL -C,high LDL -C,hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia,mixed hyperlipidemia was 13.95%, 10.45%,19.34%,12.98%,4.69%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age, nationality,coronary heart disease,dyslipidemia,family history,aquatic products,milk,pickled products edible frequency,living and working pressure,body mass index,central obesity,hypertension,diabetes were related the prevalence of dyslipidemia,but the risk factors of different lipid fractions were different.Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia has been in a high level among adult residents in Wenzhou,but the awareness rate of dyslipidemia was low. Measures should be Strengthened to prevent dyslipidemia .

Sublingual Immunotherapy for Asthmatic Children Sensitized to House Dust Mite: A Meta-Analysis.

The house dust mite is one of the most common allergens worldwide. There is good evidence that house dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy is efficacious and has long-term benefit in children. However, the evidence of the benefit of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is less convincing. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate that efficacy and safety of dust mite SLIT in children with asthma. Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases until February 2014 were searched. The primary outcome was mean change in asthma symptom score. Secondary outcomes included mean change in serum immunoglobulin G4 (sIgG4), specific Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and medication score. Safety was also assessed. We found that SLIT significantly decreased asthma symptom score (P = 0.007) and increased sIgG4 levels (P = 0.011) greater than control in children (<18 years of age) with asthma. There was no difference between SLIT and control groups in specific D pteronyssinus IgE levels (P = 0.076) and medication score (P = 0.408). The safety profile was similar between groups. Our study indicates that dust mite SLIT therapy was effective in reducing asthma symptoms and in increasing sIgG4 but did not significantly reduce medication scores or specific D pteronyssinus IgE levels. Our findings are not enough to support the use of dust mite SLIT in children with asthma.

[Imaging assessment of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the understanding of recognizing and diagnosis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), imaging assessment of neonates with NEC was analyzed retrospectively. METHOD: Data of 211 cases of NEC were retrospectively collected from the Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between Jan.1(st) 2006-Dec.31(st) 2011. RESULT: Analysis of abdominal X-ray of 211 cases showed that there were 40 cases (19.0%) who had no changes on each X-ray, 47 cases (22.3%) had improvement and 23 cases (10.9%) became worse. In the group of no changes, positive rate with good prognosis was 97.5% and with poor prognosis, it was 2.5%. In the group of improvement, positive rate with good prognosis was 97.9%, and the contrary was 2.1%. Positive rate with good prognosis was 56.5%, and the contrary was 43.5% in worse group. Chi-square analysis of the three groups showed χ(2) = 31.742, P < 0.01. Comparison of detection rate of pneumoperitoneum on abdominal X-ray (16.0%, 12/75) and Doppler US (1.3%, 1/75), χ(2) = 10.191, P < 0.05, portal pneumatosis on abdominal X-ray(1.3%, 1/75) versus Doppler US (12.0%,9/75), χ(2) = 6.857, P < 0.05. Surgical timing mostly corresponded to pneumoperitoneum (OR = 19.543) and intestinal obstruction (OR = 19.527) of abdominal X-ray. The logistic regression equation is y = -2.915-1.588x1+2.972x4+2.973x7 + 1.711x9 (χ(2) = 101.705, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Abdominal X-ray is the most important method of diagnosis of NEC, the group of deterioration of abdominal X-ray has obvious bad prognosis differ from no change group and better group. Comparison with abdominal X-ray and Doppler US, the former in pneumoperitoneum positive rate was higher than the latter, at the same time, portal pneumatosis on Doppler US is more sensitive to abdominal X-ray, the value of two imaging assessments both supplement each other. Surgical timing mostly corresponds to pneumoperitoneum and intestinal obstruction.

Study on the association between DNA double-strand break repair gene NBS1 polymorphisms and susceptibility on lung cancer / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the association between DNA double-strand break repair gene NBS1(nijmegen breakage syndrome gene)polymorphisms and the susceptibility to lung cancer.Methods A case-control study design was applied.PCR-RFLP was used to identify NBS1 polymorphisms among 575 lung cancer cases and 575 controls.Results The frequencies of C/C,C/G and G/G genotypes at NBS1 rs 1805794 site were 25.9%,51.8%,22.3% among controls compared to 20.5%,52.3%,27.1% among cases.There was significant difference between controls and cases(χ~2=6.38,P=0.04).Individuals carrying C/G + G/G genotypes had an increased risk for lung cancer (OR=1.46,95%CI:1.09-1.97)compared to the C/C genotype.The frequencies of G/G,G/C and C/C genotypes at NBS1 rs2735383 site were 37.9%,47.0%,15.1% among controls compared to 35.5%,48.5%,16.0% among cases,with no significant difference between the two groups(χ~2=0.75,P=0.69).Individuals earning Hap4-GC haplotype(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.24-2.31)and Hap4/Hap2 dihaplotype(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.11-2.76)had an increased risk on lung cancer.Joint associations of smoking and the NBS1 polymorphism with the risk of lung cancer were observed(P＜0.05).Conclusion The G/G genotype at NBS1 rs1805794 site and the Hap4-GC haplotype and Hap4/Hap2 dihaplotype from rs1805794 and rs2735383 were both associated with lung cancer.