A CARM1 Inhibitor Potently Suppresses Breast Cancer Both In Vitro and In Vivo.

CARM1, belonging to the protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) family, is intricately associated with the progression of cancer and is viewed as a promising target for both cancer diagnosis and therapy. However, the number of specific and potent CARM1 inhibitors is limited. We herein discovered a CARM1 inhibitor, iCARM1, that showed better specificity and activity toward CARM1 compared to the known CARM1 inhibitors, EZM2302 and TP-064. Similar to CARM1 knockdown, iCARM1 suppressed the expression of oncogenic estrogen/ERα-target genes, whereas activated type I interferon (IFN) and IFN-induced genes (ISGs) in breast cancer cells. Consequently, iCARM1 potently suppressed breast cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. The combination of iCARM1 with either endocrine therapy drugs or etoposide demonstrated synergistic effects in inhibiting the growth of breast tumors. In summary, targeting CARM1 by iCARM1 effectively suppresses breast tumor growth, offering a promising therapeutic approach for managing breast cancers in clinical settings.

CircHIPK3 regulates fatty acid metabolism through miR-637/FASN axis to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The oncogenic role of circRNA in cancers including esophageal cancer (EC) has been well studied. However, whether and how circRNAs are involved in cancer cell metabolic processes remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that circRNA, circHIPK3, is highly expressed in ESCC cell lines and tissues. Knockdown of circHIPK3 significantly restrained cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circHIPK3 was found to act as a ceRNA by sponging miR-637 to regulate FASN expression and fatty acid metabolism in ESCC cells. Anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting circHIPK3 substantially inhibited ESCC both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, these results uncover a modulatory axis constituting of circHIPK3/miR-637/FASN may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC in the clinic.

[Hydrochemical Characteristics and Genesis Mechanism of Groundwater in the Dry Period in the Zhangjiakou Area].

In order to better support the construction of the capital water conservation functional area and ecological environment support area， research on the chemical characteristics of groundwater and its formation mechanism in the dry period in the Zhangjiakou area can provide a great reference for the rational development and utilization of groundwater resources. A total of 41 groups of groundwater samples were collected， and the hydrochemical types， composition characteristics， and control factors of groundwater in the study area were analyzed by using the combined method of descriptive statistical analysis， Piper triplot， correlation analysis， Gibbs plot， and ion ratio. The results showed that the groundwater in the study area was weakly alkaline， with the total hardness and ρ（TDS） ranging from 105.00 mg·L-1 to 1 433.00 mg·L-1 and 137.00 mg·L-1 to 2 286.00 mg·L-1， respectively. The total hardness and TDS mass concentrations of groundwater in the Bashang area were higher than those in the Baxia area. HCO3- and Na+ were the main dominant anions and cations in the groundwater in the study area. The highest overstandard rate of the main components in groundwater was that of total hardness （36.59%）. The overstandard rate and maximum excess multiple of each component in groundwater in the Bashang area were greater than those in the Baxia area. HCO3-Ca·Mg·Na was the main type of groundwater hydrochemistry in the study area， and there was little difference between the Bashang area and the Baxia area. SO42-， Cl-， HCO3-， Na+， and Mg2+ contributed the most to TDS. The chemical characteristics of groundwater were affected by weathering and filtration of rock minerals such as salt rock， albite， and dolomite； cation exchange； and human activities. Evaporative crystallization and atmospheric precipitation contributed to a small part of the main ion source of groundwater in the area. The effect of human activities on groundwater in the Bashang area was greater than that in the Baxia area， and NO3- mainly originated from agricultural activities.

LncRNA LUESCC promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting the miR-6785-5p/NRSN2 axis.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal malignancies with high mortality worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in human cancers, including ESCC. However, the detailed mechanisms of lncRNAs in the regulation of ESCC progression remain incompletely understood. LUESCC was upregulated in ESCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, which was associated with gender, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis of ESCC patients. LUESCC was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of ESCC cells. Knockdown of LUESCC inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigation indicated that LUESCC functions as a ceRNA by sponging miR-6785-5p to enhance NRSN2 expression, which is critical for the malignant behaviors of ESCC. Furthermore, ASO targeting LUESCC substantially suppressed ESCC both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these data demonstrate that LUESCC may exerts its oncogenic role by sponging miR-6785-5p to promote NRSN2 expression in ESCC, providing a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for ESCC patients.

Resveratrol prevents age-related heart impairment through inhibiting the Notch/NF-κB pathway.

Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol compound found in various plants that has been shown to have potential benefits for preventing aging and supporting cardiovascular health. However, the specific signal pathway by which RSV protects the aging heart is not yet well understood. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of RSV against age-related heart injury and investigate the underlying mechanisms using a D-galactose-induced aging model. The results of the study indicated that RSV provided protection against age-related heart impairment in mice. This was evidenced by the reduction of cardiac histopathological changes as well as the attenuation of apoptosis. RSV-induced cardioprotection was linked to a significant increase in antioxidant activity and mitochondrial transmembrane potential, as well as a reduction in oxidative damage. Additionally, RSV inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65), and notch 1 protein were inhibited by RSV, indicating that inhibiting the Notch/NF-κB pathway played a critical role in RSV-triggered heart protection in aging mice. Moreover, further data on intestinal function demonstrated that RSV significantly increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in intestinal contents and reduced the pH value in the feces of aging mice. RSV alleviated aging-induced cardiac dysfunction through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation via the Notch/NF-κB pathway in heart tissue. Furthermore, this therapeutic effect was found to be associated with its protective roles in the intestine.

Interferon-regulatory factor-1 boosts bevacizumab cardiotoxicity by the vascular endothelial growth factor A/14-3-3γ axis.

AIM: Myocardial injury is a significant cause of death. This study investigated the role and underlying mechanism of interferon-regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) in bevacizumab (BVZ)-induced cardiomyocyte injury. METHODS AND RESULTS: HL-1 cells and C57BL/6 mice receiving BVZ treatment were used to establish in vitro and in vivo models of myocardial injury. The relationship between VEGFA and 14-3-3γ was verified through co-immunoprecipitation and Glutathione S Transferase (GST) pull-down assay. Cell viability and apoptosis were analysed by MTT, propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry. The release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cardiac troponins T (cTnT), and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) was measured using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of knocking down IRF1 on BVZ-induced mice were analysed in vivo. IRF1 levels were increased in BVZ-treated HL-1 cells. BVZ treatment induced apoptosis, inhibited cell viability, and promoted the release of LDH, cTnT, and CK-MB. IRF1 silencing suppressed BVZ-induced myocardial injury, whereas IRF1 overexpression had the opposite effect. IRF1 regulated VEGFA expression by binding to its promoter, with the depletion of VEGFA or 14-3-3γ reversing the effects of IRF1 knockdown on the cell viability and apoptosis of BVZ-treated HL-1 cells. 14-3-3γ overexpression promoted cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and reduced the release of LDH, cTnT, and CK-MB, thereby alleviating BVZ-induced HL-1 cell damage. In vivo, IRF1 silencing alleviated BVZ-induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating the VEGFA/14-3-3γ axis. CONCLUSION: The IRF1-mediated VEGFA/14-3-3γ signalling pathway promotes BVZ-induced myocardial injury. Our study provides evidence for potentially new target genes for the treatment of myocardial injury.

T-cell lymphopenia is associated with an increased infecting risk in children after cardiopulmonary bypass.

BACKGROUND: children who undergo CPB operations are at an elevated risk of infection due to immunosuppression. This study aims to investigate the association between lymphopenia following CPB and early postoperative infection in children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis including 41 children under 2 years old underwent CPB. Among them, 9 subjects had an early postoperative infection, and 32 subjects were period-matched without infection. Inflammatory cytokines, serum CRP and PCT values were measured in plasma, additionally, circulating total leucocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations were counted. RESULTS: Infected subjects exhibited significantly higher levels of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1ß and TNF-α, than non-infected subjects after CPB. Additionally, lower absolute number of lymphocyte and their subpopulations CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T-helper cells and CD8+cytotoxic T-cells, were observed in infected subjects. The impairment of T-cells Immune was found to be associated with higher levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-10. The ROC demonstrated that the absolute number of CD3+ T-cells <1934/ul, CD4+ T helper cells <1203/ul and CD8+cytotoxic T-cells <327/ul were associated with early postoperative infection. CONCLUSION: Higher levels of inflammatory cytokines resulted in T-cells lymphopenia after CPB, which significantly increasing the risk of postoperative infection in infants and young children. IMPACT: Infection complications after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pediatric CHD patients are serious issues, identifing the infection from after CPB remains a challenging. CPB can release numerous inflammatory cytokines associated with T cells lymphopenia, which increases the risk of postoperative infection after surgery. Monitoring T cells lymphopenia maybe more beneficial to predict early postoperative infection than C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.

Wheat silage partially replacing oaten hay exhibited greater feed efficiency and fibre digestion despite low feed intake by feedlot lambs.

This study aimed to investigate the feeding effect of wheat silage on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbiota composition in feedlot lambs. Sixty-four male crossbred Chinese Han lambs (BW = 27.8 ± 0.67 kg, 3 months of age) were randomly assigned to four ration groups with wheat silage replacing 0% (WS0), 36% (WS36), 64% (WS64), and 100% (WS100) of oaten hay on forage dry matter basis. The concentrate-to-forage ratio was 80:20 and the feeding trial lasted 52 d. Increasing wheat silage inclusion linearly decreased dry matter intake by 4% to 27% (P < 0.01). However, increasing the wheat silage replacement of oaten hay by no more than 64% improved the feed efficiency by 14% as noted by the feed-to-gain ratio (P = 0.04). Apparent digestibility of organic matter (P < 0.01), neutral detergent fibre (P = 0.04) and acid detergent fibre (P < 0.01) quadratically increased. Ammonia nitrogen (P = 0.01) decreased while microbial protein production (P < 0.01) increased with the increase of wheat silage inclusion. Total volatile fatty acids concentration increased quadratically with the increase of wheat silage inclusion (P < 0.01), and the highest occurred in WS64. The molar proportion of acetate (P < 0.01) and acetate-to-propionate ratio (P = 0.04) decreased while butyrate (P < 0.01) and isovalerate (P = 0.04) increased. Increasing wheat silage inclusion increased the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio by 226% to 357%, resulting in Firmicutes instead of Bacteroidota being the most abundant phylum. The relative abundance of cellulolytic Ruminococcus numerically increased but that of amylolytic Prevotella (P < 0.01) decreased as increasing wheat silage inclusion. Taken together, increasing wheat silage replacement of oaten hay by no more than 64% exhibited greater feed efficiency and fibre digestion despite low feed intake by feedlot lambs due to the change of Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio in the rumen.

Significantly enhanced the light absorption and charge separation of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 by coupling with CdS for high-performance piezo-photocatalysis.

Sodium bismuth titanate (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3, BNT) is a typical lead-free piezoelectric material with perovskite structure, which exhibits great potential as piezo-photocatalyst but limited by the little response on visible light and insufficient carriers for efficient catalytic reactions. Herein, a novel BNT/CdS heterojunction was facilely synthesized by the two-step hydrothermal process for significantly enhanced piezo-photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. The CdS nanoparticles with 35 nm in diameter are uniformly decorated on the highly crystallized BNT spheres. The obtained BNT/CdS heterojunction displays strong absorption of visible light because of the narrow band gap of CdS. Due to the strong built-in electric field under ultrasonic and efficient excitation by visible light, the photogenerated carriers can be efficiently separated at the BNT/CdS interface and migrate to the surface for catalytic reactions. As a result, the BNT/CdS shows much higher piezo-photocatalytic activity than that of BNT and can degrade 99% RhB within 60 min. Meanwhile, the piezo-photocatalytic performance of BNT/CdS is far better than that of individual photocatalysis or piezocatalysis. Moreover, the catalytic experiments in the presence of different scavengers indicate that ·O2- is the predominant active specie. The synthetic process is simple, low-cost, and controllable to produce high-performance BNT/CdS and is believed to show promising application prospect.

Targeting PRMT1-mediated SRSF1 methylation to suppress oncogenic exon inclusion events and breast tumorigenesis.

PRMT1 plays a vital role in breast tumorigenesis; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Herein, we show that PRMT1 plays a critical role in RNA alternative splicing, with a preference for exon inclusion. PRMT1 methylome profiling identifies that PRMT1 methylates the splicing factor SRSF1, which is critical for SRSF1 phosphorylation, SRSF1 binding with RNA, and exon inclusion. In breast tumors, PRMT1 overexpression is associated with increased SRSF1 arginine methylation and aberrant exon inclusion, which are critical for breast cancer cell growth. In addition, we identify a selective PRMT1 inhibitor, iPRMT1, which potently inhibits PRMT1-mediated SRSF1 methylation, exon inclusion, and breast cancer cell growth. Combination treatment with iPRMT1 and inhibitors targeting SRSF1 phosphorylation exhibits an additive effect of suppressing breast cancer cell growth. In conclusion, our study dissects a mechanism underlying PRMT1-mediated RNA alternative splicing. Thus, PRMT1 has great potential as a therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment.

Body mass index, neck circumference, and hypertension: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between BMI combined with neck circumference and the risk of hypertension. Methods: We selected participants from the Kailuan study in 2014 who were normotensive as our research subjects. We compared the risk of hypertension among individuals in group 1 (non-obese with low neck circumference), group 2 (non-obese with high neck circumference), group 3 (obese with low neck circumference), and group 4 (obese with high neck circumference). Results: After a median observation period of 3.86 years, hypertension occurred in 13,383 participants. Subjects in Group 2, 3, and 4 had significantly higher risks of hypertension compared to Group 1, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.066 (95% CI: 1.025, 1.110), 1.322 (95% CI: 1.235, 1.415), and 1.422 (95% CI: 1.337, 1.512), respectively. Additionally, adding BMI to a conventional model had a greater incremental effect on predicting hypertension compared to adding neck circumference alone. However, considering both BMI and neck circumference together further improved the prediction of hypertension. Conclusion: Individuals with both high BMI and high neck circumference face a higher risk of hypertension. Moreover, BMI is a superior predictor of hypertension risk compared to neck circumference, but using both of these measures can further enhance the accuracy of hypertension risk prediction.

White hyacinth bean polysaccharide ameliorates diabetes via microbiota-gut-brain axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Gut played a potent role in onset and progression of metabolic disorders, presenting an exciting direction for diabetes prevention. Here, the anti-diabetic effects of White hyacinth bean polysaccharides (WHBP) were observed, including the reduction of blood glucose levels and improvement of intestinal impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Further data concerning intestinal protection suggested that WHBP restored intestinal barrier, as evidenced by inhibition of intestinal pathological damage, up-regulation of Zonula occluden-1 expression and manipulation of the redox system in T2DM rats. Moreover, WHBP-mediated anti-diabetic effects were in parallel with the adjustment of changes in gut microbiota composition of T2DM rats. Meanwhile, hypersecretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and corticosterone levels, which were critical coordinators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, were suppressed in T2DM rats exposed to WHBP, indicating that WHBP-mediated health benefits were referring to regulate brain feedback in reduction of HPA axis. Concomitantly, further suggested and expanded on gut-brain communication by data of microbial metabolites short-chain fatty acids, mediators of gut-brain interactions, were remarkably raised in cecum contents of T2DM rats subjected to WHBP. Collectively, WHBP performed anti-diabetic effects were associated with control of microbiota-gut-brain axis implicated in intestinal barrier, HPA axis, gut microbiota and their metabolites.

MAVI1, an endoplasmic reticulum-localized microprotein, suppresses antiviral innate immune response by targeting MAVS on mitochondrion.

Pattern recognition receptor-mediated innate immunity is critical for host defense against viruses. A growing number of coding and noncoding genes are found to encode microproteins. However, the landscape and functions of microproteins in responsive to virus infection remain uncharacterized. Here, we systematically identified microproteins that are responsive to vesicular stomatitis virus infection. A conserved and endoplasmic reticulum-localized membrane microprotein, MAVI1 (microprotein in antiviral immunity 1), was found to interact with mitochondrion-localized MAVS protein and inhibit MAVS aggregation and type I interferon signaling activation. The importance of MAVI1 was highlighted that viral infection was attenuated and survival rate was increased in Mavi1-knockout mice. A peptide inhibitor targeting the interaction between MAVI1 and MAVS activated the type I interferon signaling to defend viral infection. Our findings uncovered that microproteins play critical roles in regulating antiviral innate immune responses, and targeting microproteins might represent a therapeutic avenue for treating viral infection.

Small Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Peri-urethral Tissues Regulate Fibroblast Function and Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the existence of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in peri-urethral tissues and the role of abnormal expression of sEVs in the pathogenesis of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS: sEVs were extracted from peri-urethral vaginal wall tissues using differential centrifugation and were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The number of sEVs and their protein contents were compared between SUI and control groups using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay. Fibroblasts were cultured separately with SUI (SsEVs group) and normal tissue sEVs (NsEVs group). Proliferation and migration of fibroblasts were compared between groups using CCK-8 and wound healing assays, respectively. Expression levels of collagen I and III were compared among blank control (BC), NsEVs, and SsEVs groups using real-time PCR. Protein mass spectrometry was used to test the differentially expressed proteins contained in sEVs between groups. RESULTS: sEVs were extracted and found under the electron microscope. There were significantly more sEVs extracted from the SUI group compared to the normal group. Fibroblasts showed increased proliferative and decreased migratory abilities, and expressed more collagen in the SsEVs group compared to the NsEVs and BC groups. Protein spectrum analysis demonstrated several differentially expressed targets, including components of microfibrils, elastin polymer, and anti-inflammatory factors. CONCLUSION: sEVs were detected in the peri-urethral tissues. SUI tissues expressed more sEVs than control. The abnormal expression of sEVs and their protein contents may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of SUI.

[Evaluation and Source Analysis of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in a Planting Area in Wanquan District, Zhangjiakou City].

Taking the soil of a vegetable planting area in Wanquan District of Zhangjiakou City as the research object, 132 surface and 80 deep soil samples were collected to test and analyze the contents of eight heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn and the occurrence forms of Cr and Ni. By applying geostatistical analysis and the PMF receptor model and combining three heavy metal pollution evaluation methods, the spatial distribution characteristics of soil heavy metals in the study area, the degree of heavy metal pollution, and the distribution of Cr and Ni fugitive forms in the vertical layer were clarified, and the sources and contribution rates of soil heavy metal pollution were analyzed. The results showed that the average contents of Cd and Pb in surface soils were higher than the background values of soils in Hebei Province, and the spatial distribution characteristics of Cr, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn in surface soils were similar. The ground accumulation index method showed that the study area was mainly free of pollution, with a small number of lightly polluted sites, and most of them were polluted with Cd. The enrichment factor method showed that the study area was mainly free-weakly polluted, with medium pollution of all elements; the significantly polluted elements in the background area were As, Pb, and Hg, and the significantly polluted element in the key area was Cd. The potential ecological risk index method showed that the study area was mainly lightly polluted, with local distribution. The potential ecological risk index method showed that the study area was mainly lightly polluted, with a local distribution of "medium" and "strong" risk points, with "very strong" risk points for Hg in the background area and "very strong" risk points for Cd in the focus area. These three evaluation results indicated that the background area was dominated by Cd and Hg pollution, whereas the focus area was dominated by Cd pollution. The study on the fugitive morphology of vertical soil showed that Cr was dominated by the residue state (F4) and supplemented by the oxidizable state (F3), and the vertical direction was dominated by the surface aggregation type and supplemented by the weak migration type. Ni was dominated by the residue state (F4) and supplemented by the reducible state (F2), and the vertical direction was dominated by the strong migration type and supplemented by the weak migration type. The sources of heavy metals in the surface soil were divided into three categories; Cr, Cu, and Ni were mainly from natural geological background sources. The contributions of Cr, Cu, and Ni were 66.9%, 66.9%, and 76.1%, respectively. As, Cd, Pb, and Zn were mainly from anthropogenic sources, with contributions of 77.38%, 59.2%, 83.5%, and 59.5%, respectively. Hg was mainly from dry and wet atmospheric deposition, with a contribution of 87.8%.

Effect of continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing on pulmonary function of postoperative patients with lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality among cancers. Surgery is currently one of the primary methods of treating lung cancer. Although it can slow down the progression of the disease by removing the lesion, this invasive surgery inevitably damages the integrity of the patient's chest. Moreover, the patient's pulmonary function may have a low compensatory capacity after surgery, causing various respiratory diseases such as atelectasis, respiratory function decline, and even serious cardiovascular disease. All of these have great negative impacts on the surgical effect and the prognosis of patients. With the continuous exploration and development of nursing, continuous nursing and respiratory exercise nursing have been gradually applied in the nursing of patients after lung cancer surgery, and have achieved good nursing results. AIM: To investigate the effect of continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing on the pulmonary function of postoperative patients with lung cancer. METHODS: A total of 80 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgery in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects. All subjects were randomly divided into the control group (n = 40 cases) and the experimental group (n = 40 cases). Patients with lung cancer in the control group were given conventional nursing after surgery, while the experimental group was given continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing based on conventional nursing. The recovery of pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms was observed before and after 3 mo of intervention in both groups. The pulmonary function parameters, blood gas analysis, MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-lung cancer module (MDASI-LC) scores, incidence of pulmonary complications, and Morisky compliance scores were compared between the two groups before and after 3 mo of intervention. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in pulmonary function and blood gas analysis between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05). 3 mo after the intervention, the pulmonary function parameters in the experimental group (SpO2, VC, MVV, FEV1, FEV1% pred, and FEV1/FVC) were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in blood gas analysis between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05). PaO2 in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and PaCO2 was significantly lower than that in the control group 3 mo after the intervention. The difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05). 3 mo after the intervention, the MDASI score of respiratory symptoms in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the incidence of pulmonary complications was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, the treatment compliance and nursing satisfaction of patients in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing can significantly accelerate the recovery of respiratory function in postoperative lung cancer patients, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications of lung cancer as well as improve the treatment compliance of patients.

[Characteristics and Causes of Ge Enrichment in Vegetable Growing Areas of Beixintun Town, Zhangjiakou City].

The vegetable planting base in the Beixintun area of Zhangjiakou City was selected as the study area, divided into the focus area and regional range as well as the upstream area. A total of 132 surface soil samples, 16 vertical soil profiles, 3 groups of surface profiles, and 4 samples each of colored pepper fruit, purple kale fruit, and corn fruit were collected. From the soil, rock, and crop sample Sc, Cr, Mo, Cd, V, Zn, Sr, Pb, Co Ni, Cu, Ge, and REE on the basis of the referenced germanium (Ge) enrichment standards and enrichment factor levels, it was found that the regional Ge enrichment rate was not high (19.7%), whereas the key area had a high Ge enrichment rate (52%). The spatial distribution of Ge and rare earth elements in the soils of the regional scope and the focal area showed a more obvious consistency, and further comparison of the correlation characteristics of Ge and rare earth elements in soil and crops showed that the ranking of rare earth content was purple kale>colored pepper>maize, whereas the ranking of the Ge element uptake intensity was maize (weak uptake)>purple kale (very weak uptake)>colored pepper (very weak uptake), and there was no obvious synergy between the uptake of Ge and rare earth elements by crops. The PMF and RDA analysis of 28 elements and indicators of soil in the study area showed that the source of regional Ge was dominated by natural geological background factors (66.3%), supplemented by anthropogenic activity-influenced factors (27%) and river deposition factors (6.7%). The source of Ge in the focal area was dominated by natural geological background factors (33.8%) and anthropogenic activity-influenced factors (27.2%), with river sedimentation factors (18.5%) and atmospheric dry and wet deposition factors Ge (20.5%) being supplemented. Soil Ge was positively correlated with rare earth elements and trace elements such as Cd, Zn, Mn, Ni, V, Co, and Cr and negatively correlated with the main elements CNa2[KG-*2/5]O, SiO2, and K2[KG-*2/5]O and pH. Finally, by combining the analysis of soil lateral profiles with vertical profiles, it was found that the Ge migrating from the source area to the area was primarily in the main river pathway, supplemented by the secondary river and flood flow pathways.

Unraveling the intricate cargo-BBSome coupling mechanism at the ciliary tip.

Certain ciliary transmembrane and membrane-tethered signaling proteins migrate from the ciliary tip to base via retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT), essential for maintaining their ciliary dynamics to enable cells to sense and transduce extracellular stimuli inside the cell. During this process, the BBSome functions as an adaptor between retrograde IFT trains and these signaling protein cargoes. The Arf-like 13 (ARL13) small GTPase resembles ARL6/BBS3 in facilitating these signaling cargoes to couple with the BBSome at the ciliary tip prior to loading onto retrograde IFT trains for transporting towards the ciliary base, while the molecular basis for how this intricate coupling event happens remains elusive. Here, we report that Chlamydomonas ARL13 only in a GTP-bound form (ARL13GTP) anchors to the membrane for diffusing into cilia. Upon entering cilia, ARL13 undergoes GTPase cycle for shuttling between the ciliary membrane (ARL13GTP) and matrix (ARL13GDP). To achieve this goal, the ciliary membrane-anchored BBS3GTP binds the ciliary matrix-residing ARL13GDP to activate the latter as an ARL13 guanine nucleotide exchange factor. At the ciliary tip, ARL13GTP recruits the ciliary matrix-residing and post-remodeled BBSome as an ARL13 effector to anchor to the ciliary membrane. This makes the BBSome spatiotemporally become available for the ciliary membrane-tethered phospholipase D (PLD) to couple with. Afterward, ARL13GTP hydrolyzes GTP for releasing the PLD-laden BBSome to load onto retrograde IFT trains. According to this model, hedgehog signaling defects associated with ARL13b and BBS3 mutations in humans could be satisfactorily explained, providing us a mechanistic understanding behind BBSome-cargo coupling required for proper ciliary signaling.

Dietary Guanidine Acetic Acid Addition Improved Carcass Quality with Less Back-Fat Thickness and Remarkably Increased Meat Protein Deposition in Rapid-Growing Lambs Fed Different Forage Types.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether guanidine acetic acid (GAA) yields a response in rapid-growing lambs depending on forage type. In this study, seventy-two small-tailed Han lambs (initial body weights = 12 ± 1.6 kg) were used in a 120-d feeding experiment after a 7-d adaptation period. A 2 × 3 factorial experimental feeding design was applied to the lambs, which were fed a total mixed ration with two forage types (OH: oaten hay; OHWS: oaten hay plus wheat silage) and three forms of additional GAA (GAA: 0 g/kg; UGAA: Uncoated GAA, 1 g/kg; CGAA: Coated GAA, 1 g/kg). The OH diet had a greater dry matter intake, average daily gain, and hot carcass weight than the OHWS diet. The GAA supplementation increased the final body weight, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, and ribeye area in the longissimus lumborum. Meanwhile, it decreased backfat thickness and serum triglycerides. Dietary GAA decreased the acidity of the meat and elevated the water-holding capacity in mutton. In addition, the crude protein content in mutton increased with GAA addition. Dietary GAA (UGAA or CGAA) might be an effective additive in lamb fed by different forage types, as it has potential to improve growth performance and meat quality.