[Soil Enzyme Activity in Picea schrenkiana and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang].

Nitrogen deposition may affect forest soil traits and metabolic activity. We would like to further understand the mechanisms of soil biochemical processes and habitat interactions under conditions of nitrogen deposition in forests and to investigate the characteristics of soil enzyme activities and soil environmental factors in response to nitrogen deposition in Picea schrenkiana forests in the Tianshan Mountains. In this study, nitrogen application tests were carried out using the nitrogen sedimentation gradient method on Picea schrenkiana forest soils in the Tianshan Mountains. We analyzed the characteristics of soil enzyme activity and soil environmental factors at different nitrogen application levels and discussed the correlation between soil enzyme activity and soil environmental factors in conjunction with a redundancy analysis. The study showed that:① Soil enzyme activities showed a tendency to increase and then decrease with the increase in nitrogen application. With the exception of soil acid phosphatase, all enzyme levels reached maximums in the low nitrogen treatment. ② Exogenous nitrogen addition led to low soil pH values, and in the low or medium nitrogen treatments, soil conductivity and the content of organic carbon, ammonium nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and total phosphorus increases, along with the C/N ratio, while the N/P ratio showed an irregular decline. ③ Soil enzymes and their correlation with soil environmental factors showed that soil water content, organic carbon content, ammonium nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, and the C/N ratio were all significantly correlated with soil enzymes activity. Only the C/N ratio was negatively correlated with soil enzyme activity, while all other environmental factors were positively correlated with soil enzyme activity. There was no significant correlation between pH and the N/P ratio and soil enzyme activity. The important factors influencing soil enzyme activity were soil organic carbon and ammonium nitrogen with nitrogen application in Picea schrenkiana, Xinjiang.

Effect of chronic noise exposure on expression of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 2B and Tau phosphorylation in hippocampus of rats / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of chronic noise exposure on expression of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 2B (NR2B) and tau phosphorylation in hippocampus of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four male SD rats were divided in control group and chronic noise exposure group. NR2B expression and tau phosphorylation in hippocampus of rats were detected after chronic noise exposure (100 dB SPL white noise, 4 h/d×30d) and their mechanisms underlying neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus of rats with TUNEL staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The NR2B expression decreased significantly after chronic noise exposure which resulted in tau hyperphosphorylation and neural apoptosis in hippocampus of rats. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tau hyperphosphorylation was most prominent in dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 region of rat hippocampus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The abnormality of neurotransmitter system, especially Glu and NR2B containing NMDA receptor, and tau hyperphosphorylation in hippocampus of rats, may play a role in chronic noise-induced neural apoptosis and cognition impairment.</p>

Treatment of focal bone defect in postoperative nonunion with autologous red bone marrow injection / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effect of autologous red bone marrow injection in treating focal bone defect in postoperative nonunion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirteen patients with focal bone defect in postoperative nonunion (7 cases in tibia, 2 cases in femur, 4 cases in humerus), including 8 males and 5 females with the mean age of 32.5-years-old (ranging from 15 to 60 years). The bone defects were treated with autologous red bone marrow injection (1 time per 2 weeks, 5 times in total) and the X-rays of AP and LP were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirteen patients were followed up from 6 to 12 months with an average of 7.5 months. According to results of X-ray pictures, 13 cases obtained bone defect recovered completely, and the average time of union was 4 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Autologous red bone marrow injection has ascendancy such as less wound and clear clinical effect, which can accelerate bone healing and promotes functional recovery of limb. It is a good method to treat focal bone defect in postoperative nonunion.</p>

Risk factors for capillary leak syndrome in children with tetralogy after operation / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine risk factors of capillary leak syndrome(CLS) in children with tetralogy after operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data were retrospectively collected and analyzed from 32 tetralogy cases with CLS and 50 cases without CLS(control group), who received operation under cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP) in our hospital from October 2002 to December 2006. Risk factors with statistical significance were screened with univariate logistic regression analysis, independent risk factors of CLS were determined with multivariate logistic regression analysis. Postoperative outcome was compared between CLS group and control group.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Logistic analysis showed that the risk factors for CLS were age(OR=6.783), duration of CBP(OR=4.756)and MGoon index (OR=3.826). There were statistical differences in injection of colloid, time of inotropic drugs and ventilation between CLS and control groups(P<0.01). Eight CLS cases underwent peritoneal dialysis and 2 CLS cases died.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The risk factors of CLS in children with tetralogy after CBP are age, duration of CBP and MGoon index.</p>