[Plasminogen activators of urokinase and tissue types and their inhibitor (PAI-1) in cytosol fraction in thyroid diseases]. / Aktivatory plazminogena urokinaznogo i tkanevogo tipov i ikh ingibitor (PAI-I) v tsitozol'noi fraktsii pri zabolevaniiakh shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

Enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) was used to estimate the levels of plasminogen activators of urokinase (uPA) and tissue (tPA) types and one of their inhibitors (PAI-I) in the cytosolic fraction of the thyroid in 129 patients with malignant and benign tumors and various non-cancer diseases of the gland. Tumors from patients with thyroid cancer displayed the lowest levels of tPA and the highest levels of uPA and PAI-I, while those from patients with benign thyroid diseases, including adenoma, had high concentrations of tPA and relatively low levels of uPA and PAI-I in the tissue of the diseased organ. At the same time, the lowest levels of uPA and PAI-I were found in patients suffering from toxic goiter with and without adenomatosis. In terms of uPA and PAI-I levels, patients with nodular colloidal goiter were intermediate between those with toxic goiter and adenoma, on the one hand, and those with thyroid cancer, on the other.

[Prostaglandins E in malignant stomach neoplasms]. / Prostaglandiny serii E v zlokachestvennykh novoobrazovaniiakh zheludka.

Prostaglandins E (PGE) levels in gastric neoplasme have been studied radioimmunologically in 84 patients (aged 31-77) with tumors of different stages. A relationship between PGE level and main clinico-morphological features of tumor has been established. PGE concentration was shown to correlate with age, stage, histological pattern of tumor, cell differentiation and tumor infiltration. The highest PGE concentrations were observed in young patients, low-differentiated adenocarcino, a and pronounced tumor infiltration to adjacent tissues. No correlation has been found between PGE level and sex and tumor localization and size. The PGE level in the intact gastric mucosa was significantly lower in the body of the stomach than in its proximal and upper parts. The results of the investigation suggest a possible use of PGE antagonists for stomach cancer treatment.

[The characteristics of prostaglandin E synthesis in epithelial ovarian tumors]. / Osobennosti sinteza prostaglandinov serii E v épitelial'nykh opukholiakh iaichnikov.

Comparative investigation of prostaglandin E (PGE) levels in primary malignant and benign epithelial tumors, metastases, and normal tissue of the ovaries has revealed more significant variations in PGE levels in malignant tumors than in benign ones. PGE content was reliably higher in adenocarcinomas as against benign tumors and normal ovarian tissue. No noticeable differences in PGE levels of benign tumors and normal tissue were revealed. The possibility of using arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase metabolism blockers in therapy of ovarian carcinoma, besides the common methods of treatment, is discussed.

[The effect of indomethacin and leukinferon on the level of blood plasma thromboxane B2, platelet aggregation and the immune system of patients with endometrial cancer in the perioperative period]. / Vliianie indometatsina i leikinferona na uroven' tromboksana B2 v plasme krovi, agregatsiiu trombotsitov i immunnuiu sistemy bol'nykh rakom endometriia v perioperatsionnom periode.

The perioperative influence of leukinferon, indomethacin and their combination on the blood plasma level of thromboxane B2 (TxB2), platelet aggregation ability and humoral and cellular immunity has been assessed in 40 endometrial cancer patients. It has been found that the perioperative use of indomethacin diminishes the blood plasma level of TxB2 and platelet aggregation ability. Leukinferon did not affect substantially the parameters. However, the combination of leukinferon with indomethacin causes a more stable reduction in platelet aggregation and TxB2 level than the use of indomethacin alone. The use of these drugs and their combination prevented postoperative immune suppression in the endometrial cancer patients. However, leukinferon alone or its combination with indomethacin were more effective than the use of indomethacin alone. Possible mechanisms of indomethacin and leukinferon effect on tumor cell metabolism of arachidonic acid and possible role of eicosanoids in the pathogenetic mechanisms of tumor growth and metastasis dissemination are discussed.

[Sex and pituitary hormone secretion in adolescents with osteogenic sarcoma and retarded sexual development]. / Sekretsiia polovykh i gipofizarnykh gormonov u podrostkov, bol'nykh osteogennoi sarkomoi s zaderzhkoi polovogo razvitiia.

Basal levels of secretion of total testosterone, estradiol-17 beta, their free, albumin-binding and sex steroid-binding globulin (SSBG)--binding fractions, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin and somatotropic hormone were measured in blood serum in the following groups of adolescents: (1) healthy, (2) suffering primary osteogenic sarcoma of the bone, (3) osteogenic sarcoma patients with pubertal retardation, and (4) pubertal retardation. A significant increase in total testosterone fraction, free androgen index and a decrease in blood SSBG level were established in osteogenic sarcoma patients as compared to corresponding controls, irrespective of pubertal status. No difference in the above indexes for estrogens was established between osteogenic sarcoma patients and controls in both pubertal status subgroups. The role of sex steroid hormones, particularly, androgens in the pathogenesis of osteogenic sarcoma is discussed.

[The effect of indomethacin and leukinferon on the thromboxane B2 level in the blood plasma of patients with endometrial cancer in the perioperative period]. / Vliianie indometatsina i leikinferona na uroven' tromboksana B2 v plazme krovi bol'nykh rakom éndometriia v perioperatsionnom periode.

The paper discusses the effect of indomethacin, leukinferon as well as their combined effect on blood thromboxane B2 (TxB2) level in 40 endometrial cancer patients in the perioperative period. Perioperative treatment with indomethacin was followed by a significant decrease in blood TxB2 level before surgery and in the postoperative period. Treatment with leukinferon exerted similar effect which, however, was less pronounced than that of indomethacin. The effect was most apparent when the two drugs were combined. The influence of indomethacin and leukinferon on metabolism of arachidonic acid in tumor cells and those of the immune system of endometrial cancer patients are discussed as well possible role of eicosanoids in the pathogenetic mechanism of growth and dissemination of reproductive tumors.

[The characteristics of eicosanoid synthesis in osteogenic sarcoma in children at puberty]. / Osobennosti sinteza éikozanoidov v osteogennoi sarkome detei v pubertatnom periode.

Levels of prostaglandin E (PGE), prostaglandin F2 alpha, prostacyclin A2, thromboxan B2 and leucotriene B4 assayed radioimmunologically were compared in 42 samples of osteogenic sarcoma and 22 samples of benign tumors and tumor-like lesions from children at the pubertal period. In osteogenic sarcoma samples, PGE and prostaglandin F2 alpha levels were higher than those of thromboxan B2, prostacyclin A2 and leucotriene B4. Osteogenic sarcoma revealed higher levels of the eicosanoids as compared to benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of the bone. An inverse correlation was established between PGE level and time of dissemination of osteogenic sarcoma. The role of eicosanoids in the pathogenesis of growth and dissemination of osteogenic sarcoma is discussed. The use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs in complex treatment of osteogenic sarcoma of children at the pubertal period is suggested.