Serological and molecular study of 20 ABO subgroup samples in Shenyang, including identification of 2 ABO new alleles / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To study the serological characteristics and genetic background of 20 samples with ABO blood group discrepancies in Shenyang. 【Methods】 Serological test, polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) and sequencing of the full coding of ABO gene and the Intron 1 were conducted in 20 samples with ABO blood group discrepancies. 【Results】 Ten subtypes (Am, Bw, Bx, B3,, A2B, AxB, A2Bw, A2Bx, AwB and ABw) were detected in 20 samples, with AB subtype as the dominant. Sixteen ABO alleles were found, including 5 common alleles (A1.01, A1.02, B. 01, O. 01.01 and O. 01.02), nine rare alleles (AW.37, BW.03, BW.08, B3.07, cisAB.02, cisAB.03, cisAB.06, BA.04 and O. 01.04) and two novel alleles (AM.03 and cisAB.07). The AM.03 allele had a nucleotide change at position 912 (C to A) compared with A1.02 allele, which resulted in an amino acid substitution (S304R). The cisAB.07 allele was observed a missense mutation at position 797 (T to C) which resulted in an amino acid substitution (M266R) compared with B. 01 allele. The serologic had been changed, and both A antigen and B antigen were expressed. 【Conclusion】 The study revealed the genetic background of 20 samples with ABO blood group discrepancies, and two new alleles as ABO*AM.03 (912 C to A) and ABO*cisAB.07 (797 T to C) were first reported.

Current situation and discussion on common problems of radiation protection for dental X-ray diagnostic project in 44 dental clinics in Guangdong Province, China / 中国辐射卫生

@#<b>Objective</b> To analyze the relevant measures of radiation protection for dental X-ray diagnostic projects in 44 dental clinics in Guangdong Province, China, and discuss common problems. <b>Methods</b> Based on the three principles of radiation protection, relevant laws, regulations and standards of the state, combined with field investigations and test results of radiation protection, the situation of radiation protection and management was analyzed. <b>Results</b> The layout of 56 dental diagnostic rooms in 44 clinics was (basically) reasonable. The protective performances and quality control tests of 56 dental X-ray diagnostic machines met the standard requirements, and the dose equivalent rate around 56 dental diagnostic rooms was from the background to 1.47 μSv/h, which met the national standard. The coincidence rates of ionizing radiation warning signs, working status indicator lights and door light interlocks, automatic door closing devices, power ventilation devices, and personal protective equipment were from 85.70% to 98.20%. The compliance rates of dental radiologists and full-time (part-time) administrative staffs, occupational health monitoring, management system related to radiation protection, and radiation health files were from 79.5% to 100.0%. <b>Conclusion</b> The current situation of radiation protection and management in the dental X-ray diagnostic room is good, and relevant national regulations and standards should be promulgated or improved to standardize the cone-beam CT quality control testing, dental clinic location requirements, and radiation staff configuration.

Identification of two novel weak D alleles by sequence-based typing / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To study the molecular basis of D variant and explore the molecular genetic mechanism of novel weak D alleles. 【Methods】 Blood samples were screened for D variants by serological method. The nucleotide sequences of coding region were amplified by PCR and sequenced directly, and RHD gene heterozygosity was detected. 【Results】 Weak D phenotype was confirmed by serological test, and two novel alleles were detected by DNA sequencing. The first was novel weak D 1102A allele, 1102G>A mutation in exon 8, resulting in a 368Glu>Arg substitution in two samples. The second was novel weak D 399C allele, carried a 399G>C mutation in exon 3, which led to a 133Lys>Asn substitution. 【Conclusion】 In this study, D variants were detected by sequence-based typing, and two new alleles were identified.

Comparison of occupational health risk rating for benzene and its analogues in an aircraft maintenance enterprise using three risk assessment methods / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the applicability of 3 risk assessment methods to evaluate the occupational health risk of benzene and its analogues in the workplace of an aircraft maintenance enterprise. METHODS: The workshops of compound material,structural and electromechanical involved in exposure of benzene and its analogues in an aircraft maintenance enterprise were chosen as study subjects. The optimal indicator system of risk assessment on occupational chemical hazards( hereinafter referred to as“optimal indicator system”),the Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model and risk index method were used to classify the benzene hazards of 5 operating posts in 3 workshops. The risk stratification results of the 3 assessment methods were compared. RESULTS: The results of optimal indicator system for benzene risk rating was mild risk in all workplaces. The risk classifications for toluene and xylene were light risk. The risk classifications of Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model for benzene,toluene and xylene were all low risk in all workplaces. The risk classifications of risk index method for benzene were all moderate risk in all workplaces. The risk classifications for toluene were harmless in all workplaces. The risk classifications for xylene were mild risk in all workplaces. CONCLUSION: There are differences among the evaluation results of the 3 risk assessment methods. The optimal indicator system could be more suitable for occupational health assessment of benzene and its analogues in aircraft maintenance industries.

Effects of power frequency electromagnetic field on apoptosis of T and B lymphocyte in workers of transformer substation / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of long term exposure to power frequency electromagnetic fields( PFEMF) on apoptotic rates of peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes in workers of transformer substation. METHODS: A random number table method was used to select 73 workers with long-term exposure to PFEMF as exposure group and 70 non-exposure workers( administrative and logistics staffs) were selected as control group from 10 transformer substations in a province.The peripheral venous blood of workers in these two groups was collected,and the apoptosis of T and B lymphocytes were detected and analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The apoptosis rates of T and B lymphocyte between the exposure and non-exposure groups showed no statistical difference( median: 1. 555% vs 0. 790%,0. 020% vs 0. 030%,P > 0. 05).The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that both the PFEMF exposure and length of service had no significant effects on the apoptosis rates of T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte after adjusting confounding factors such as gender,age,alcohol drinking,smoking,medication history,medical radiation exposure and stressful events( P > 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Long-term exposure to PFEMF has no effects on apoptosis of peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes in workers of transformer substation.

Influencing factors of occupational stress in female workers of labor-intensive enterprises / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of occupational stress in female workers of labor-intensive enterprises. METHODS: Totally 910 female workers from 5 labor-intensive enterprises in Guangdong Province was selected as the research subjects by random cluster sampling method. A questionnaire survey on occupational stress was conducted using the Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition. RESULTS: Among the 910 female workers,14. 9%( 136/910) showed medium or higher scale on occupational role level,20. 1%( 183/910) showed medium or higher scale on occupational stress level,and 21. 4%( 195/910) showed medium or higher scale on personal resources lack. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk of occupational stress was high in single female workers and/or those exposed to occupational hazards( P < 0. 01). The higher the occupational role level,the higher risk of occupational stress( P < 0. 01). The less personal resources,the higher risk of occupational stress( P < 0. 01).CONCLUSION: Some female workers in labor-intensive enterprises showed medium or higher occupational stress level. The main influencing factors of occupational stress are marital status,exposure to occupational hazards,occupational role and personal resources.

Influencing factors of occupational stress among female workers in a large electronic manufacturing enterprise / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influencing factors that cause occupational stress among female workers in a large electronic manufacturing enterprise. METHODS: A total of 1 081 female workers from a large electronic manufacturing enterprise were selected by the cluster random sampling method. The Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire and Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire were used to assess occupational stress and its influencing factors were analyzed.RESULTS: Among 1 081 female workers,70. 95% and 19. 43% of them showed high level of occupational stress of job demand-control( JDC) model and effort-reward imbalance( ERI) model,respectively. Educational level with senior high school and above,assembly line working and exposure to occupational hazards were risk factors for high occupational stress of JDC model in female workers( P < 0. 01). The risk of high occupational stress ERI model in female workers with junior high school educational level and below was higher than that of senior high school educational level and above( P < 0. 01).CONCLUSION: The occupational stress rate of female workers in this electronic manufacturing enterprise is high. The main occupational stress model is JDC model. The main influencing factors of JDC model are educational level,operation mode and status of occupational hazard exposure.

Relation of bone fracture nonunion with different energy grade of extracorporeal shock waves / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]Acocording to the effect with different energy grade of extracorporeal shock waves to obtain the better energy of extracorporeal shock waves on treating the nonunion of rabbit radius fracture.[Method]The nonunion model was established in the radius of 32 standard New Zealand white female rabbits,they were' randomly divided into A1,A2,B1 and B2 4 groups.A1 and B1 were the right,A2 and B2 was the left.Treating effect,X-rays film and changs of tissue histology in each experimental groups were observed before and after treament by the shock waves with 0.3,0.4,0.5 and 0.6 mj/mm2 energy to analyze the statistical difference among the each experimental group.[Result]There was a significant difference(P

The protective effect of serum nitric oxide in the obstructive jaundice patients with renal dysfunction / 中国普通外科杂志

ObjectiveTo study the significance of the change of serum nitric oxide(NO) level in the obstructive jaundice(OJ) patients complicated with renal dysfunction. MethodsWe studied the level of NO,BUN.Cr inserum and the activity of NOS in 25 OJ patients with renal dysfunction and 26 healthy adults (control group). ResultsThe patients' serum NO level and the activity of NOS were significantly lower than those in control group( P

Surgical approach to intrahepatic bile ducts: anatomical study and clinical application / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To explore a new surgical approach to intrahepatic segmental bile ducts.MethodSurgical anatomic relationships between intrahepatic bile ducts and blood vessels in 30 adult liver specimens were studied.Results Left and right hepatic bile duct lie to the superior anterior board of the left and right trunk of the portal vein; left medial and right anterior segmental duct lie to the anterior medial edge of corresponding portal vein branches. Right posterior segmental duct lies on the visceral side of right anterior portal branches in 73%(22/30). and on the visceral side of posterior right branches in 80%(24/30). Left lateral segmental duct lies in the deep visceral side of sagittal portion of left portal vein in 93%(28/30).A new combined operational routes getting to segmental ducts from both visceral and diaphragmatic faces were designed to treat 38 patients with multiple intrahepatic calculis.Conclusion Combined operational routes from both visceral and diaphragmatic facies can easily expose and cut open intra and extra hepatic ducts and the strictures, removing calculi.

Selective Intrahepatic Cholangiography via Choledochofiberscope and Litholytic Therapy / 昆明医科大学学报

This paper reported twenty-two cases of residual biliary duct stones.Because of biliary duct stenosis of stone impaction,the intrahepatic duct could not show by routine cholangiography through T-tube. We inserted a nylon cathetr lmm in diamenter into the selective biliary duct,and per- formed cholangiography through the catheter.The results were satisfactory in 20 of the 22 pa- tients. In the patients with large stones in the intrahepatic duct,the stone-dissolving liquid was instilled through a catheter which was kept in the selective duct.Finally,the stones fragmentated and were removed out successfully.

Prevention of Complications Caused by Removal of Residual Stones Through Choledochoscope After Operations / 昆明医科大学学报

It is reported here that removal of residual stones and choledochofiberscopy through T-tube fistula were peformed on 512 patients. The removal procdeure followed by complica- tions, including fever (19 cases), hemorrhage (11 cases), fistulation between T-tube fistula and duodenum (6 cases), false passage formed by damage to the fistula (4 cases) and gallstones falling into false passage and being difficult to remove (2 cases) . The compli- cations with exception of the gallstones falling into false passage were adjusted after antibiotic treatment, coagulant drip by inserting a catheter and false passage drainge, respectively. The opening of T-tube fistula did not heal following remval of residual stones after Roux-en-y in two patients whose wounds only healed after suturing the intestinal wall and abdominal wall by reoperation. The causes, prevention and treatment of complications Were discussed in this papar.