Trend in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obese Adults in São Paulo, Brazil: Analysis between the Years 2006 and 2019.

The aim of this study was to investigate the trend in the prevalence of overweight and obese adults in São Paulo, Brazil, between 2006 and 2019 across chronic diseases and the domains of physical activity. A descriptive retrospective study was carried out on the trend in the prevalence of 26.612 overweight and obese adults (10.150 men and 16.462 women). All data analyzed were based on information from the national system for monitoring risk factors called Protective and Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey-VIGITEL. The variables obese and overweight were analyzed in general and stratified by sex, age group, education level, each type of physical activity domain (yes or no), presence of hypertension and diabetes (yes or no), and smoking (yes or no). The prevalence of obesity significantly increased from 11.1% in 2006 to 19.8% in 2019, regardless of age, sex, physical activity practice, and presence of diabetes or hypertension, except for people aged 55-64 y, working people, and smokers. The total prevalence of overweight adults significantly increased overall (from 30.5% in 2006 to 33.4% in 2019) but it significantly increased only in females, in people aged 18-24 y, those who are non-white, those with an education level of 9-11 y, those who are not working, those who are non-smokers, those who did not have diabetes or hypertension, and those who were not physically active during leisure time but physically active at work and at home. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight adults and especially of obese adults living in the city of São Paulo (Brazil) between 2006 and 2019, the latter being observed in nearly every analyzed sub-category, regardless of age, sex, physical activity practice, and presence of diabetes or hypertension.

Exercise training and DNA methylation profile in post-bariatric women: Results from an exploratory study.

Exercise training and bariatric surgery have been shown to independently modulate DNA methylation profile in clusters of genes related to metabolic and inflammatory pathways. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 6-month exercise training program on DNA methylation profile in women who underwent bariatric surgery. In this exploratory, quasi-experimental study, we analyzed DNA methylation levels by array technology in eleven women who underwent Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and a 6-month, three-times-a-week, supervised exercise training program. Epigenome Wide Association Analysis showed 722 CpG sites with different methylation level equal to or greater than 5% (P < 0.01) after exercise training. Some of these CpGs sites were related to pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammation, specially Th17 cell differentiation (FDR value < 0.05 and P < 0.001). Our data showed epigenetic modification in specific CpG sites related to Th17 cell differentiation pathway in post-bariatric women following a 6-months exercise training program.

Exercise modifies hypothalamic connectivity and brain functional networks in women after bariatric surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a disease that may involve disrupted connectivity of brain networks. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for obesity, and the positive effects on obesity-related conditions may be enhanced by exercise. Herein, we aimed to investigate the possible synergistic effects of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and exercise training on brain functional networks. METHODS: Thirty women eligible for bariatric surgery were randomly assigned to a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB: n = 15, age = 41.0 ± 7.3 years) or RYGB plus Exercise Training (RYGB + ET: n = 15, age = 41.9 ± 7.2 years). Clinical, laboratory, and brain functional connectivity parameters were assessed at baseline, and 3 (POST3) and 9 months (POST9) after surgery. The 6-month, three-times-a-week, exercise intervention (resistance plus aerobic exercise) was initiated 3 months post-surgery (for RYGB + ET). RESULTS: Exercise superimposed on bariatric surgery (RYGB + ET) increased connectivity between hypothalamus and sensorial regions (seed-to-voxel analyses of hypothalamic connectivity), and decreased default mode network (DMN) and posterior salience (pSAL) network connectivity (ROI-to-ROI analyses of brain networks connectivity) when compared to RYGB alone (all p-FDR < 0.05). Increases in basal ganglia (BG) network connectivity were only observed in the exercised training group (within-group analyses). CONCLUSION: Exercise training is an important component in the management of post-bariatric patients and may improve the hypothalamic connectivity and brain functional networks that are involved in controlling food intake. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrial.gov: NCT02441361.

Como a criança percebe o cirurgião-dentista: um estudo por meio do desenho / How the child perceives the dentist: a study using children's drawing / Cómo percibe el niño al cirujano dental: un estudio a partir del dibujo infantil

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar, por meio de desenhos, como o cirurgião-dentista e o ambiente odontológico são percebidos por crianças de dois municípios paraibanos de portes populacionais diferentes, bem como o impacto de uma intervenção com práticas de promoção de saúde bucal nesta percepção. A amostra foi constituída por 89 estudantes entre 7 e 12 anos, sendo 40 crianças da zona urbana da cidade de maior porte populacional (Campina Grande, PB) e 49 da zona rural, município de menor porte populacional (Queimadas, PB). A interpretação dos desenhos foi feita por duas examinadoras de forma independente através de um roteiro para interpretação, além da aplicação do coeficiente Kappa, a fim de se verificar o nível de concordância. Obteve-se um valor de Kappa igual a 1. Como análise geral, apesar de não se verificar associação significativa ao nível de 5%, as crianças da zona rural elaboraram maior número de desenhos que transmitiram uma impressão geral negativa em comparação àquelas da zona urbana e, posteriormente às ações de promoção da saúde, não houve uma melhora na percepção da situação odontológica através dos desenhos. O cirurgião-dentista e o ambiente odontológico são vistos de forma negativa pelas crianças de ambas as localidades, em sua grande maioria, não havendo diferenças expressivas entre os dois grupos. Assim, demonstra-se a necessidade de compreensão do verdadeiro aspecto que define a construção dessa imagem, incentivando atendimentos que fortaleçam o vínculo paciente-profissional para desmistificação da imagem negativa do profissional.(AU)

This study aimed to verify, using drawings, how children from two municipalities in the state of Paraíba (PB) of different population sizes perceive the dentist and the dental environment and the impact of an intervention with oral health promotion practices in this perception. The sample consisted of 89 students aged from 7 to 12 years, with 40 children from the urban area of the municipality with the largest population (Campina Grande, PB) and 49 children from the rural area, municipality with a smaller population (Queimadas, PB). The interpretation of the drawings was made by two examiners independently following a script. In addition, the Kappa coefficient was applied to verify the level of agreement, and a Kappa value equal to 1 was found. As a general analysis, despite the lack of a significant association at the 5% level, children in the rural area made more drawings that conveyed a negative overall impression when compared with those in the area urban and the perception of the dental situation shown in the drawings did not improve after the health promotion actions. The dentist and the dental environment are mostly seen in a negative way by the children of both locations, without significant differences between the two groups. Thus, this demonstrates the need to understand the real aspect that defines the construction of this view, encouraging care that strengthens the patient-professional bond to demystify the negative image of the professional.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar, a partir de dibujos, cómo el dentista y el ambiente odontológico son vistos por los niños de dos ciudades de diferentes cifras poblacionales del estado de Paraíba (Brasil), además de analizar el impacto de una intervención de promoción a la salud bucal en este contexto. La muestra se constituye por 89 alumnos de entre 7-12 años, de los cuales 40 viven en la zona urbana de la ciudad más poblada (Campina Grande, Paraíba) y 49 niños residen en la zona rural de la ciudad menos poblada (Queimadas, Paraíba). La interpretación de los dibujos fue realizada por dos evaluadoras de forma independiente basándose en un guion. Además, se aplicó el coeficiente Kappa con el objetivo de verificar el nivel de concordancia, lo que resultó un valor igual a 1. Como análisis general, aunque no se ha constatado una asociación significativa al nivel del 5%, los niños de la zona rural transmitieron una perspectiva negativa mayor que los de la zona urbana, y no hubo una mejora en la percepción de la situación odontológica en los dibujos realizados posteriormente a las acciones de promoción a la salud. El dentista y el ambiente odontológico son vistos de forma negativa por la mayoría de los niños de las dos ciudades, y no hay diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos. Por tanto, es necesario comprender el verdadero aspecto que define la construcción de esta imagen, incentivando una atención que fortalezca el vínculo paciente-profesional para que ocurra la desmitificación de la imagen negativa del profesional.(AU)

Medication errors in critical patients during medication reconciliation: analyses and clinical management

Abstract Medication errors (ME) are frequent in the admission of patients to the ICU and can be identified and prevented through medication reconciliation (MR). Our aim was to evaluate the incidence, type and severity of MEs and associated factors, identified during MR in the ICU. This is a prospective, analytical approach, performed in the ICU of a private hospital, where the MRs were evaluated from April to June 2016. The SPSS and Stata programs were used to analyse the data. Logistic regression was performed to determine the factors associated with MEs. MR was performed with 136 patients, of whom 126 (92.6%) used drugs regularly. The incidence of MEs was 16.3% (95% CI 11.5-21.2). The main classes of drugs involved were those acting on the nervous and cardiovascular systems. There were 128 pharmaceutical interventions (acceptance: 71.1%). Regarding severity, 65.5% (n=80) of the errors reached the patient, but there was no harm. The risk factors for MEs identified were: age ≥60 years, number of comorbidities >1 and previous use of drugs ≥9. The incidence of MEs found and the significant association with age, comorbidities and polymedication alert to the need for specific attention to prevent admission errors in the most susceptible patient groups.

Home-Based Exercise Training During COVID-19 Pandemic in Post-Bariatric Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

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Health Coaching Strategies for Weight Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Health coaching has emerged as a potential supporting tool for health professionals to overcome behavioral barriers, but its efficacy in weight management remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize and evaluate the quality of evidence supporting the use of self-reported health coaching for weight loss. Seven electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, Psyinfo, Virtual Health Library, and Scielo) were independently searched from inception to May 2020. This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation recommendations. Any study that investigated a self-reported health coaching intervention with the goal of inducing weight loss in individuals of any age, health, or training status was considered for inclusion. Quantitative data were analyzed using multilevel hierarchical metaregression models conducted within a Bayesian framework. A total of 653 studies were screened and 38 were selected for inclusion. The quality of evidence supporting outcomes based on the entire evidence base was very low and studies were deemed to have high risk of bias. Meta-analysis of controlled studies provided evidence of an effect favoring coaching compared with usual care but was trivial in magnitude [effect size (ES)0.5: -0.09; 95% credible interval (CrI): -0.17, -0.02]. The multilevel extension of Egger's regression-intercept test indicated the existence of publication bias, whereas a sensitivity analysis based only on those studies deemed to be of high quality provided no evidence of an effect of coaching on weight loss (ES0.5: -0.04; 95% CrI: -0.12, 0.09). Considered collectively, the results of this investigation indicate that the available evidence is not of sufficient quality to support the use of self-reported health coaching as a health care intervention for weight loss. This trial was registered at Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) as CRD42020159023.

Factors associated with instrumental activities of daily living dependence in the elderly: a case-control study.

The main goal of the study was to determine the factors associated with dependence to perform instrumental activities of daily living in the elderly. A population-based case-control study was conducted, with 180 elderly people from Passo Fundo-RS, 2014. The cases were represented by 60 individuals aged ≥ 60 years, dependents to perform instrumental activities of daily living residents of the urban area of the city. The controls were represented by 120 individuals, not dependents to perform instrumental activities of daily living, residents of the urban area of the city. Crude and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression were performed to test the association between the outcome and the independent variables, estimating the crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and calculating the 95% confidence intervals respectively. All the variables with p ≤ 0.20 were included in the final model. Remained statistically significant after adjusted analysis: being aged 80 years or more (OR = 1.76; CI95%: 1.01-3.08), having studied from 1 to 4 years (OR = 2.36; CI95%: 1.35-4.14), being illiterate (OR = 2.98; CI95%: 1.52-5.84), having Parkinson's disease (OR = 2.44; CI95%: 1.39-4.29) and the presence of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.88; CI95%: 1.30-2.72).

Factors associated with instrumental activities of daily living dependence in the elderly: a case-control study / Fatores associados à dependência para atividades instrumentais da vida diária em idosos: estudo caso-controle

Abstract The main goal of the study was to determine the factors associated with dependence to perform instrumental activities of daily living in the elderly. A population-based case-control study was conducted, with 180 elderly people from Passo Fundo-RS, 2014. The cases were represented by 60 individuals aged ≥ 60 years, dependents to perform instrumental activities of daily living residents of the urban area of the city. The controls were represented by 120 individuals, not dependents to perform instrumental activities of daily living, residents of the urban area of the city. Crude and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression were performed to test the association between the outcome and the independent variables, estimating the crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and calculating the 95% confidence intervals respectively. All the variables with p ≤ 0.20 were included in the final model. Remained statistically significant after adjusted analysis: being aged 80 years or more (OR = 1.76; CI95%: 1.01-3.08), having studied from 1 to 4 years (OR = 2.36; CI95%: 1.35-4.14), being illiterate (OR = 2.98; CI95%: 1.52-5.84), having Parkinson's disease (OR = 2.44; CI95%: 1.39-4.29) and the presence of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.88; CI95%: 1.30-2.72).

Resumo Esse estudo teve como objetivo determinar os fatores associados à dependência para atividades instrumentais da vida diária em idosos. Realizou-se um estudo caso-controle de base populacional, com 180 idosos de Passo Fundo-RS, 2014. Os casos foram representados por 60 indivíduos com idade ≥ 60 anos, dependentes para as atividades instrumentais de vida diária residentes nos domicílios urbanos do município. Os controles foram representados por 120 idosos, não dependentes para atividades instrumentais de vida diária, residentes nos domicílios urbanos do município. Para testar a associação entre o desfecho e as variáveis independentes, foram realizadas as análises brutas e multivariáveis mediante regressão de Poisson, estimando-se as razões de chance (OR) brutas e ajustadas e calculados os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. Entraram no modelo múltiplo todas as variáveis com p ≤ 0,20. Permaneceram estatisticamente significativos após análise ajustada: estar na faixa etária de 80 anos ou mais (OR = 1,76; IC95%: 1,01-3,08), ter estudado de 1 a 4 anos (OR = 2,36; IC95%: 1,35-4,14), ser analfabeto (OR = 2,98; IC95%: 1,52-5,84), ter diagnóstico de Parkinson (OR = 2,44; IC95%: 1,39-4,29) e apresentar comprometimento cognitivo (OR = 1,88; IC95%: 1,30-2,72).

Relação entre estilo de vida e índice de massa corporal de adolescentes / Relationship between lifestyle and body mass index of adolescents

Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a relação entre o estilo de vida e o índice de massa corporal de adolescentes. Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva de correlação, realizado com 160 adolescentes, com idade de 14 a 17 anos de uma escola pública da rede estadual de ensino, situada no município de Araquari, no estado de Santa Catarina. Para avaliar o estilo de vida foi utilizado o Perfil do estilo de vida (PEV), para o índice de massa corporal foi realizada a avaliação antropométrica da estatura e da massa corporal, e posteriormente a divisão da massa corporal pela estatura ao quadrado. Para verificar a relação entre o estilo de vida e o índice de massa corporal aplicou-se a regressão linear simples, assim obteve-se a correlação de Pearson, o coeficiente de determinação simples e ajustado, e o erro padrão da estimativa. O intervalo de confiança foi de 95,00% e o nível de significância de p≤0.050. A amostra apresentou como características: idade média de 14.32±0.58 anos, estatura de 164±0.07 centímetros, massa corporal de 57.13±12.10 quilogramas e índice de massa corporal 21.17±3.91. Apresentou correlação apenas as variáveis: prática de atividade física (r: 0.642; p<0.001) e comportamento preventivo (r:0.676; p<0.001). Pode-se afirmar neste estudo que o estilo de vida está relacionado positivamente com o IMC dos adolescentes por meio de dois componentes que são: a prática de atividade física e o comportamento preventivo.

This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between lifestyle and body mass index of adolescents. A quantitative, descriptive correlation study was developed with 160 adolescents aged between 14 to 17 years old from a public school in the state education network located in the city of Araquari in the state of Santa Catarina. In order to evaluate the lifestyle, the Lifestyle Profile (PEV) was used. Body mass index was calculated using an anthropometric evaluation of stature and body mass, which was performed by the division of body mass by stature squared. In order to verify the relationship between lifestyle and body mass index, simple linear regression was applied, thus obtaining the Pearson correlation, the simple and adjusted coefficient of determination, and the standard error for the estimate. The confidence interval was 95.00% and the significance level of p≤0.050. The sample presented the following characteristics: mean age of 14.32±0.58 years, height of 164±0.07 centimeters, body mass of 57.13±12.10 kg and body mass index 21.17±3.91. Only the following variables were correlated: physical activity (r:0.642; p<0.001) and preventive behavior (r:0.676; p<0.001). It can be concluded from this study that the lifestyle is positively related to the BMI of adolescents through two components, which are: the practice of physical activity and preventive behavior.

Knowledge and attitude towards type 2 diabetes among older adults: a population-based study. / Conhecimento e atitude sobre a diatebes tipo 2 em idosos: estudo de base populacional.

The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with knowledge and attitude towards type 2 diabetes mellitus among older adults with the disease. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 204 older adults from the public healthcare network of Passo Fundo, RS. Sociodemographic data were collected and the DKN-A, ATT-19 and IPAQ were used for the assessment of diabetes knowledge, psychological attitudes towards diabetes and physical activity, respectively. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association with sociodemographic and health variables and indicators of body adiposity. Crude and adjusted analyses were performed with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that good knowledge is associated with age ≥ 70 years (OR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.18-1.08), having a positive attitude towards diabetes treatment (OR = 8.9; 95%CI: 4.3-18.9), and being physically active (OR = 10.1; 95%CI: 6.34-20.1). In conclusion, good knowledge and a positive attitude towards diabetes are associated with age older than 70 years and being physically active.

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar os fatores associados entre o conhecimento e a atitude sobre diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em idosos com a doença. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de base populacional com 204 idosos da rede pública de saúde de Passo Fundo, RS. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se os questionários: sociodemográfico, de conhecimento DKN-A, de atitudes psicológicas do diabetes ATT-19 e o IPAQ para atividade física. Foi utilizada a regressão logística para as variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde e os indicadores de adiposidade corporal. Foram realizadas análises brutas e ajustadas com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Os resultados deste estudo identificaram que o bom conhecimento está associado com a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,44; IC95%: 0,18-1,08), ter atitude positiva para o tratamento da diabetes (OR = 10,4 IC95%: 4,20-18,70) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 12,7; IC95%: 6,8-30,10). Na associação com a atitude positiva se manteve associada significativamente a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,35; IC95%: 0,15-0,78), ter um bom conhecimento da diabetes (OR = 8,9; IC95%: 4,30-18,9) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 10,1; IC95%: 6,34-20,1). Portanto, o bom conhecimento e a atitude positiva estão associados à idade de 70 anos a mais e ser ativo fisicamente.

Conhecimento e atitude sobre a diatebes tipo 2 em idosos: estudo de base populacional / Knowledge and attitude towards type 2 diabetes among older adults: a population-based study

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar os fatores associados entre o conhecimento e a atitude sobre diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em idosos com a doença. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de base populacional com 204 idosos da rede pública de saúde de Passo Fundo, RS. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se os questionários: sociodemográfico, de conhecimento DKN-A, de atitudes psicológicas do diabetes ATT-19 e o IPAQ para atividade física. Foi utilizada a regressão logística para as variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde e os indicadores de adiposidade corporal. Foram realizadas análises brutas e ajustadas com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Os resultados deste estudo identificaram que o bom conhecimento está associado com a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,44; IC95%: 0,18-1,08), ter atitude positiva para o tratamento da diabetes (OR = 10,4 IC95%: 4,20-18,70) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 12,7; IC95%: 6,8-30,10). Na associação com a atitude positiva se manteve associada significativamente a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,35; IC95%: 0,15-0,78), ter um bom conhecimento da diabetes (OR = 8,9; IC95%: 4,30-18,9) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 10,1; IC95%: 6,34-20,1). Portanto, o bom conhecimento e a atitude positiva estão associados à idade de 70 anos a mais e ser ativo fisicamente.

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with knowledge and attitude towards type 2 diabetes mellitus among older adults with the disease. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 204 older adults from the public healthcare network of Passo Fundo, RS. Sociodemographic data were collected and the DKN-A, ATT-19 and IPAQ were used for the assessment of diabetes knowledge, psychological attitudes towards diabetes and physical activity, respectively. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association with sociodemographic and health variables and indicators of body adiposity. Crude and adjusted analyses were performed with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that good knowledge is associated with age ≥ 70 years (OR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.18-1.08), having a positive attitude towards diabetes treatment (OR = 8.9; 95%CI: 4.3-18.9), and being physically active (OR = 10.1; 95%CI: 6.34-20.1). In conclusion, good knowledge and a positive attitude towards diabetes are associated with age older than 70 years and being physically active.

Grupo de convivência para idosos: o papel do profissional de educação física e as motivações para adesão à prática de atividade física

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar a percepção de idosos de um grupo de convivência acerca do papel do profissional de educação física e os motivos de adesão à prática de atividade física. Foram feitas entrevistas individuais com 14 idosos que praticam atividade física no grupo por no mínimo dois anos, foram analisados pela modalidade temática, identificou-se que os idosos outorgam ao professor um papel central no grupo, que se estende para além da competência técnica, ao compreendê-lo como: condutor do grupo, conhecedor dos idosos, promotor de saúde, articulador do grupo, educador, comunicador, mediador de conflitos. A relação estabelecida com o profissional de educação física pode influenciar na motivação que permeia a adesão dos idosos a prática de atividade física.

ABSTRACT It aimed to identify the perception of the elderly of a coexistence group about the role of the Physical Education professional and the reasons for adherence to the practice of physical activity. Individual interviews were carried out with 14 elderly people who practiced physical activity in the group for at least two years, were analyzed by the thematic modality, it was identified that the elderly give the teacher a central role in the group, which extends beyond the technical competence, to the understand him as: group leader, knowledgeable of the elderly, health promoter, group articulator, educator, communicator, conflict mediator. The relationship established with the physical education professional can influence the motivation that permeates the adherence of the elderly to the practice of physical activity.

RESUMEN Su objetivo era identificar la percepción de las personas mayores de un grupo de convivencia acerca del papel del profesional de educación física y los motivos de adhesión a la práctica de la actividad física. Los datos, que se analizaron según la modalidad temática, se obtuvieron por medio de entrevistas individuales con 14 personas mayores que practican actividad física en el grupo, por lo menos, desde hace 2 años. Se identificó que al profesional de educación física se le atribuía un papel central en el grupo, que iba más allá de la competencia técnica, lo cual revelaba sus cualidades como líder del grupo, conocedor de las personas mayores, promotor de salud, articulador del grupo, educador, comunicador y mediador de conflictos. La relación establecida con el profesional de educación física puede influir en la motivación que se expande a la adhesión de las personas mayores a la práctica de la actividad física.

Desafios da aprendizagem remota por estudantes universitários no contexto da Covid-19 / Challenges of remote learning by university students in the Covid-19 context / Desafíos del aprendizaje a distancia por parte de estudiantes universitarios ante la pandemia de Covid-19

Objetivo: Relatar as experiências de trabalho remoto e EaD de um grupo do PET-Saúde Interprofissionalidade na pandemia. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência das atividades realizadas por um grupo do PET-Saúde, vinculado a Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) e ao Centro de Atendimento ao Diabético e Hipertenso (CADH), de março a junho de 2020. As atividades presenciais na UEFS e no CADH foram substituídas por atividades remotas e EaD. A metodologia utilizada envolveu a incorporação de ferramentas virtuais em: 1) Seminários e cursos EaD; 2) Estabelecimento de estratégias de inovação para atuação em saúde; 3) Construção de materiais de Educação em Saúde. Resultados: As ferramentas educacionais virtuais permitiram a realização de um trabalho inovador, focado na formação inicial e continuada de alunos, professores e profissionais de saúde. Mudanças no fluxo dos pacientes, produção de cartilha e artigos também foram atividades desenvolvidas. Conclusão: O uso de plataformas virtuais e EaD favoreceram o planejamento de ações, proporcionando ganho de conhecimento individual e coletivo, permitindo alterações no serviço, orientação dos pacientes e produção científica

Objective: To report the experiences of remote work and distance education of a group from PET-Saúde Interprofessionality in the pandemic. Method: This is an experience report of the activities developed by a group from PET-Health, linked to the State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS) and the Diabetic and Hypertensive Care Center (CADH), from March to June of 2020. Face-to-face activities at UEFS and CADH have been replaced by remote and distance learning activities. The methodology used involved the incorporation of virtual tools in: 1) Seminars and distance education courses; 2) Establishment of innovation strategies for health activities; 3) Construction of Health Education materials. Results: The virtual educational tools allowed the realization of an innovative work, focused on the initial and continuous training of students, teachers and health professionals. Changes in the flow of patients, production of booklets and articles were also developed. Conclusion: The use of virtual platforms and distance education favored the planning of actions, providing gain of individual and collective knowledge, allowing changes in the service, guidance of patients and scientific production..

Objetivo: Describir las experiencias de trabajo remoto y AD de un grupo del Programa PETSalud Interprofesional en la pandemia de Covid-19. Método: Este es un reporte de experiencia de las actividades realizadas por un grupo del Program PET-Salud, vinculado a la Universidad Estatal de Feira de Santana (UEFS) y Centro de Servicio a los Diabéticos e Hipertensos (CADH), de marzo a junio de 2020. Las actividades presenciales en UEFS y en el CADH han sido reemplazadas por actividades remotas y AD. La metodología utilizada implicó la incorporación de herramientas virtuales en: 1) seminarios y cursos de AD; 2) Establecimiento de estrategias de innovación para actividades de salud; y 3) Construcción de materiales de educación sanitaria. Resultados: Las herramientas educativas virtuales permitieron la realización de un trabajo innovador, enfocado en la formación inicial y continua de estudiantes, docentes y profesionales de la salud. Además, se desarrollaron cambios en el flujo de pacientes, producción de folletos y artículos. Conclusión: El uso de plataformas virtuales y el AD favorecieran la planificación de acciones, aportando conocimiento individual y colectivo, además de permitir cambios en el servicio, orientación de pacientes y producción científica

Elevação da razão normalizada internacional por interação medicamentosa em paciente crítico de unidade de terapia intensiva: relato de caso / Elevation of the International Normalized Ratio for drug interaction in critically ill intensive care unit patients: report of a clinical case

Relato de caso: o caso relatado apresenta uma paciente com uso de anticoagulantes e antimicrobianos que resultou na elevação dos valores do parâmetro de tempo de protombina e razão normalizada internacional, associados às condições hemodinâmicas. Conclusão: a interação medicamentosa foi identificada por um farmacêutico clínico e comunicada à equipe médica, que alterou a prescrição, observando-se melhora nos exames.

Case report: the case report shows a patient with anticoagulants and antimicrobials that resulted in the elevation of the values of the prothrombin time parameters and INR, associated with hemodynamic conditions. Conclusion: the drug interaction was identified by the clinical pharmacist; the medical team changed the prescription, and an improvement in the exam results was observed.

Factors linked to the practice of physical activity among the elderly in southern brazil / Fatores associados á prática de atividade física entre idosos no sul do brasil / Factores asociados a la actividad física entre ancianos en el sur de brasil

ABSTRACT Introduction The increase in chronic diseases and physical inactivity are major public health problems among elderly populations worldwide. Objective This article aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the practice of physical activity (PA) among elderly people living in urban environment. Methods A cross-population-based study was conducted in 2014, with 196 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years of age living in urban environment in the city of Passo Fundo, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Gross and multivariable analyses were conducted using Poisson regression, estimating the ratios of gross and adjusted prevalence and calculating their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results The mean age was 71.3 (± 8.4). The gross prevalence for the practice of PA was 56.1%. After adjusted analysis, only the variable independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) remained significant (95% CI 1.05 to 4.83) (p = 0.037). Conclusions This research showed an association between the practice of PA and independence in ADLs. Level of Evidence II, Economic and decision analysis - Development of economic model or decision.

RESUMO Introdução O aumento das doenças crônicas e da inatividade física são problemas importantes de saúde pública da população idosa do mundo. Objetivo Este artigo objetivou determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à prática de atividade física (AF) entre idosos domiciliados em ambiente urbano. Métodos Um estudo transversal de base populacional foi realizado em 2014, com 196 idosos com ≥ 60 anos que vivem em ambiente urbano do município de Passo Fundo, RS. Foram realizadas análises bruta e multivariável mediante regressão de Poisson, estimando-se as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada, calculando-se os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados A média de idade foi de 71,3 (± 8,4). A prevalência bruta de prática de AF foi de 56,1%. Depois de ajuste da análise, somente a variável independente das atividades da vida diária (AVD) permaneceu significativa (IC de 95% 1,05-4,83) (p = 0,037). Conclusões Esta pesquisa mostrou associação entre a prática de AF e independência nas AVD. Nível de Evidência II, Análises econômicas e de decisão - Desenvolvimento de modelo econômico ou de decisão.

RESUMEN Introducción El aumento de las enfermedades crónicas y la falta de actividad física son los principales problemas de salud pública entre las poblaciones de edad avanzada en todo el mundo. Objetivo Este artículo tiene como objetivo determinar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con la práctica de actividad física (AF) entre ancianos que viven en entornos urbanos. Métodos En 2014, se realizó un estudio basado en poblaciones cruzadas, con 196 personas con ≥ 60 años de edad que viven en entornos urbanos en la ciudad de Passo Fundo en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul. Se realizaron análisis brutos y multivariables mediante la regresión de Poisson, estimando los ratios de prevalencia bruta y ajustada y calculando sus respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95%. Resultados La edad media fue de 71,3 (± 8,4). La prevalencia bruta de la práctica de AF fue 56,1%. Después del ajuste del análisis, sólo la variable independiente en las actividades de la vida diaria (AVD) se mantuvo significativa (IC del 95%: 1,05 a 4,83) (p = 0,037). Conclusiones Este estudio mostró asociación entre la AF y la independencia en las AVD . Nivel de evidencia II, Análisis económico y de decisión - Desarrollo de modelo económico o de decisión.

Physical activity is associated with knowledge and attitudes to diabetes type 2 in elderly / Atividade física está associada com conhecimento e atitude da diabetes tipo 2 em idosos

ABSTRACT The aim this study was examined the association between physical activity, sociodemographic variables, health conditions and disease knowledge and attitudes in older adults with type 2 diabetes (DM2). A questionnaire for the collection of sociodemographic data and health conditions, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Diabetes Knowledge Scale (DKN-A), and Diabetes Attitude Questionnaire (ATT-19) were applied to 204 older adults. The absolute and relative frequencies was obtained and the results were analyzed by the chi-square test for proportions, bivariate analysis and logistic regression (p≤0.05). Significant associations were observed between being physically active and age above 70 years (OR=0.40; 95%CI: 0.22-0.90), having good knowledge of DM2 (OR=12.7; 95%CI: 6.8-30.1), and having a positive attitude towards DM2 self-care (OR=10.1; 95%CI: 6.34-20.1). Physical activity is associated with greater knowledge and a positive attitude towards DM2 self-care.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação entre atividade física, variáveis sociodemográficas, condições de saúde e conhecimento e atitudes em idosos com diabetes tipo 2 (DM2). Foi aplicado um questionário para coleta de dados sociodemográficos e condições de saúde, o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), a Escala de Conhecimento sobre Diabetes (DKN-A) e o Questionário de Atitudes sobre Diabetes (ATT-19) para 204 adultos mais velhos. As frequências absolutas e relativas foram obtidas e os resultados foram analisados pelo teste do qui-quadrado para proporções, análise bivariada e regressão logística (p≤0,05). Foram observadas associações significativas entre a atividade física e a idade acima de 70 anos (OR=0,40; IC95%: 0,22-0,90), bons conhecimentos de DM2 (OR=12,7; IC95%: 6,8-30,1) e positivos Atitude em relação ao autocuidado com DM2 (OR=10,1; IC95%: 6,34-20,1). A atividade física está associada a um maior conhecimento e uma atitude positiva em relação ao autocuidado com DM2.

Correlação entre pico de torque isocinético e impulsão vertical em atletas de voleibol feminino / Correlation between peak isokinetic torque and vertical jump in female volleyball athletes

Objetivo: Correlacionar o pico de torque isocinético e a impulsão vertical durante a execução do bloqueio e do ataque de atletas de voleibol feminino. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, descritivo de correlação, foram avaliadas 11 atletas da equipe adulta de voleibol feminino. O pico de torque foi avaliado no aparelho Biodex system 3, em duas velocidades angulares: 60 o/s e 300 o/s e para avaliação da impulsão vertical foi executado o counter movement jump. Resultados: As atletas apresentaram uma correlação moderada e significativa ao relacionar o pico de torque e a impulsão vertical durante o fundamento de ataque no flexor direito a 60 º/s com r=0.609; p=0.047, extensor esquerdo 300 º/s com r=0.664; p=0.026. Conclusão: Dessa forma o presente estudo apresentou uma moderada correlação entre o pico de torque isocinético e a impulsão vertical durante o fundamento de ataque das atletas de voleibol.

Objective: To correlate the peak isokinetic torque and vertical impulsion during the execution of the blockade and the attack of female volleyball athletes. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive correlation study was carried out. Eleven athletes from the adult female volleyball team were evaluated. The torque peak was evaluated in the Biodex system 3, at two angular velocities: 60 o / s and 300 o / s and for the vertical impulse evaluation the counter movement jump was performed. Results: The athletes had a moderate and significant correlation in relation to the peak torque and the vertical impulse during the right flexor attack at 60 º/s with r=0.609; p=0.047, left extensor 300 º/s with r=0.664; p=0.026. Conclusion: In this way the present study presented a moderate correlation between the peak of isokinetic torque and the vertical impulse during the attack foundation of the volleyball athletes.