Immunostaining of stromal CD56 cells in ovarian malignancies.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate CD56 immunostaining in the stroma of benign and malignant ovarian epithelial neoplasms and associate the CD56 immunostaining with prognostic factors and survival in ovarian cancer. METHODS: Patients with ovarian epithelial neoplasia (n=77) were studied with a prospective cohort. The CD56 immunostaining was evaluated in the peritumoral stroma. Two groups were evaluated: benign ovarian neoplasms (n=40) and malignant ovarian neoplasms (n=37). Data were recorded for histological type and grade, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging, molecular subtype, and lymph node metastases. Fisher's exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used, with a significance level of ≤0.05. RESULTS: We found greater CD56 stromal immunostaining in malignant neoplasms when compared to the group of benign neoplasms (p=0.00001). There was no significant difference in relation to the prognostic factors and survival. CONCLUSION: Malignant ovarian neoplasms showed higher stromal CD56 immunostaining. As the prognostic value of natural killer in ovarian cancer is controversial, knowing the specific function of each cell present both in the tumor tissue and systemically may help guide successful immunotherapies in the near future.

Immunostaining of stromal CD56 cells in ovarian malignancies

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate CD56 immunostaining in the stroma of benign and malignant ovarian epithelial neoplasms and associate the CD56 immunostaining with prognostic factors and survival in ovarian cancer. METHODS: Patients with ovarian epithelial neoplasia (n=77) were studied with a prospective cohort. The CD56 immunostaining was evaluated in the peritumoral stroma. Two groups were evaluated: benign ovarian neoplasms (n=40) and malignant ovarian neoplasms (n=37). Data were recorded for histological type and grade, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging, molecular subtype, and lymph node metastases. Fisher's exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used, with a significance level of ≤0.05. RESULTS: We found greater CD56 stromal immunostaining in malignant neoplasms when compared to the group of benign neoplasms (p=0.00001). There was no significant difference in relation to the prognostic factors and survival. CONCLUSION: Malignant ovarian neoplasms showed higher stromal CD56 immunostaining. As the prognostic value of natural killer in ovarian cancer is controversial, knowing the specific function of each cell present both in the tumor tissue and systemically may help guide successful immunotherapies in the near future.

IL-6 and IL-8 as Prognostic Factors in Peritoneal Fluid of Ovarian Cancer.

The objectives of the study were to analyze the dosage of a cytokine panel (IL2, IL5, IL6, IL8, IL10, and TNF-α) in the peritoneal fluid and relate the dosage of these cytokines to prognostic para- meters and survival in ovarian cancer. Peritoneal fluid was collected intraopera- tively from 29 patients with primary malignant ovarian neoplasia. Cytokine panel dosing was performed with ELISA. Comparisons of cytokines with prognostic factors were performed using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. ROC curves were used to determine the cutoff value of NLR, PLR, and IL6. Univariate and multivariate analysis of disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) were performed (Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression). The differences were considered significant when the value of p < .05. Higher levels of IL-6 were related to a neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) >3.18 (p = .04), a platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) >219.23 (p = .0051), CA-125 levels >35 U/mL (p = .0019), stage IIIC (p = .0203), and DFS ≤ 24 months (p = .0267). For IL-8, higher levels were related to PLR > 219.23 (p = .0426), and CA-125 >35 U/mL (p = .0292). In the univariate analysis, IL-6 levels ≥87.23 in peritoneal fluid had a relationship with shorter DFS at significance threshold (p = .05), and with a shorter OS (p = .039). Multivariate survival analysis proved that IL-6 level in the peritoneal fluid was an independent predictor of OS. Therefore, IL-6 and IL-8 in peritoneal lavage were related to poor prognostic factors. These cytokines may represent new biomarkers for ovarian cancer therapies.

Lymphocytes in Peritumoral Stroma: Evaluation in Epithelial Ovarian Neoplasms.

Background: Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease, where chronic inflammation is one of the central mechanisms of its pathogenesis. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the expression of CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD20 in the peritumoral stroma of benign and malignant ovarian epithelial neoplasms and to relate them to prognostic factors in ovarian cancer.Methods: We evaluated 77 patients (40 benign epithelial ovarian neoplasms and 37 malignant epithelial ovarian neoplasms). Immunohistochemistry study for cytokines (CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD20) was performed. The evaluation of prognostic factors was performed using the Fisher's exact test. The significance level was less than 0.05.Results: A higher CD3 expression was found in the stroma of ovarian malignancies compared benign neoplasms, and greater expression of CD4 cells in the stroma of benign neoplasms compared to ovarian cancer. There was a greater expression of CD8 cells in the stromal ovarian malignancies with molecular type II compared to type I. In the evaluation of lymph node metastases, the absence of immuno-labelling of CD20 cells was associated with the absence of lymph node metastases.Conclusion: The immune system plays a multifaceted role and can promote or inhibit tumor growth in different contexts.

Is ovarian cancer prevention currently still a recommendation of our grandparents? / A prevenção do câncer de ovário ainda é uma recomendação de nossos avós?

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecologic tumors because in most of the cases (75%), the disease is diagnosed in advanced stages. Screening methods are not available since the disease is rare, and the tested methods, such as ultrasound and CA125, were not able to decrease the mortality rate for this type of cancer. This article discusses the main risk factors for ovarian cancer, and the potential clinical and surgical strategies for the prevention of this disease.

Resumo O câncer de ovário é a principal causa de morte entre os tumores ginecológicos, já que na maioria dos casos (75%) o diagnóstico ocorre em estádios avançados. Métodos de rastreamento não estão disponíveis, já que a doença é rara, e osmétodos diagnósticos, como ultrassonografia e CA 125, não são capazes de reduzir a taxa de mortalidade desse câncer. Este artigo discute os principais fatores de risco para o câncer de ovário e as possíveis estratégias clínicas e cirúrgicas para a prevenção dessa doença.

Is Ovarian Cancer Prevention Currently Still a recommendation of Our Grandparents?

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecologic tumors because in most of the cases (75%), the disease is diagnosed in advanced stages. Screening methods are not available since the disease is rare, and the tested methods, such as ultrasound and CA125, were not able to decrease the mortality rate for this type of cancer. This article discusses the main risk factors for ovarian cancer, and the potential clinical and surgical strategies for the prevention of this disease.

O câncer de ovário é a principal causa de morte entre os tumores ginecológicos, já que na maioria dos casos (75%) o diagnóstico ocorre em estádios avançados. Métodos de rastreamento não estão disponíveis, já que a doença é rara, e os métodos diagnósticos, como ultrassonografia e CA 125, não são capazes de reduzir a taxa de mortalidade desse câncer. Este artigo discute os principais fatores de risco para o câncer de ovário e as possíveis estratégias clínicas e cirúrgicas para a prevenção dessa doença.