CDC25B Inhibition by Menadione: A Potential New Therapeutical Approach.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common type of tumor and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The evolution of gastric carcinogenesis is still poorly understood and, for this reason, preclinical research protocols were established that included the development of gastric cancer cell lines and the establishment of models of gastric carcinogenesis in non-human primates such as Sapajus apella. A comprehensive literature search was performed in relevant databases such as PubMed, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar to identify studies related to the topic. After an in-depth study of these reports, significant data were collected and compiled under appropriate headings. The main result of the studies carried out by the group on GC is the demonstration of the MYC gene overexpression as a common phenomenon in stomach carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we revealed that reducing the expression of the CDC25B gene, regulated by the MYC protein, is a therapeutic strategy against stomach tumors. This review article reveals preclinical evidence that treatment with menadione in experimental models of gastric tumorigenesis, in vivo and in vitro, inhibits the action of the phosphatase CDC25B and, consequently, prevents cell proliferation, invasion, and migration.

PD-L1 Expression Associated with Epstein-Barr Virus Status and Patients' Survival in a Large Cohort of Gastric Cancer Patients in Northern Brazil.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a worldwide health problem, making it one of the most common types of cancer, in fifth place of all tumor types, and the third highest cause of cancer deaths in the world. There is a subgroup of GC that consists of tumors infected with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is characterized mainly by the overexpression of programmed cell death protein-ligand-1 (PD-L1). In the present study, we present histopathological and survival data of a thousand GC patients, associated with EBV status and PD-L1 expression. Of the thousand tumors analyzed, 190 were EBV-positive and the vast majority (86.8%) had a high relative expression of mRNA and PD-L1 protein (p < 0.0001) in relation to non-neoplastic control. On the other hand, in EBV-negative samples, the majority had a low PD-L1 expression of RNA and protein (p < 0.0001). In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the probability of survival and increased overall survival of EBV-positive GC patients was impacted by the PD-L1 overexpression (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.004, respectively). However, the PD-L1 low expression was correlated with low overall survival in those patients. Patients with GC positive for EBV, presenting PD-L1 overexpression can benefit from immunotherapy treatments and performing the quantification of PD-L1 in gastric neoplasms should be adopted as routine.

Reconstrução com retalho de platisma: uma opção viável? / Reconstruction with platysma flap: a doable option?

Introdução: o retalho do músculo platisma (RMP) vem sendo utilizado em reconstruções cirúrgicas de cabeça e pescoço sem a devida importância que ele merece. Objetivo: avaliar os resultados de reconstruções a custa do RMP. Pacientes e método: analisamos nove casos em que se utilizou o RMP para fechar a área cruenta após a ressecção oncológica em câncer de cabeça e pescoço em instituição de referência em Oncologia. Cinco casos foram para reconstruir o soalho da boca, dois para a mucosa jugal, um para hipofaringe e um para o palato duro. Resultados: Desses nove casos, em quatro não houve qualquer complicação. Houve epidermólise em dois, deiscência parcial da sutura em dois e uma perda total. Conclusão: O RMP é uma boa opção para reconstrução em casos selecionados.

Introduction: the platysma flap is used in reconstructions in head and neck surgery without the concernment that it deserves. Objective: to analyze the outcome in reconstruction with this flap. Patients and methods: We evaluated nine cases in which the platysma flap was done in order to reconstruct the wound area after the resection of head and neck cancer in a reference institution. Five cases were performed in the floor of the mouth, two in jugal mucosa, one in hypopharynx and one in the hard palate. Results: Out of the nine cases, no complications was found in four. On the other hand, we hadepidermiolisis in two cases, partial dehiscence in two, and total lost in one patient. Conclusion: The platysma flap is a good option to reconstruction in selective cases.