Sulforaphane improves voiding function via the preserving mitochondrial function in diabetic rats.

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia evoked oxidative stress contributing to diabetes (DM)-induced voiding dysfunction. We explored whether antioxidant sulforaphane,a NF-E2-related nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf-2) activator, may ameliorate DM-induced bladder dysfunction. METHODS: DM was induced by streptozotocin and sulforaphanewas administered before DM induction.Bladder reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence analyzer. Mitochondrial function index mitochondrial Bax and cytosolic cytochrome c, antioxidant defense Nrf-2/HO-1, endoplasmic reticulum stress marker ATF-6/CHOP, and caspase 3/PARP were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS: DM increased Keap1 and reduced Nrf-2 expression, associated with increase of bladder ROS, mitochondrial Bax translocation, cytosolic cytochrome c release, ATF-6/CHOP, caspase-3/PARP in bladders which resulted in voiding dysfunction by increased intercontraction intervals and micturition duration. However, sulforaphanesignificantly increased nuclear Nrf-2/HO-1axis expression, decreased bladder ROS amount, mitochondrial Bax translocation, cytochrome c release, ATF-6/CHOP and caspase 3/PARP/apoptosis, thereby improved the voiding function by the shortened intercontraction intervals and micturition duration. CONCLUSION: We suggest that sulforaphanevia activating Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling preserved mitochondrial function and suppressed DM-induced ROS, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and voiding dysfunction.

Quercetin-Rich Guava (Psidium guajava) Juice in Combination with Trehalose Reduces Autophagy, Apoptosis and Pyroptosis Formation in the Kidney and Pancreas of Type II Diabetic Rats.

We explored whether the combination of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory guava (Psidium guajava) and trehalose treatment protects the kidney and pancreas against Type II diabetes (T2DM)-induced injury in rats. We measured the active component of guava juice by HPLC analysis. T2DM was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration of nicotinamide and streptozotocin and combination with high fructose diets for 8 weeks. The rats fed with different dosages of guava juice in combination with or without trehalose for 4 weeks were evaluated the parameters including OGTT, plasma insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR (insulin resistance) and HOMA-ß (ß cell function and insulin secretion). We measured oxidative and inflammatory degrees by immunohistochemistry stain, fluorescent stain, and western blot and serum and kidney reactive oxygen species (ROS) by a chemiluminescence analyzer. High content of quercetin in the guava juice scavenged H2O2 and HOCl, whereas trehalose selectively reduced H2O2, not HOCl. T2DM affected the levels in OGTT, plasma insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR and HOMA-ß, whereas these T2DM-altered parameters, except HbA1c, were significantly improved by guava and trehalose treatment. The levels of T2DM-enhanced renal ROS, 4-hydroxynonenal, caspase-3/apoptosis, LC3-B/autophagy and IL-1ß/pyroptosis were significantly decreased by guava juice and trehalose. The combination with trehalose and guava juice protects the pancreas and kidney against T2DM-induced injury.