Spin-Polarized Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction of Mn-Doped Perovskite Nanoplates.

"Spin" has been recently reported as an important degree of electronic freedom to improve the performance of electrocatalysts and photocatalysts. This work demonstrates the manipulations of spin-polarized electrons in CsPbBr3 halide perovskite nanoplates (NPLs) to boost the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) efficiencies by doping manganese cations (Mn2+) and applying an external magnetic field. Mn-doped CsPbBr3 (Mn-CsPbBr3) NPLs exhibit an outstanding photocatalytic CO2RR compared to pristine CsPbBr3 NPLs due to creating spin-polarized electrons after Mn doping. Notably, the photocatalytic CO2RR of Mn-CsPbBr3 NPLs is significantly enhanced by applying an external magnetic field. Mn-CsPbBr3 NPLs exhibit 5.7 times improved performance of photocatalytic CO2RR under a magnetic field of 300 mT with a permanent magnet compared to pristine CsPbBr3 NPLs. The corresponding mechanism is systematically investigated by magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy, ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, and density functional theory simulation. The origin of enhanced photocatalytic CO2RR efficiencies of Mn-CsPbBr3 NPLs is due to the increased number of spin-polarized photoexcited carriers by synergistic doping of the magnetic elements and applying a magnetic field, resulting in prolonged carrier lifetime and suppressed charge recombination. Our result shows that manipulating spin-polarized electrons in photocatalytic semiconductors provides an effective strategy to boost photocatalytic CO2RR efficiencies.

[Applying Swanson's Theory of Caring to ManagePowerlessness in an Older Patient With Vasculitis].

This case report describes a nursing care experience that applied Swanson's Caring Theory to a powerless elderly patient who was suffering from vasculitis problems that had made her incapable of walking and had delayed her discharge from the hospital. The associated health problems, including impaired physical mobility, infection, and powerlessness, were affirmed after an integrated physical, psychological, social, and spiritual assessment was conducted during the nursing care period, which lasted between April 26th and May 5th, 2018. The five categories (knowing, being with, doing for, enabling, maintaining belief) of Swanson's Caring Theory were applied. The patient was encouraged to participate in the treatment plan and motivated to participate in rehabilitation. In addition, the caring capacity and care confidence of family members was enhanced in order to support the patient's further care after discharge. Furthermore, religious support was involved, which allowed the patient to communicate her emotions, reduce her stress, and achieve spiritual comfort. By providing care in the realms of physiology, psychology, and spirit, the author helped the patient regain her self-worth and enhance her positive beliefs in the future. This case report is hoped to provide medical staffs with a reference for facilitating the recovery of elderly patients experiencing disease-related powerlessness.

Rapid quantification of Salmonella typhimurium inoculated to meat products by real-time PCR.

The objective of this study was to use a 5'-nuclease (TaqMan) real-time PCR method with primers and probe specific to the spaQ gene as a rapid approach to quantitatively determine Salmonella Typhimurium. The result showed that the correlation coefficient between real-time PCR estimates and bovine serum albumin (BSA) plate counts of S. Typhimurium was 0.99, independently of 10(5)-fold numbers of bystander Escherichia coli O157:H7 or total viable counts. The sensitivity of the real-time quantitative PCR assay was 10 CFU/mL for pure S. Typhimurium culture without enrichment. A known number of S. Typhimurium target cells were inoculated to dumpling fillings and chicken nuggets and DNA was extracted for real-time PCR analysis. The sensitivity was 60 CFU/g for S. Typhimurium inoculated to the food samples without any preceding procedure of enrichment. The duration of the entire experiment from DNA isolation and purification to PCR amplification was less than 12 h. This study demonstrated that real-time PCR is a rapid and reliable technique for quantifying S. Typhimurium possessing the spaQ gene in pure culture and in meat products.