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1.
J Chem Phys ; 160(18)2024 May 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38726932

RESUMO

Numerous electrochemistry reactions require the precise calculation of the ion solvation energy. Despite the significant progress in the first-principles calculations for crystals and defect formation energies for solids, the liquid system free energy calculations still face many challenges. Ion solvation free energies can be calculated via different semiempirical ways, e.g., using implicit solvent models or cluster of explicit molecule models; however, systematically improving these models is difficult due to their lack of a solid theoretical base. A theoretically sound approach for calculating the free energy is to use thermodynamic integration. Nevertheless, owing to the difficulties of self-consistent convergence in first-principles calculations for unphysical atomic configurations, the computational alchemy approach has not been widely used for first-principles calculations. This study proposes a general approach to use first-principles computational alchemy for calculating the ion solvation energy. This approach is also applicable for other small molecules. The calculated ion solvation free energies for Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ are close to the experimental results, and the standard deviation due to molecular dynamics fluctuations is within 0.06 eV.

2.
Asia Pac Psychiatry ; 16(2): e12556, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38727090

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of isolated resistance training (RT) on cognitive function among older adults with schizophrenia is insufficiently investigated. This study investigated the effectiveness of 12-weeks POWER rehabilitation, a novel RT regimen, on cognitive function among older patients with schizophrenia and frailty. METHODS: Thirty-two older adults with schizophrenia and frailty were enrolled and randomized to receive either a 12-week, twice weekly POWER rehabilitation, or without add-on training. Cognitive functioning was assessed using mini-mental state examination (MMSE), digit symbol substitution test, color trail task (CTT), and digit span task (DST). Physical performance was assessed by walking speed and hand grip strength. The generalized estimating equations was used to compare pre- and post-training outcome measure between groups. RESULTS: Between-group analysis revealed significant improvement in CTT1 and hand grip strength in the intervention group compared to the controls. Subgroup analyses showed CTT1 performance significantly improved after 12 weeks of POWER rehabilitation in the intervention group (time, p < .001), independent of age, educational level, global cognition, depressive symptoms, and psychotropic medication use. Increased hand grip strength was significantly associated with improved performance in MMSE, CTT1, and DST forward at study endpoint. CONCLUSION: A 12-week POWER rehabilitation for older patients with schizophrenia and frailty is safe and feasible, and may benefit physical and some domains of cognitive functioning.


Assuntos
Força da Mão , Treinamento Resistido , Esquizofrenia , Humanos , Esquizofrenia/reabilitação , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Treinamento Resistido/métodos , Força da Mão/fisiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fragilidade/reabilitação , Disfunção Cognitiva/reabilitação , Disfunção Cognitiva/etiologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/fisiopatologia , Cognição/fisiologia , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde
3.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 239: 113962, 2024 May 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38749167

RESUMO

The undesirable and inevitable adhesion of marine organisms on submerged surfaces has seriously affect the environment, economy and society, so emerging and promising strategies for antifouling are required. Here, the novel and environmental strategy of the antibacterial and antialgal materials was proposed for the application of the antifouling coating without releasing harmful substances. The environment-friendly antifouling agent, the capsaicin derivative N-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-acrylamide meth-ylbenzyl)acrylamide (PHABA), was modified to the molecular chain of the polyurethane. The best tensile strength was up to 23.5 MPa of PUP-25% and the elongation at break was 415% of PUP-25%. The excellent wear resistance (300 wear cycles) and chemical solution resistance (H2SO4, NaOH, and NaCl solutions) revealed the applicability of the coating. PHABA would migrate to the surface of the polyurethane coating with time and enhanced the antibacterial and antialgal properties of the coating. PUP-25% prevented more than 90% of bacterial and algal adhesion, indicating the potential application of the antifouling coating.

4.
STAR Protoc ; 5(2): 103021, 2024 Apr 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38635396

RESUMO

The grand canonical constant potential approach is a cornerstone for modeling the electrochemical reactions under work conditions. Here, we present a protocol for evaluating the effect of potential on electrochemical reactions using the grand canonical fixed-potential technique. We describe steps for installing PWmat software, preparing input files for the fixed-potential calculation, and simulating different electrochemical states under the same potential. We then detail procedures for analyzing the free energy evolution under the same potential. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Gao et al.1,2,3.

5.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(6)2024 Mar 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38542498

RESUMO

Tea grey blight disease is one of the most destructive diseases that infects tea and is caused by the pathogen Pestalotiopsis theae (Sawada) Steyaert. L-theanine is a unique non-protein amino acid of the tea plant. Different concentrations of L-theanine exhibit significant inhibitory effects on the growth and sporulation ability of the pathogen causing tea grey blight disease. To understand the effect mechanism of L-theanine on P. theae, transcriptome profiling was performed on the pathogenic mycelium treated with three different concentrations of L-theanine: no L-theanine treatment (TH0), 20 mg/mL theanine treatment (TH2), and 40 mg/mL theanine treatment (TH4). The colony growths were significantly lower in the treatment with L-theanine than those without L-theanine. The strain cultured with a high concentration of L-theanine produced no spores or only a few spores. In total, 2344, 3263, and 1158 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected by RNA-sequencing in the three comparisons, Th2 vs. Th0, Th4 vs. Th0, and Th4 vs. Th2, respectively. All DEGs were categorized into 24 distinct clusters. According to GO analysis, low concentrations of L-theanine primarily affected molecular functions, while high concentrations of L-theanine predominantly affected biological processes including external encapsulating structure organization, cell wall organization or biogenesis, and cellular amino acid metabolic process. Based on KEGG, the DEGs of Th2 vs. Th0 were primarily involved in pentose and glucuronate interconversions, histidine metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism. The DEGs of Th4 vs. Th0 were mainly involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, amino sugar, and nucleotide sugar metabolism. This study indicated that L-theanine has a significant impact on the growth and sporulation of the pathogen of tea grey blight disease and mainly affects amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and cellular structure-related biosynthesis processes of pathogenic fungi. This work provides insights into the direct control effect of L-theanine on pathogenic growth and also reveals the molecular mechanisms of inhibition of L-theanine to P. theae.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos , Camellia sinensis , Transcriptoma , Glutamatos/farmacologia , Camellia sinensis/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Chá/química
6.
Clin Rheumatol ; 43(4): 1299-1310, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433147

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of geriatric nutrition risk index (GNRI), a traditional albumin-body weight calculation, with myopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and compare its ability to identify myopenia with protein indicators. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out based on a Chinese RA cohort. Clinical data and protein indicators (including albumin, globulin, albumin to globulin ratio, prealbumin, hemoglobin) were collected. GNRI was estimated by serum albumin and body weight. Myopenia was indicated as muscle mass loss measured by bioelectric impedance analysis. RESULTS: There were 789 RA patients included with mean age 52.6 ± 12.6 years and 77.6% female. There were 41.3%, 18.0%, 27.5%, 13.2% patients with no (GNRI > 98), low (GNRI 92 to ≤ 98), moderate (GNRI 82 to < 92), and major nutrition-related risk (GNRI < 82). There were 406 (51.5%) RA patients with myopenia, RA patients with major nutrition-related risk had the highest prevalence of myopenia (87.5% vs. 73.3% vs. 50.0% vs. 26.1%). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that compared with no risk, RA patients with low (OR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.86-5.61), moderate (OR = 9.56, 95% CI: 5.70-16.01), and major nutrition-related risk (OR = 28.91, 95% CI: 13.54-61.71) were associated with higher prevalence of myopenia. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that GNRI (AUC = 0.79) performed a better identifiable ability toward myopenia than serum albumin (AUC = 0.66) or others indicators (AUC range 0.59 to 0.65), respectively. CONCLUSION: GNRI, an objective and convenient albumin-weight index, may be preferable for identifying myopenia in RA patients. Key Points • We firstly elucidated the association of GNRI with muscle mass loss among RA patients, and compared its ability to identify muscle mass loss with serum albumin or other protein indicators. • Major nutrition-related risk identified by GNRI showed the highest risk of muscle mass loss, GNRI demonstrated a greater ability to identify myopenia in RA patients. which indicated GNRI was an objective and convenient albumin-weight index to identify myopenia in RA patients.


Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide , Globulinas , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Estudos Transversais , Estado Nutricional , Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Atrofia Muscular , Albumina Sérica , Peso Corporal , Músculos , Fatores de Risco
7.
Environ Pollut ; 347: 123789, 2024 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38490526

RESUMO

The co-occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and nano-microplastic pollution in the water is becoming an emerging risk. To assess the combined hepatotoxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) on zebrafish (Danio rerio), male adult zebrafish were exposed to single MC-LR (0, 1, 5, 25 µg/L) and a mixture of MC-LR and PSMPs (100 µg/L). After 60 d exposure, the results indicated that PSMPs significantly increased the MC-LR bioaccumulation in the livers in contrast to the single 25 µg/L MC-LR treatment group. Moreover, the severity of hepatic pathological lesions was aggravated in the MC-LR + PSMPs treatment groups, which were mainly characterized by cellular vacuolar degeneration, swollen hepatocytes, and pyknotic nucleus. The ultrastructural changes also proved that PSMPs combined with MC-LR could enhance the swollen mitochondria and dilated endoplasmic reticulum. The biochemical results, including increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased glutathione (GSH), indicated that PSMPs intensified the MC-LR-induced oxidative damage in the combined treatment groups. Concurrently, alterations of sod1 and keap1a mRNA levels also confirmed that PSMPs together with MC-LR jointly lead to enhanced oxidative injury. Our findings demonstrated that PSMPs enhanced the MC-LR bioavailability by acting as a vector and exacerbating the hepatic injuries and antioxidant dysfunction in zebrafish.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Toxinas Marinhas , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Masculino , Peixe-Zebra , Microplásticos/toxicidade , Plásticos , Poliestirenos/toxicidade , Microcistinas/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade
8.
Plant Physiol ; 195(1): 598-616, 2024 Apr 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38319742

RESUMO

Chinese bayberry (Morella rubra) is a fruit tree with a remarkable variation in fruit color, ranging from white to dark red as determined by anthocyanin content. In dark red "Biqi" (BQ), red "Dongkui" (DK), pink "Fenhong" (FH), and white "Shuijing" (SJ), we identified an anthocyanin-related MYB transcription factor-encoding gene cluster of four members, i.e. MrMYB1.1, MrMYB1.2, MrMYB1.3, and MrMYB2. Collinear analysis revealed that the MYB tandem cluster may have occurred in a highly conserved region of many eudicot genomes. Two alleles of MrMYB1.1 were observed; MrMYB1.1-1 (MrMYB1.1n) was a full-length allele and homozygous in "BQ", MrMYB1.1-2 (MrMYB1.1d) was a nonfunctional allele with a single base deletion and homozygous in "SJ", and MrMYB1.1n/MrMYB1.1d were heterozygous in "DK" and "FH". In these four cultivars, expression of MrMYB1.1, MrMYB1.2, and MrMYB2 was enhanced during ripening. Both alleles were equally expressed in MrMYB1.1n/MrMYB1.1d heterozygous cultivars as revealed by a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker. Expression of MrMYB1.3 was restricted to some dark red cultivars only. Functional characterization revealed that MrMYB1.1n and MrMYB1.3 can induce anthocyanin accumulation while MrMYB1.1d, MrMYB1.2, and MrMYB2 cannot. DNA-protein interaction assays indicated that MrMYB1.1n and MrMYB1.3 can directly bind to and activate the promoters of anthocyanin-related genes via interaction with a MYC-like basic helix-loop-helix protein MrbHLH1. We concluded that the specific genotype of MrMYB1.1 alleles, as well as the exclusive expression of MrMYB1.3 in some dark red cultivars, contributes to fruit color variation. The study provides insights into the mechanisms for regulation of plant anthocyanin accumulation by MYB tandem clusters.


Assuntos
Frutas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Família Multigênica , Pigmentação , Proteínas de Plantas , Fatores de Transcrição , Frutas/genética , Frutas/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Pigmentação/genética , Antocianinas/metabolismo , Filogenia , Alelos , Genes de Plantas , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Cor
9.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 18(2): e0011865, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38300899

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chagas cardiomyopathy (ChCM) is a severe form of Chagas disease and a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The dysregulation of the immune response leads to cardiac remodeling and functional disruptions, resulting in life-threatening complications. Conventional diagnostic methods have limitations, and therapeutic response evaluation is challenging. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), important regulators of gene expression, show potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. AIM: This review aims to summarize experimental findings on miRNA expression in ChCM and explore the potential of these miRNAs as biomarkers of Chagas disease. METHODS: The search was conducted in the US National Library of Medicine MEDLINE/PubMed public database using the terms "Chagas cardiomyopathy" OR "Chagas disease" AND "microRNA" OR "miRNA" OR "miR." Additionally, bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate miRNA-target interactions and explore enrichment pathways of gene ontology biological processes and molecular functions. RESULTS: The miR-21, miR-146b, miR-146a, and miR-155 consistently exhibited up-regulation, whereas miR-145 was down-regulated in ChCM. These specific miRNAs have been linked to fibrosis, immune response, and inflammatory processes in heart tissue. Moreover, the findings from various studies indicate that these miRNAs have the potential as biomarkers for the disease and could be targeted in therapeutic strategies for ChCM. CONCLUSION: In this review, we point out miR-21, miR-146b, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-145-5p role in the complex mechanisms of ChCM. These miRNAs have been shown as potential biomarkers for precise diagnosis, reliable prognostic evaluation, and effective treatment strategies in the ChCM.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Chagásica , Doença de Chagas , MicroRNAs , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/diagnóstico , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/genética , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Regulação para Cima
10.
Plos negl. trop. dis ; 18(2): e0011865, fev.2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1527399

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chagas cardiomyopathy (ChCM) is a severe form of Chagas disease and a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The dysregulation of the immune response leads to cardiac remodeling and functional disruptions, resulting in life-threatening complications. Conventional diagnostic methods have limitations, and therapeutic response evaluation is challenging. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), important regulators of gene expression, show potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. AIM: This review aims to summarize experimental findings on miRNA expression in ChCM and explore the potential of these miRNAs as biomarkers of Chagas disease. METHODS: The search was conducted in the US National Library of Medicine MEDLINE/PubMed public database using the terms "Chagas cardiomyopathy" OR "Chagas disease" AND "microRNA" OR "miRNA" OR "miR." Additionally, bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate miRNA-target interactions and explore enrichment pathways of gene ontology biological processes and molecular functions. RESULTS: The miR-21, miR-146b, miR-146a, and miR-155 consistently exhibited up-regulation, whereas miR-145 was down-regulated in ChCM. These specific miRNAs have been linked to fibrosis, immune response, and inflammatory processes in heart tissue. Moreover, the findings from various studies indicate that these miRNAs have the potential as biomarkers for the disease and could be targeted in therapeutic strategies for ChCM. CONCLUSION: In this review, we point out miR-21, miR-146b, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-145-5p role in the complex mechanisms of ChCM. These miRNAs have been shown as potential biomarkers for precise diagnosis, reliable prognostic evaluation, and effective treatment strategies in the ChCM.


Assuntos
Humanos , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/metabolismo , Doença de Chagas , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Regulação para Cima , MicroRNAs
11.
Plant Biotechnol J ; 2024 Jan 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38169146

RESUMO

Variation in anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit provides genetic germplasm resources for breeding, while dwarfing is an important agronomic trait, which is beneficial to reduce the management costs and allow for the implementation of high-density cultivation. Here, we combined bulked segregant analysis (BSA), quantitative trait loci (QTL), and structural variation (SV) analysis to identify a 14-bp deletion which caused a frame shift mutation and resulted in the premature translation termination of a B-box (BBX) family of zinc transcription factor, PyBBX24, and its allelic variation termed PyBBX24ΔN14 . PyBBX24ΔN14 overexpression promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear, strawberry, Arabidopsis, tobacco, and tomato, while that of PyBBX24 did not. PyBBX24ΔN14 directly activates the transcription of PyUFGT and PyMYB10 through interaction with PyHY5. Moreover, stable overexpression of PyBBX24ΔN14 exhibits a dwarfing phenotype in Arabidopsis, tobacco, and tomato plants. PyBBX24ΔN14 can activate the expression of PyGA2ox8 via directly binding to its promoter, thereby deactivating bioactive GAs and reducing the plant height. However, the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and Valine-Proline (VP) motifs in the C-terminus of PyBBX24 reverse these effects. Interestingly, mutations leading to premature termination of PyBBX24 were also identified in red sports of un-related European pear varieties. We conclude that mutations in PyBBX24 gene link both an increase in pigmentation and a decrease in plant height.

12.
Life Sci ; 336: 122330, 2024 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38065352

RESUMO

AIMS: It is recognized that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly complex neurodevelopmental disorder with communication deficits as well as multiple social barriers. The core symptoms of ASD are not treatable with current therapeutics. Therefore, finding new treatment strategies for ASD is urgently needed. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been shown to be a promising therapeutic approach in previous studies. However, the underlying mechanisms of MSC treatment for ASD through gut microbiota remain unclear and require further investigation. MAIN METHODS: BTBR mice were used as ASD model and then randomly assigned to the human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hBMMSC) intravenous treatment group or vehicle treatment group. C57BL/6J (C57) mice served as control. Multiple social behavioral tests were performed during the 6-week period and fecal samples were collected at different time points for 16 s rRNA sequencing analysis. KEY FINDINGS: The administration of hBMMSC improved social deficits of BTBR mice in the open field test (OFT), light-dark box test (LBT), novel object recognition (NOR), and free social test (FST), while also significantly reducing stereotypic behaviors. Additionally, hBMMSC administration notably reversed the alterations of microbiota abundance in BTBR mice, particularly the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Several specific differential taxa were further selected and showed a correlation with the prognosis and behavioral scores of ASD. SIGNIFICANCE: Overall, intravenous treatment with hBMMSC had a beneficial impact on ASD by ameliorating social deficits and modifying microbiota compositions. This outcome indicates that hBMMSC intravenous transplantation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for enhancing ASD symptoms improvements.


Assuntos
Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Camundongos , Animais , Humanos , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/terapia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Medula Óssea , Camundongos Endogâmicos
13.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-1007910

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE@#This study explored the potentially modifiable factors for depression and major depressive disorder (MDD) from the MR-Base database and further evaluated the associations between drug targets with MDD.@*METHODS@#We analyzed two-sample of Mendelian randomization (2SMR) using genetic variant depression ( n = 113,154) and MDD ( n = 208,811) from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Separate calculations were performed with modifiable risk factors from MR-Base for 1,001 genomes. The MR analysis was performed by screening drug targets with MDD in the DrugBank database to explore the therapeutic targets for MDD. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), fixed-effect inverse variance weighted (FE-IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode were used for complementary calculation.@*RESULTS@#The potential causal relationship between modifiable risk factors and depression contained 459 results for depression and 424 for MDD. Also, the associations between drug targets and MDD showed that SLC6A4, GRIN2A, GRIN2C, SCN10A, and IL1B expression are associated with an increased risk of depression. In contrast, ADRB1, CHRNA3, HTR3A, GSTP1, and GABRG2 genes are candidate protective factors against depression.@*CONCLUSION@#This study identified the risk factors causally associated with depression and MDD, and estimated 10 drug targets with significant impact on MDD, providing essential information for formulating strategies to prevent and treat depression.


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/genética , Depressão , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Fatores de Risco , Proteínas da Membrana Plasmática de Transporte de Serotonina
14.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-1005267

RESUMO

ObjectiveTo explore the scientific connotation of fried charcoal survivability of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(LJF) by analyzing the correlation between the color change and the intrinsic components during the processing of LJF Carbonisata(LJFC), and taking pH, charcoal adsorption and microscopic characteristics as indexes. MethodLJFC samples with different degrees of processing were prepared according to the stir-frying time of 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, 9.0, 10.5 min(numbered S1-S8), and the contents of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and the L*(brightness), a*(red-greenness) and b*(yellow-blueness) of LJFC samples with different degrees of processing were determined by spectrophotometer, and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) between the contents of seven representative components and the color of the samples were carried out by SPSS 26. 0 and SIMCA-P 14.1. Then pH, adsorption force and characteristic structure of different samples of LJFC were detected and the processing pattern of LJFC was analyzed. ResultThe results of quantitative analysis revealed that the contents of luteoloside, rutin, chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid A gradually decreased, and the contents of cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid C and gallic acid firstly increased and then decreased. The L* and b* of the sample powders decreased, and a* showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. The L* and b* were positively correlated with the contents of chlorogenic acid, rutin, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid A, b* was positively correlated with the content of gallic acid, and a* was positively correlated with the contents of cryptochlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid C. PCA revealed that samples could be clearly divided into 3 groups, S1-S2 as one group, S3-S5 as one group, and S6-S8 as one group, with S3 having the highest score. The results of regression analysis showed that only isochlorogenic acid C could be used to predict the contents of components by colorimetric values combined with regression equations. Physicochemical analysis showed that pH of LJFC increased with the increase of degree of charcoal stir-frying, while adsorption force showed a tendency of increasing and then decreasing, with the highest adsorption force in the S5 sample, and the non-glandular hairs, calcium oxalate clusters and pollen grains had a varying degree of decreasing with the deepening of processing degree, and the microstructures of S6-S8 samples were obviously charred with pollen grains almost invisible. ConclusionThe changes in chemical composition and color characteristics of LJFC during the processing have certain correlations, combined with the changes in physicochemical properties, S5 sample is found to be the optimal processed products, which can provide a reference for the processing standardization and quality evaluation of LJFC, and enrich the scientific connotation of fried charcoal survivability of LJF.

15.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-1016447

RESUMO

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of morin treatment on bone metabolism and bone mass in aged rats, and to clarify the possible mechanism. MethodsTen young female Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months old) and 20 old female Sprague-Dawley rats (24 months old) were randomly divided into three groups: Control group (CON, 10 young rats); Model group (MOD, 10 young rats); 10 old rats and SangHuangSu Group (SSS, 10 old rats). During the experiment, the SSS group received intraperitoneal injection of morin (10 mg / kg) daily. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks. After treatment, Micro-CT, HE stained sections, serological tests and Western blot were used to observe the treatment effect and possible mechanism. ResultsAfter 12 weeks of treatment, compared with MOD group, the number and density of bone trabeculae in SSS group were significantly improved. The BMD, Conn. D, Tb. N, Tb.Th and Tb.Sp of the left femur in the SSS group were significantly better than those in the MOD group(P <0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the levels of CTX-1, osteocalcin, TRACP-5b and PINP in SSS group were significantly lower than those in MOD group(P <0.05). Compared with the MOD group, the ERK1/2-p38 signal pathway was significantly inhibited and the levels of ERK1/2 and p38 were significantly decreased in the SSS group(P <0.05). ConclusionMorin pigment mediates the protective effect on the bones of aged rats by inhibiting the ERK1/2-p38 signaling pathway and reducing bone turnover.

16.
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin ; (12): 455-461, 2024.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-1013637

RESUMO

Aim To investigate the mechanism of ligu aged 2 months of the same strain were used as the constilide (LIG) in delaying the senescence of auditory trol (Ctrl) group. Auditory brainstem response test was cortex and treating central presbycusis. Methods used to detect the auditory threshold of mice before and Forty C57BL/6J mice aged 13 months were randomly di after treatment. Levels of serum MDA and activity of vided into ligustilide low-dose(L-LIG) group, ligustil serum SOD were detected to display the level of oxidative ide medium-dose (M-LIG) group, ligustilide high-dose stress. The pathological changes of auditory cortex were (H-LIG) group and aging (Age) group, and 10 mice observed by HE staining. Ferroptosis was observed by

17.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 84-89, 2024.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-1012854

RESUMO

The COVID-19 is a severe respiratory pathogen infection, showing a distinct "hospital cluster" transmission characteristics. This paper illustrated the concept of occupational exposure and COVID-19. Combined with the actual situation of COVID-19, the infection status of medical personnel in this outbreak was analyzed from three aspects: the transmission risk and infection rate of medical personnel, the clinical characteristics and the undiscovered super-spreader. Through the analysis of the present situation, this paper summarized the possible occupational exposure risk factors of medical personnel in COVID-19 from five aspects: biological occupational risk factors, chemical occupational risk factors, physical occupational risk factors, violence factors and psychological factors. From isolating the source of infection and cutting off the transmission route, the "safety supervisor" mechanism is established to avoid the risks of biological, chemical and physical occupational exposure, from providing professional psychological counseling for medical personnel to reduce their psychological stress, and from improving the relevant legal level to reduce the risk of medical personnel’s violent occupational exposure.

18.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 259(Pt 1): 129053, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38161015

RESUMO

The special rhabdom structure of the mid-band ommatidium in compound eye contributes to the mantis shrimp being the only animal species known to science that can recognize circularly polarized light (CPL). Although the number of mid-band ommatidium of Oratosquilla oratoria is reduced, the mid-band ommatidium still has orthogonal geometric interleaved rhabdom and short oval distal rhabdom, which may mean that the O. oratoria has weakened circular polarized light vision (CPLV). Here we explored the molecular mechanisms of how O. oratoria response to the polarization of light. Based on the specific expression patterns of vision-related functional genes and proteins, we suggest that the order of light response by O. oratoria compound eye was first natural light, then left-circularly polarized light (LCPL), linearly polarized light, right-circularly polarized light (RCPL) and dark. Meanwhile, we found that the expression levels of vision-related functional genes and proteins in O. oratoria compound eye under RCPL were not significantly different from those in DL, which may imply that O. oratoria cannot respond to RCPL. Furthermore, the response of LCPL is likely facilitated by the differential expression of opsin and microvilli - related functional genes and proteins (arrestin and sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter). In conclusion, this study systematically illustrated for the first time how O. oratoria compound eye response to the polarization of light at the genetic level, and it can improve the visual ecological theory behind polarized light vision evolution.


Assuntos
Crustáceos , Visão Ocular , Animais , Visão Ocular/genética , Crustáceos/genética
19.
Adv Neonatal Care ; 23(6): 532-540, 2023 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38038670

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Although end-of-life care (EOLC) has been well-studied, the experience of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses in China, where little EOLC training is provided, requires further investigation. PURPOSE: To explore the lived experience of EOLC delivery among NICU nurses, to provide evidence to enhance nurses' EOLC skills and improve their overall quality. METHODS: This qualitative study adopted a phenomenological approach. A total of 11 NICU nurses participated in semistructured in-depth interviews between June and July 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). Colaizzi's 7-step method was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Five main themes were identified: (a) multiple emotions are experienced during EOLC delivery; (b) EOLC delivery is stressful from various sources for nurses; (c) expressing empathy and compassion is important; (d) ethical and clinical decision-making are key components of EOLC delivery; and (e) there are challenges in improving neonatal EOLC understanding and delivery. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH: The experience of EOLC among Chinese NICU nurses is multidimensional and intensive. Institutions or units must establish and implement related protocols and guidelines to address differences between clinical practice and ideal protocols for neonatal EOLC. Educational programs that consider nurses' personal and interpersonal factors, including local culture, must be developed. Neonatal nurses in Western countries encountering Chinese-born parents who have lost their infants can gain an understanding of parents' perceptions from this study. Future research should focus on developing and testing interventions to train and support NICU nurses working with end-of-life neonates.


Assuntos
Enfermeiros Neonatologistas , Assistência Terminal , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Enfermeiros Neonatologistas/psicologia , População do Leste Asiático , Assistência Terminal/psicologia , Emoções
20.
Sci Adv ; 9(50): eadi1618, 2023 Dec 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38100591

RESUMO

Ultrafast interaction between the femtosecond laser pulse and the magnetic metal provides an efficient way to manipulate the magnetic states of matter. Numerous experimental advancements have been made on multilayer metallic films in the last two decades. However, the underlying physics remains unclear. Here, relying on an efficient ab initio spin dynamics simulation algorithm, we revealed the physics that can unify the progress in different experiments. We found that light-induced ultrafast spin transport in multilayer metallic films originates from the sp-d spin-exchange interaction, which can induce an ultrafast, large, and pure spin current from ferromagnetic metal to nonmagnetic metal without charge carrier transport. The resulting trends of spin demagnetization and spin flow are consistent with most experiments. It can explain a variety of ultrafast light-spin manipulation experiments with different systems and different pump-probe technologies, covering a wide range of work in this field.

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