Incidence of polynuclear zygotes and pregnancy rate after short coincubation of gametes in in vitro fertilization / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship of the incidence of polynuclear zygotes with clinical pregnancy after short coincubation of gametes in in vitro fertilization (IVF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed 3 862 cases of short gamete coincubation IVF, which were divided into six groups according to the percentage of polynuclear zygotes: 0,1-10%, 11-20%, 21-30%, 31-50%, 41-50%, and > or = 51%. We compared the rates of clinical pregnancy, implantation and abortion among the six groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No statistically significant differences were found in the patients'age, dose of gonadotropin, peak E2, number of follicles at the hCG trigger, and number of oocytes retrieved among the six groups. The 1-10% group showed higher rates of pregnancy and implantation, while the > or = 51% group exhibited lower rates of pregnancy and implantation but a higher rate of abortion than the other groups, none with significant differences (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The incidence of polynuclear zygotes after short coincubation of gametes in IVF cannot serve as a prognostic indicator of the outcome of clinical pregnancy.</p>

Effectiveness of ICSI in patients with a high incidence of triploidy in a previous IVF cycle / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effectiveness of ICSI in overcoming the high incidence of tripronucleates zygotes resulting from insemination in a previous IVF cycle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the matched-pair cycles in 37 patients with a > 35 % incidence of tripronucleate zygotes in an IVF cycle, with ICSI used in the subsequent cycle, evaluated the incidences of diploid (2PN) and triploid (3PN) zygotesand the number of normal embryos obtained, and compared the rates of clinical pregnancy and embryo implantation between the IVF and ICSI groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean age of the ICSI group was significantly older than that of the IVF group, while the ampules of gonadotropin and peak E2 showed no remarkable difference between the two. The numbers of follicles at hCG trigger, retrieved oocytes and mature oocytes were markedly lower in the former than in the latter. The percentage of 2PN was significantly higher while that of 3PN significantly lower after ICSI than after IVF (74.24% vs 34.42%; 11.57% vs 51.04%, P < 0.01), and more normal diploid embryos were obtained with ICSI (3.83 +/- 2.08 vs 2.52 +/- 1.71, P < 0.01). Four singletons were achieved in 31 IVF embryo transfer cycles, in comparison with 11 singletons and 3 twins in 36 ICSI embryo transfer cycles. The ICSI group showed significantly higher rates of clinical pregnancy and embryo implantation than the IVF group (38.89% vs 12.90%; 28.33% vs 7.41%, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For women with a high incidence o triploidy in a previous IVF cycle, ICSI can effectively increase the number of normal diploid zygotes.</p>

Comparison of 3 techniques for artificial shrinkage of blastocoelic cavity before vitrification of expanded mouse blastocysts / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an effective pretreatment method for the vitrification of expanded mouse blastocysts by comparing 3 techniques for the artificial shrinkage of the blastocoelic cavity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The blastocoelic cavity was artificially shrunk by micro-needle aspiration, pipetting or laser drilling prior to the vitrification of the expanded blastocysts. The rates of survival and hatching achieved with the three techniques were compared with those of the non-shrinkage group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rates of survival were 72.9, 72.0 and 94.0%, and those of hatching were 64.6, 32.0 and 62.0% in the three shrinkage groups, obviously higher than in the nonshrinkage group (40.0 and 16.0%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Artificial shrinkage of the blastocoelic cavity was an effective pretreatment technique for the vitrification of expanded mouse blastocysts, especially by micro-needle aspiration and laser drilling.</p>

Laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with reflux esophagitis.

AIM: To assess the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) in patients with reflux esophagitis and disclose factors contributing to the development of LPR. METHODS: A total of 167 patients who proved to have reflux esophagitis by endoscopy were enrolled. They received laryngoscopy to grade the reflux findings for the diagnosis of LPR. We used validated questionnaires to identify the presence of laryngopharyngeal symptoms, and stringent criteria of inclusion to increase the specificity of laryngoscopic findings. The data of patients were analyzed statistically to find out factors related to LPR. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of LPR in studied subjects with reflux esophagitis was 23.9%. Age, hoarseness and hiatus hernia were factors significantly associated with LPR. In 23 patients with a hiatus hernia, the group with LPR was found to have a lower trend of esophagitis grading. CONCLUSION: Laryngopharyngeal reflux is present in patients with reflux esophagitis, and three predicting factors were identified. However, the development of LPR might be different from that of reflux esophagitis. The importance of hiatus hernia deserves further study.

Establishment of human embryonic stem cell line NJGLLhES1 / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report the derivation and characterization of a new human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line NJGLLhES1.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From the inner cell mass of frozen-thawed human embryos and with ICR mouse embryonic fibroblasts as the feeder layer, we established a new human embryonic stem cell line, which was named NJGLLhES1. We detected the karyotype of the cell line, determined the expressions of alkaline phosphatase, the specific cell surface antigens SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81 and the marker gene Oct-4, and examined the formation of embryoids and teratomas.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NJGLLhES1 was maintained for over 1 year in vitro, with the morphological characteristics of hESC, a normal karyotype, positive expressions of alkaline phosphatase and specific cell marker genes, and the potential of forming embryoids and teratomas.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A new human embryonic stem cell line NJGLLhES1 was successfully established, which remains karyotypically and phenotypically stable, undifferentiated and capable of self-renewal and pluripotential differentiation.</p>

Prophylaxis of GVHD with ATG before allogeneic stem cells transplantation / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To analyze effects of antithymocyte globulin(ATG) in preventing the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) in allogeneic stem cells transplantation. Methods Twenty-seven patients with leukemia were divided into two groups.The source of the transplantation donor and the type of acute leukemia were similar between the two groups,including HLA-sibling donors,HLA-unrelated donors and HLA-haploidentical donors.The 12 patients in group A adopted the classic method(CsA + MTX) to prevent GVHD.The 15 patients in group B adopted CsA + MTX +ATG to prevent the occurrence of GVHD. Results The 15 patients in group B have been all survived.Four of them presented Ⅱ0 acute GVHD(aGVHD),while the rest 11 patients only presented Ⅰ0 GVHD in approximately 30 d after transplantation with control very soon.In group A,Ⅳ? ultra-acute GVHD occurred in 3 HLA-haploidentical patients at day 7,9 and 10 after transplantation.One HLA-unrelated patient presented Ⅲ? aGVHD.The 4 patients above mentioned died due to pulmonary infection secondary to severe GVHD.The rest 8 HLA-sibling patients presented Ⅱ?-Ⅲ? aGVHD. ConclusionUsing ATG before allogeneic stem cells transplantation can efficiently prevent the occurrence of GVHD or relieve its severity.It can significantly diminish the transplantation related mortality rate.

Influence of two different vitrification cryopreservation methods on spindles of mouse oocytes / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of two different vitrification cryopreservation methods on the spindles of mouse M II oocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three groups were included in the experiment, Group A, Group B and the control ( fresh oocytes). Mouse oocytes were vitrified by using cryoloop, with ethylene glycol( EG) in Group A and with EG + dimethyl sulphoxide ( DMSO) in Group B as cryoprotectants, and then the oocytes were placed directly into liquid nitrogen. Three hours after the frozen oocytes were thawed they were fixed, and the microtubule and chromosome were stained by indirect immunofluorescent method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rates of the oocytes after treated by the two vitrification cryopreservation methods had no difference ( 80. 3% vs 87. 5% , P > 0. 05) . The rate of the intact spindles in Group A was much lower than that of the control and Group B ( 15. 2% vs 78.7% , 15. 2% vs 77. 5% , P < 0. 05). But there was no difference between the latter two groups (78. 7% vs 77. 5% , P >0. 05). The oocytes with normal chromosome in Group A were much less than in the control and Group B (17.4% vs 76. 6% , 17. 4% vs 72. 5% , P <0. 05) , with no difference between the latter two groups(76. 6% vs 72. 5% , P >0. 05) ; The oocytes with abnormal chromosome were more in Group A than in the control and Group B (82. 6% vs 19. 1% , 82. 6% vs 27. 5% , P <0. 05) , with no difference between the latter two groups (19.1% vs 27.5% , P >0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The changed vitrification cryopreservation method helps conserve the intact spindle configuration of mouse oocytes.</p>