RESUMO
Objective To study the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in ischemicpreconditioning and its mechanism in a cell model transiently exposed to COCl2 for mimicking ischemicpreconditioning. Methods SK-N-SH cells were pretreated with 300 μmol/L COCl2 for 3 h andcultured 24 h later in serum-free media to establish the cell model ofischemic preconditioning. 7-NI, aspecific inhibitor of nNOS, was used to explore the role ofnNOS in the preconditioning process. MTTassay and flow cytometry (FAM) were used to detect the cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively, atdifferent time points after the preconditioning. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)was performed to detect the expression levels of nNOS and the apoptosis-related genes after ischemicpreconditioning. Results In serum-flee culture after exposure to 300 μmol/L COCl2, the SK-N-SHcells showed an increase in cell proliferation by 2.5 folds and a reduction of the cell apoptotic rate by70%, with significant differences from the control cells (P<0.05). At 3 and 24 h after ischemicpreconditioning, the expression of nNOS and Bcl-2, an apoptosis suppressor gene, was up-regnlated andthe expression of Apaf-1, an apoptosis-promoting gene, was down-regnlated. These effects could bereversed by 7-NI, an inhibitor ofnNOS. Conclusion Pretreatment with 300 μmol/L COCl2 for 3 h canmimic ischemic preconditioning in SK-N-SH cells, in which process nNOS plays an important protectiverole by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Apaf-1.
RESUMO
Objective To explore the relationship of polymorphisms of D17S1878, D17S932 sites and essential hypertension.Methods Sixty-seven pedigrees were collected at the region with high prevalence of hypertension. The polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 sites were genotyped using Genetic Analyzer and GeneScan Software. Case-control study in sibs with different phenotype was carried out and logistic analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results There were significant differences on the distributions of age, male, drinking, average systolic pressure, average diastolic pressure, the characteristics of rash, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol amount, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein(LDL) between the hypertensive-affected sibs and the normotensive sibs (P<0.05). There was significant difference between the affected hypertensive and normotensive sibs in the D17S1878 site (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in D17S932 (P>0.05 ). After non-conditional logistic analysis, data showed that both sites were not included in the model, while age( OR = 1.044,95%CI:1. 019-1. 069), drinking ( OR = 2. 644,95% CI : 1. 778-3. 932), the characteristics of rash ( OR = 3. 078,95%CI:1.721-5.504), triglyceride (OR= 1.305,95%CI: 1.016-1.676), LDL-C (OR= 1.787,95% CI:1. 296-2. 646), as risk factors, were included in the model. Conclusion The polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 possibly were not associated with essential hypertension.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To identify the possible relationship between polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 on the Chromosome 17 and risk of essential hypertension (EH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 were genotyped using Genetic Analyzer in 325 subjects from 67 Chinese families with EH in Liaoning province. The polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 sites were genotyped using Genetic Analyzer and GeneScan Software; PHASE2.1 Software was used in hyplotype analysis and affected sib pair analysis was used in linkage analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>61 hyplotypes were found in the study population with 272 hypertensive and 53 normotensive subjects and the frequency of haplotype H1 [(CA)(18)/(CA)(11)] in the hypertensive (15.4%) was significantly higher than that in the normotensive (6.3%, P < 0.05). Affected sib pair analysis could be applied in 180 subjects, the t values of the D17S1878 and D17S932 were 1.88 and 3.95, respectively (both P < 0.05) suggesting that the transitivity and consistency of the D17S1878 and D17S932 in sib pairs from the pedigrees were higher than expected (25%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 were possibly linked with predisposing genes of essential hypertension.</p>
Assuntos
Humanos , Cromossomos Humanos Par 17 , Ligação Genética , Genótipo , Hipertensão , Epidemiologia , Polimorfismo GenéticoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the distribution of -63A/C polymorphism of human glutathione S-transferase M3(GSTM3) gene in Chinese Han population and the association of -63A/C polymorphism with essential hypertension (EH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>-63A/C polymorphism of GSTM3 gene was examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 234 patients with EH and 328 healthy controls. The genotypes were confirmed partially by DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distribution of GSTM3 -63A/C was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The CC genotype frequency in EH group (6%) was significantly higher than that in control group(1.8%) (P < 0.05). After adjustment for age, body mass index, and other risk factors, the CC genotype was independently associated with hypertension (OR=3.447, 95%CI: 1.19-7.63; P=0.04).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The GSTM3 -63A/C polymorphism was associated with EH in Chinese Han population, the C allele might be a risk factor for EH in Chinese Han nationality.</p>
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Povo Asiático , Genética , Sequência de Bases , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Etnicidade , Genética , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Glutationa Transferase , Genética , Hipertensão , Genética , Patologia , Isoenzimas , Genética , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Genética , Análise de RegressãoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influencing factors on cerebral stroke in Zhangwu county, Liaoning province, a region with high hypertension prevalence rate.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By cluster sampling method, 5208 adults ( > 18y. ) from 11 villages of 6 towns were registered. General information, common risk factors of cerebral stroke about these persons was recorded. Blood pressure together with several biochemistry indicators was determined. Data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Standardized prevalence of cerebral stroke in this region was 3.10%, and the difference between males and females was significant. Prevalence rate was increasing with age. Multiple-factor analysis revealed that the incidence rate of cerebral stroke was related to high blood pressure, high diastolic pressure, pulse pressure, age, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-DL-C (LDL-C) level with OR values of 95% CI as 2.958 (1.783-4.907), 2.803 (1.934-4.062), 1.154 (1.056-1.261), 1.080 (1.063-1.097), 0.390 (0.235-0.647) and 1.422 (1.008-2.006) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High blood pressure, in particular high diastolic pressure, pulse pressure and LDL-C level were main risk factors of cerebral stroke in Zhangwu countryside. However, HDL-C level was a protective factor. No new risk factors were discovered.</p>
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Pressão Sanguínea , Fisiologia , China , Epidemiologia , HDL-Colesterol , Sangue , LDL-Colesterol , Sangue , Hipertensão , Epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Sangue , EpidemiologiaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between serum iron(SI) and essential hypertension (EHT) based on population-based samples.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using clustering multistage sampling method, all the people above 18 years old in the target population were investigated. Blood pressure was measured and the questionnaire was used to find out related factors. Five milliliters fast vein blood were drawn and the serum were used for testing on serum iron (SI) and other elements such as blood sugar, cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), serum sodium, serum potassium, serum calcium etc. A case control study was carried out with EHT patients from the selected population as case group, and the other healthy peoples as controls. Database was created by Fox Pro and SPSS 10.0 was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The concentrations of SI, with (17.75 +/- 7.66) micromol/ L in EHT group and (17.23 +/- 7.83) micromol/L in control group, showed statistical difference (P < 0.05) between the two groups. The concentrations of SI also showed statistical difference (P < 0.05) between the high DBP and normal group with the average level as (17.84 +/- 7.58) micromol/L in high DBP group and (17.26 +/- 7.85) micromol/L in normal group. Data from monovariate analysis showed that the increase of SI was a risk factor for EHT, DBP and SBP. By multivariate analysis for EHT, while SI still existed in the model (OR = 1.296, 95% CI: 1.057-1.590), but for SBP the results almost remained the same (OR = 1.285, 95% CI:1.102-1.498).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Data from the results showed that SI was probably a risk factor for EHT.</p>
Assuntos
Humanos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China , Epidemiologia , Hipertensão , Sangue , Epidemiologia , Ferro , Sangue , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation between G421C polymorphism in the regulatory region of CYP4F2 gene and essential hypertension and its molecular mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 196 hypertensive patients (hypertension group) and 219 normotensive subjects (control group) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The promoter activity with different alleles was evaluated by reporter assay. A Myb responsive element was identified using gel retardation assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant differences were found in distribution of genotype and allele frequency of G421C between hypertension group and control group (P < 0.05), and homozygous GG genotype was independently associated with hypertension after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, and other risk factors (odds ratios 1.87, 95% CI 1.11-3.13, P < 0.05). 421G reporter construct showed decreased promoter activity compared with 421C reporter construct. 421G existed in Myb responsive element, whereas 421C damaged this motif.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>G421C polymorphism in the regulatory region of CYP4F2 gene is correlated with essential hypertension. 421G allele inhibits transcription by binding affinity of Myb responsive element.</p>
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450 , Genética , Família 4 do Citocromo P450 , Frequência do Gene , Genes myb , Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genética , Genótipo , Hipertensão , Genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Sequências Reguladoras de Ácido Nucleico , Genética , Elementos de Resposta , GenéticaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the linkage of the polymorphism at D17S1878 site with susceptible gene of essential hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-five pedigrees from the high prevalence region of the hypertension were collected. The polymorphism of D17S1878 site was genotyped with genetic analyzer and gene-scan software. Discordant sib pair analysis and affected sib pair analysis were used in linkage analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences in the age, male, alcohol-consuming, over-salt intake, average systolic pressure, average diastolic pressure, waist-to-hip-ratio, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low density lipoprotein between the hypertensive sib and the normotensive sib (P < 0.05). There were eleven alleles at D17S1878 site, and the allele frequency was significantly different between the hypertensive and normotensive sibs (P < 0.05). Forty-three pedigrees were analyzed with affected sib pair analysis (t = 3.05, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The polymorphism of D17S1878 may be linked with susceptible genes of essential hypertension.</p>
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ligação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genética , Genótipo , Hipertensão , Genética , Repetições de Microssatélites , Genética , Fenótipo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo Genético , Canais de Potássio Corretores do Fluxo de Internalização , GenéticaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence state of essential hypertension in the countryside of Zhangwu county, Liaoning province to confirm whether this county is the high prevalence region of essential hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five thousand, two hundred and eight 15-year olds or older were sampled by means of whole population random sampling. Blood pressure was measured and the related risk factors were investigated with the uniform questionnaire. SPSS 10.0 of statistical software was used for data analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The standardized prevalence rate of hypertension was 35.0% at this region, 40.0% in male, 32.0% in female. The prevalence rates of hypertension were increased with the increasing of the age in both males and females. There were significant statistically differences in the prevalence rates of hypertension between the different age groups, different countrysides and different villages. The standardized prevalence rate of hypertension were 43.0% the highest and 29.0% lowest respectively in the countryside, with prevalence rates, were 59.4% highest and 26.9% lowest respectively in the village. In all the patients with hypertension, 72.0% having hypertension II, III.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The countryside of Zhangwu county was a high prevalence region of essential hypertension which was unusual in our country. The reason of this status was still unknown which called for further study.</p>