Polysacharide of Agaricus blazei gel mitigates bone necrosis in model of the jaws related to bisphosphonate via Wnt signaling.

To investigate de effect of PAb gel on the bone tissue of rats submitted to Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Initially, 54 animals were submitted to BRONJ model by Zoledronic Acid (ZA) (0.1 mg/kg 3x/wk for 9 wk, ip), followed by the 1st upper left molar extraction at the 8th wk. After tooth removal, the animals were divided into 3 groups, ZA that received placebo gel or PAb gel that received 1% PAb gel, inside the dental alveolus. The control Group (CONTROL) received 0.1 mg/kg of 0.9% saline and then placebo gel. Three weeks after tooth extraction, the animals were euthanized, and maxillae were colleted for macroscopic, radiographic, histological and Raman spectomery assays. Additionally, GSK3b, beta-catenin, and Runx2 mRNA expressions were determined. Blood samples were collected for the analysis of Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) levels. PAb gel improved mucosal healing, increased the number of viable osteocytes, while it reduced the number of empty lacunae, as well as the amount of bone sequestration. Furthermore, PAb gel positively influenced the number and functionality of osteoblasts by stimulating Wnt signaling, thereby inducing bone remodeling. Additionally, PAb gel contributed to improved bone quality, as evidenced by an increase in bone mineral content, a decrease in bone solubility, and an enhancement in the quality of collagen, particularly type I collagen. PAb gel mitigated bone necrosis by stimulating of bone remodeling through Wnt signaling and concurrently improved bone quality. PAb gel emerges as a promising pharmacological tool for aiding in BRONJ therapy or potentially preventing the development of BRONJ.

Agentes condicionantes alternativos no procedimento adesivo: revisão de literatura / Alternative conditioning agents in the adhesive procedure: literature review

Objetivos: revisar a literatura acerca do uso de ACA no procedimento adesivo. Métodos: Realizaram-se duas buscas distintas na literatura, na base de dados PubMed, na qual a primeira se utilizou das palavras-chave "Restorative dentistry" e "Alternativeconditioning", combinadas entre si pelo operador booleno "AND". Encontraram-se 28 estudos sem restrição de período em que, após a leitura crítica de títulos e resumos, selecionaram-se três. A segunda busca utilizou as palavras-chave "Alternativeconditioning", "Adhesives" e "Dentistry", combinadas pelo operador booleano "AND", encontrando 72 estudos sem restrição de período e, após a leitura de títulos e resumos, selecionaram-se três. Entre eles, o Ácido Fosfórico (AF) foi incapaz de remover a camada hipermineralizada de dentina das Lesões Cervicais Não Cariosas (LCNC). Resultados: Notou-se a eficácia do EDTA, como alternativa ao condicionamento convencional, nas superfícies tratadas com clorexidina. Já o ácido metafosfórico a 40% dispôs de precipitação do mineral bruxita. O condicionamento com Ácido Cítrico (AC) a 5% e Cloreto Férrico Anidro (CFA) a 0,6% e 1,8%, ambos exibiram ótima microtração. O condicionamento com Ácido Nítrico (AN) a 10% e Oxalato Férrico (OF) a 3% reduziu a resistência de união. Entretanto, o resultado pode variar conforme o adesivo utilizado. Conclusão: Os estudos comprovaram a eficácia da aplicação de ACA em procedimentos adesivos, contribuindo com o aumento da retenção das restaurações.

Objective: The Alternative Conditioning Agents (ACA) aim to reduce the biodegradation of adhesive interfaces in resinous restorations. Methods: The aim was to review the literature on the use of ACA in the adhesive procedure. Two different searches were performed in the literature, in the PubMed database, in which the first one used the keywords "Restorative dentistry" and "Alternative conditioning", combined with the Boolene operator "AND". There were 28 studies without period restrictions in which, after critical reading of titles and abstracts, 3 were selected. The second search used the keywords "Alternative conditioning", "Adhesives" and "Dentistry", combined by the Boolean operator "AND", finding 72 studies without period restriction and, after reading titles and abstracts, 3 were selected. Among these, phosphoric acid (PA) was unable to remove the hypermineralized dentin layer from non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL). Results: The efficacy of EDTA, as an alternative to conventional conditioning, was noted on surfaces treated with chlorhexidine. Metaphosphoric acid at 40% had precipitation of the "bruxita" bauxite/brucite mineral. The conditioning with 5% Citric Acid (CA) and 0.6% and 1.8% Anhydrous Ferric Chloride (AFC) both showed excellent microtraction. Citric Acid (CA) conditioning at 10% and Ferric Oxalate (FO) at 3% reduced the bond strength. However, the result may vary according to the adhesive used. Conclusion: Studies have proven the efficacy of ACA in adhesive procedures, contributing to increased retention of restorations.