Case report: Temozolomide induced hypermutation indicates an unfavorable response to immunotherapy in patient with gliomas.

Background: Temozolomide (TMZ) is a key component in the treatment of gliomas. Hypermutation induced by TMZ can be encountered in routine clinical practice, and its significance is progressively gaining recognition. However, the relationship between TMZ-induced hypermutation and the immunologic response remains controversial. Case presentation: We present the case of a 38-year-old male patient who underwent five surgeries for glioma. Initially diagnosed with IDH-mutant astrocytoma (WHO grade 2) during the first two surgeries, the disease progressed to grade 4 in subsequent interventions. Prior to the fourth surgery, the patient received 3 cycles of standard TMZ chemotherapy and 9 cycles of dose-dense TMZ regimens. Genomic and immunologic analyses of the tumor tissue obtained during the fourth surgery revealed a relatively favorable immune microenvironment, as indicated by an immunophenoscore of 5, suggesting potential benefits from immunotherapy. Consequently, the patient underwent low-dose irradiation combined with immunoadjuvant treatment. After completing 4 cycles of immunotherapy, the tumor significantly shrank, resulting in a partial response. However, after a 6-month duration of response, the patient experienced disease progression. Subsequent analysis of the tumor tissue obtained during the fifth surgery revealed the occurrence of hypermutation, with mutation signature analysis attributing TMZ treatment as the primary cause. Unfortunately, the patient succumbed shortly thereafter, with a survival period of 126 months. Conclusion: Patients subjected to a prolonged regimen of TMZ treatment may exhibit heightened vulnerability to hypermutation. This hypermutation induced by TMZ holds the potential to function as an indicator associated with unfavorable response to immunotherapy in gliomas.

Two-dimensional/three-dimensional hierarchical self-supporting potassium ammonium vanadate@MXene hybrid film for superior performance aqueous zinc ion batteries.

Currently, aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have grown to be a good choice for large-scale energy storage systems due to their high theoretical specific capacity, low redox potential, low cost, and non-toxicity of the aqueous electrolyte. However, it is still challenging to obtain high specific capacity and stability suitable cathodes. Herein, hierarchical self-supporting potassium ammonium vanadate@MXene (KNVO@MXene) hybrid films were prepared by vacuum filtration method. Due to the three-dimensional nanoflower structure of KNVO with dual ions intercalation, high conductivity of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene, and the hierarchical self-supporting structure, the AZIB based on the KNVO@MXene hybrid film cathode possessed superior specific capacity (481 mAh/g at 0.3 A/g) and cycling stability (retaining 125 mAh/g after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 10 A/g). In addition, the storage mechanism was revealed by various ex-situ characterizations. Hence, a new viewpoint for the preparation of AZIB self-supporting cathode materials is presented.

A comprehensive transformer-based approach for high-accuracy gas adsorption predictions in metal-organic frameworks.

Gas separation is crucial for industrial production and environmental protection, with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offering a promising solution due to their tunable structural properties and chemical compositions. Traditional simulation approaches, such as molecular dynamics, are complex and computationally demanding. Although feature engineering-based machine learning methods perform better, they are susceptible to overfitting because of limited labeled data. Furthermore, these methods are typically designed for single tasks, such as predicting gas adsorption capacity under specific conditions, which restricts the utilization of comprehensive datasets including all adsorption capacities. To address these challenges, we propose Uni-MOF, an innovative framework for large-scale, three-dimensional MOF representation learning, designed for multi-purpose gas prediction. Specifically, Uni-MOF serves as a versatile gas adsorption estimator for MOF materials, employing pure three-dimensional representations learned from over 631,000 collected MOF and COF structures. Our experimental results show that Uni-MOF can automatically extract structural representations and predict adsorption capacities under various operating conditions using a single model. For simulated data, Uni-MOF exhibits remarkably high predictive accuracy across all datasets. Additionally, the values predicted by Uni-MOF correspond with the outcomes of adsorption experiments. Furthermore, Uni-MOF demonstrates considerable potential for broad applicability in predicting a wide array of other properties.

Metabolism of host lysophosphatidylcholine in Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes.

The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum requires exogenous fatty acids to support its growth during the pathogenic, asexual erythrocytic stage. Host serum lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a significant fatty acid source, yet the metabolic processes responsible for the liberation of free fatty acids from exogenous LPC are unknown. Using an assay for LPC hydrolysis in P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes, we have identified small-molecule inhibitors of key in situ lysophospholipase activities. Competitive activity-based profiling and generation of a panel of single-to-quadruple knockout parasite lines revealed that two enzymes of the serine hydrolase superfamily, termed exported lipase (XL) 2 and exported lipase homolog (XLH) 4, constitute the dominant lysophospholipase activities in parasite-infected erythrocytes. The parasite ensures efficient exogenous LPC hydrolysis by directing these two enzymes to distinct locations: XL2 is exported to the erythrocyte, while XLH4 is retained within the parasite. While XL2 and XLH4 were individually dispensable with little effect on LPC hydrolysis in situ, loss of both enzymes resulted in a strong reduction in fatty acid scavenging from LPC, hyperproduction of phosphatidylcholine, and an enhanced sensitivity to LPC toxicity. Notably, growth of XL/XLH-deficient parasites was severely impaired when cultured in media containing LPC as the sole exogenous fatty acid source. Furthermore, when XL2 and XLH4 activities were ablated by genetic or pharmacologic means, parasites were unable to proliferate in human serum, a physiologically relevant fatty acid source, revealing the essentiality of LPC hydrolysis in the host environment and its potential as a target for anti-malarial therapy.

Advances in Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries based on Conversion Mechanism: Challenges, Strategies, and Prospects.

Recently, aqueous zinc-ion batteries with conversion mechanisms have received wide attention in energy storage systems on account of excellent specific capacity, high power density, and energy density. Unfortunately, some characteristics of cathode material, zinc anode, and electrolyte still limit the development of aqueous zinc-ion batteries possessing conversion mechanism. Consequently, this paper provides a detailed summary of the development for numerous aqueous zinc-based batteries: zinc-sulfur (Zn-S) batteries, zinc-selenium (Zn-Se) batteries, zinc-tellurium (Zn-Te) batteries, zinc-iodine (Zn-I2 ) batteries, and zinc-bromine (Zn-Br2 ) batteries. Meanwhile, the reaction conversion mechanism of zinc-based batteries with conversion mechanism and the research progress in the investigation of composite cathode, zinc anode materials, and selection of electrolytes are systematically introduced. Finally, this review comprehensively describes the prospects and outlook of aqueous zinc-ion batteries with conversion mechanism, aiming to promote the rapid development of aqueous zinc-based batteries.

Ni Single-Atoms Based Memristors with Ultrafast Speed and Ultralong Data Retention.

Memristor with low-power, high density, and scalability fulfills the requirements of the applications of the new computing system beyond Moore's law. However, there are still nonideal device characteristics observed in the memristor to be solved. The important observation is that retention and speed are correlated parameters of memristor with trade off against each other. The delicately modulating distribution and trapping level of defects in electron migration-based memristor is expected to provide a compromise method to address the contradictory issue of improving both switching speed and retention capability. Here, high-performance memristor based on the structure of ITO/Ni single-atoms (NiSAs/N-C)/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)/Au is reported. By utilizing well-distributed trapping sites , small tunneling barriers/distance and high charging energy, the memristor with an ultrafast switching speed of 100 ns, ultralong retention capability of 106  s, a low set voltage (Vset ) of ≈0.7 V, a substantial ON/OFF ration of 103 , and low spatial variation in cycle-to-cycle (500 cycles) and device-to-device characteristics (128 devices) is demonstrated. On the premise of preserving the strengths of a fast switching speed, this memristor exhibits ultralong retention capability comparable to the commercialized flash memory. Finally, a memristor ratioed logic-based combinational memristor array to realize the one-bit full adder is further implemented.

ShenQiWan ameliorates renal injury in type 2 diabetic mice by modulating mitochondrial fusion and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Background: ShenQiWan is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, which is closely related to mitochondrial fusion and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This study aimed to investigate the intervention effect and molecular mechanisms of ShenQiWan on renal injury in KKAy mice. Methods: C57BL/6J mice (11 weeks old) were fed a regular diet upon arrival, while KKAy mice (11 weeks old) were fed a high-fat diet upon arrival. At 12 weeks of age, KKAy mice with random blood glucose ≥13.9 mmol/L were identified as diabetic mice and randomly divided into the model group (n = 30) and the treatment group (n = 30), while C57BL/6J mice of 12 weeks old (n = 30) served as the control group. The treatment group received daily aqueous decoction of ShenQiWan (13.5 g/kg), while the control group and model group received daily equal amounts of saline from 12 weeks old to 24 weeks old. The general status of mice was observed regularly, and fasting blood glucose and 24-hour urine microalbumin were measured. Ten mice were euthanized in each group at the age of 16, 20, and 24 weeks, serum samples were used for biochemical indexes and kidney tissues were used for morphological studies. GRP78, OPA1, MFN1, MFN2 mRNA and protein expression were detected by Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results: The mice in the model group exhibited symptoms of lethargy, slow movement, obesity, polyuria and proteinuria. Morphological observation revealed pathological changes, including thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and interstitial fibrosis. After treatment with ShenQiWan, the fasting blood glucose level of KKAy mice was significantly reduced, urinary albuminuria was decreased, serum biochemical indexes were improved, renal tissue pathological changes were significantly alleviated. The results also showed a significant reduction in the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related factor GRP78 and an increase in the expression of mitochondrial fusion-related factors OPA1, MFN1 and MFN2 after treatment with ShenQiWan. Conclusion: ShenQiWan can protect diabetic mice from renal damage by modulating mitochondrial fusion and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress, exerting its protective effects.

Comparison of laryngeal mask airway and endotracheal tube in general anesthesia in children.

At present, there is no relevant expert consensus indicating which ventilation device is more efficient for general anesthesia. The present literature review and meta-analysis compared the effects of the laryngeal mask airway and endotracheal intubation on airway complications during general anesthesia. The keywords 'laryngeal mask airway', 'endotracheal tube', 'tracheal tube', 'children', 'pediatric', 'anesthesia', 'randomized controlled trials' (RCTs) and 'randomized' were used to perform the literature search in PubMed. Quality assessment was performed by two reviewers according to domains defined by the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Data extraction, risk of bias assessment and quality of evidence assessment were performed with the Cochrane tool. A total of 16 RCTs were included. The results indicated that the effects of the laryngeal mask airway group on heart rate variability [mean difference=-13.76; 95% CI, -18.19-(-9.33); P<0.00001], the incidence of hypoxemia [odds ratio (OR)=0.52; 95% CI, 0.28-0.97; P=0.04] and the incidence of postoperative cough (OR=0.22; 95% CI, 0.12-0.40; P<0.0001) were significantly lower than those of the endotracheal intubation group. The success rate of one-time implantation in the laryngeal mask airway group was significantly higher than that noted in the endotracheal intubation group (OR=0.20; 95% CI, 0.07-0.59; P=0.003). However, no significant differences were noted between the two groups in bronchospasm, sore throat, mucosal injury, nausea and vomiting and reflux aspiration. In conclusion, the results indicated that laryngeal mask airway application can reduce complications during general anesthesia compared with endotracheal intubation.

Event-Triggered Adaptive Neural Control for MIMO Nonlinear Systems With Rate-Dependent Hysteresis and Full-State Constraints via Command Filter.

This article presents an event-triggered adaptive NN command-filtered control for a class of multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear systems with unknown rate-dependent hysteresis in the actuator and the constraints on full states. The ETM is used to reduce the communication frequency between controller and actuator. The command filter technique is first employed to solve the dilemma between the nondifferentiable control signal at triggering instants and rate-dependent hysteresis input premise while avoiding the "explosion of complexity" problem. During the backstepping design, the barrier Lyapunov functions are utilized to guarantee that system states will stay in certain regions and the unknown nonlinear items are approximated by adaptive neural networks. The compensating signals are constructed to eliminate filtering errors. The estimates of unknown hysteresis parameters are updated by adaptive laws. The stability analysis is given and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation.

Interfacial assembled porous bismuthene/Ti3C2Tx MXene heterostructure for highly efficient capacitive deionization.

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is perceived as a promising technology for freshwater production owing to its environmentally friendly nature and low energy consumption. To date, the development of high-performance electrode materials represents the foremost challenge for CDI technology. In this work, the porous bismuthene/MXene (P-Bi-ene/MXene) heterostructure was synthesized using a simple interfacial self-assembly method with two-dimensional (2D) bismuthene and Ti3C2Tx MXene. Within the P-Bi-ene/MXene heterostructure, the porous structure can increase the active site and facilitate ion transport. Simultaneously, MXene effectively enhances the conductivity of the heterostructure, resulting in accelerating electron transport. Due to these attributes, the P-Bi-ene/MXene heterostructure demonstrates high desalination capacity (90.0 mg/g), fast desalination rate, and good cycling performance. The simple self-assembly strategy between 2D/2D materials described herein may offer inspirations for the synthesis of innovative electrode materials with high performance.

Freestanding defective ammonium Vanadate@MXene hybrid films cathode for high performance aqueous zinc ion batteries.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have gained extensive attention due to the numerous advantages of zinc, such as low redox potential, high abundance, low cost as well as high theoretical specific capacity. However, the development of AZIBs is still hampered due to the lack of suitable cathodes. In this work, the freestanding defective ammonium vanadate@MXene (d-NVO@MXene) hybrid film was synthesized by simple vacuum filtration strategy. Due to the presence of the hierarchical freestanding structure, outstanding MXene conductive networks and abundant oxygen vacancy (in the d-NVO nanoribbons), the d-NVO@MXene hybrid film can not only expose more active sites but also possess outstanding conductivity and kinetics of charge transfer/ion diffusion. When the d-NVO@MXene hybrid film was directly used as the cathode, it displayed a high specific capacity of 498 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g and superior cycling stability performance with near 100 % coulomb efficiency. Furthermore, the corresponding storage mechanism was elucidated by ex situ various characterizations. This work provides new ideas for the development of freestanding vanadium-based cathode materials for AZIBs.

MoO2 Nanoclusters Embedded in Hierarchical Nitrogen Doped Carbon Nanoflower as Electrocatalytic Mediators in Aqueous Zinc-Tellurium Batteries: Enhancing Electrochemical Kinetics of Tellurium Redox Reaction.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered to be one of the most promising devices for large-scale energy storage systems owing to their high theoretical capacity, environmental friendliness, and safety. However, the ionic intercalation or surface redox mechanisms in conventional cathode materials generally result in unsatisfactory capacities. Conversion-type aqueous zinc-tellurium (Zn-Te) batteries have recently gained widespread attention owing to their high theoretical specific capacities. However, it remains an enormous challenge to improve the slow kinetics of the aqueous Zn-Te batteries. Here, MoO2 nanoclusters embedded in hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanoflower (MoO2 /NC) hosts are successfully synthesized and loaded with Te in aqueous Zn-Te batteries. Benefitting from the highly dispersed MoO2 nanoclusters and hierarchical nanoflower structure with a large specific surface area, the electrochemical kinetics of the Te redox reaction are significantly improved. As a result, the Te-MoO2 /NC electrode exhibits superior cycling stability and a high specific capacity of 493 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 . Meanwhile, the conversion mechanism is systematically explored using a variety of ex situ characterization methods. Therefore, this study provides a novel approach for enhancing the kinetics of the Te redox reaction in aqueous Zn-Te batteries.

Strong interface coupling boosting hierarchical bismuth embedded carbon hybrid for high-performance capacitive deionization.

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is regarded as a promising desalination technology owing to its low cost and environmental friendliness. However, the lack of high-performance electrode materials remains a challenge in CDI. Herein, the hierarchical bismuth-embedded carbon (Bi@C) hybrid with strong interface coupling was prepared through facile solvothermal and annealing strategy. The hierarchical structure with strong interface coupling between the bismuth and carbon matrix afforded abundant active sites for chloridion (Cl-) capture, improved electrons/ions transfer and the stability of the Bi@C hybrid. As a result of these advantages, the Bi@C hybrid showed a high salt adsorption capacity (75.3 mg/g under 1.2 V), salt adsorption rate and good stability, making it a promising electrode material for CDI. Furthermore, the desalination mechanism of the Bi@C hybrid was elucidated through various characterizations. Therefore, this work provides valuable insights for the design of high-performance bismuth-based electrode materials for CDI.

Imaging operator in indirect imaging correlography.

Indirect imaging correlography (IIC) is a coherent imaging technique that provides access to the autocorrelation of the albedo of objects obscured from line-of-sight. This technique is used to recover sub-mm resolution images of obscured objects at large standoffs in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging. However, predicting the exact resolving power of IIC in any given NLOS scene is complicated by the interplay between several factors, including object position and pose. This work puts forth a mathematical model for the imaging operator in IIC to accurately predict the images of objects in NLOS imaging scenes. Using the imaging operator, expressions for the spatial resolution as a function of scene parameters such as object position and pose are derived and validated experimentally. In addition, a self-supervised deep neural network framework to reconstruct images of objects from their autocorrelation is proposed. Using this framework, objects with ≈ 250 µ m features, located at 1 mt standoffs in an NLOS scene, are successfully reconstructed.

Hierarchical amorphous vanadium oxide and carbon nanotubes microspheres with strong interface interaction for Superior performance aqueous Zinc-ion batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted more and more attention due to their safety, environmental benignity and high theoretical capacity. However, the lack of appropriate cathode materials with high capacity and long cycle life have become an obstacle to the development of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Herein, the hierarchical amorphous vanadium oxide and carbon nanotubes (a-V2O5@CNTs) microspheres with strong interface interaction were successfully prepared by combing facile spray drying technique with annealing treatment. Benefiting from the a-V2O5 amorphous characters, CNTs framework high conductivity and hierarchical microspheres with strong interface interaction, the a-V2O5@CNTs exhibited abundant active sites, fast reaction kinetics as well as eminent structure stability. As a promising electrode material, the a-V2O5@CNTs displayed high specific capacity (480 mAh g-1 at 0.5 A g-1), good rate capability and long-term stability under high current density (158 mAh g-1 at 30 A g-1 over 1000 cycles). Meanwhile, the corresponding mechanism was further illustrated through different characterizations. Furthermore, the as-assembled flexible pouch battery based on the a-V2O5@CNTs delivered outstanding flexibility and feasibility. Hence, this work provides a new idea for developing high performance cathode materials of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Metabolism of host lysophosphatidylcholine in Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes.

The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum requires exogenous fatty acids to support its growth during the pathogenic, asexual erythrocytic stage. Host serum lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a significant fatty acid source, yet the metabolic processes responsible for the liberation of free fatty acids from exogenous LPC are unknown. Using a novel assay for LPC hydrolysis in P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes, we have identified small-molecule inhibitors of key in situ lysophospholipase activities. Competitive activity-based profiling and generation of a panel of single-to-quadruple knockout parasite lines revealed that two enzymes of the serine hydrolase superfamily, termed exported lipase (XL) 2 and exported lipase homolog (XLH) 4, are the dominant lysophospholipase activities in parasite-infected erythrocytes. The parasite ensures efficient exogenous LPC hydrolysis by directing these two enzymes to distinct locations: XL2 is exported to the erythrocyte, while XLH4 is retained within the parasite. While XL2 and XLH4 were individually dispensable with little effect on LPC hydrolysis in situ, loss of both enzymes resulted in a strong reduction in fatty acid scavenging from LPC, hyperproduction of phosphatidylcholine, and an enhanced sensitivity to LPC toxicity. Notably, growth of XL/XLH-deficient parasites was severely impaired when cultured in media containing LPC as the sole exogenous fatty acid source. Furthermore, when XL2 and XLH4 activities were ablated by genetic or pharmacologic means, parasites were unable to proliferate in human serum, a physiologically-relevant fatty acid source, revealing the essentiality of LPC hydrolysis in the host environment and its potential as a target for anti-malarial therapy.

Facile and effective defect engineering strategy boosting ammonium vanadate nanoribbon for high performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Vanadium-based oxides have gained widespread attention as promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their abundant valences, high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, the intrinsic sluggish kinetics and unsatisfactory conductivity have severely hampered their further development. Herein, a facile and effective defect engineering strategy was developed at room temperature to prepare the defective (NH4)2V10O25·8H2O (d-NHVO) nanoribbon with plenty of oxygen vacancies. Owing to the introduction of oxygen vacancies, the d-NHVO nanoribbon possessed more active sites, excellent electronic conductivity and fast ion diffusion kinetics. Benefiting from these advantages, the d-NHVO nanoribbon as an aqueous zinc-ion battery cathode material exhibited superior specific capacity (512 mAh g-1 at 0.3 A g-1), excellent rate capability and long-term cycle performance. Simultaneously, the storage mechanism of the d-NHVO nanoribbon was clarified via comprehensive characterizations. Furthermore, the pouch battery based on the d-NHVO nanoribbon was fabricated and presented eminent flexibility and feasibility. This work provides a novel thought for simple and efficient development of high- performance vanadium-based oxides cathode materials for AZIBs.

Vertically Aligned Bismuthene Nanosheets on MXene for High-Performance Capacitive Deionization.

Capacitive deionization has been considered as a promising solution to the challenge of freshwater shortage due to its high efficiency, low environmental footprint, and low energy consumption. However, developing advanced electrode materials to improve capacitive deionization performance remains a challenge. Herein, the hierarchical bismuthene nanosheets (Bi-ene NSs)@MXene heterostructure was successfully prepared by combining the Lewis acidic molten salt etching and the galvanic replacement reaction, which achieves the effective utilization of the molten salt etching byproducts (residual copper). The vertically aligned bismuthene nanosheets array evenly in situ grown on the surface of MXene, which not only facilitate ion and electron transport as well as offer abundant active sites but also provide strong interfacial interaction between bismuthene and MXene. Benefiting from the above advantages, the Bi-ene NSs@MXene heterostructure as a promising capacitive deionization electrode material exhibits high desalination capacity (88.2 mg/g at 1.2 V), fast desalination rate, and good long-term cycling performance. Moreover, the mechanisms involved were elaborated by systematical characterizations and density functional theory calculations. This work provides inspirations for the preparation of MXene-based heterostructures and their application for capacitive deionization.

High-Entropy Perovskites for Energy Conversion and Storage: Design, Synthesis, and Potential Applications.

Perovskites have shown tremendous promise as functional materials for several energy conversion and storage technologies, including rechargeable batteries, (electro)catalysts, fuel cells, and solar cells. Due to their excellent operational stability and performance, high-entropy perovskites (HEPs) have emerged as a new type of perovskite framework. Herein, this work reviews the recent progress in the development of HEPs, including synthesis methods and applications. Effective strategies for the design of HEPs through atomistic computations are also surveyed. Finally, an outlook of this field provides guidance for the development of new and improved HEPs.

Few-layered Ti3C2Tx MXene synthesized via water-free etching toward high-performance supercapacitors.

MXene has drawn considerable attention in energy storage due to particular physicochemical properties. At present, among most near-ambient temperature preparation methods, water is usually served as the main solvent. However, MXene is usually subjected to fast structural degradation on account of water molecules attacking in aqueous solution. Herein, we report a novel water-free etching strategy for synthesizing few-layered Ti3C2Tx MXenes in deep eutectic solvents at near-ambient temperature. Benefitting from the absence of water and macromolecular structure of deep eutectic solvents, the as-synthesized few-layered Ti3C2Tx (DES-Ti3C2Tx) MXene presents abundant -O terminations and low oxidation degree. As a consequence, the DES-Ti3C2Tx MXene displays excellent specific capacitance of 320 F/g at 2 mV/s. Impressively, the DES-Ti3C2Tx MXene exhibits splendid long-term stability that 97% specific capacitance retention can be acquired over 50 000 cycles at high current density of 50 A/g. Therefore, this study offers a new thought for preparing high performance MXene-based materials by water-free etching method.