Malignant transformation of heterotopic pancreas as middle esophagus adenocarcinoma-A rare case report and comprehensive literature review.

Heterotopic pancreas is a rare congenital abnormality that occurs during the growth and development process. It can be found in any part of the digestive tract, but the most common sites are the stomach, duodenum, and jejunum. Malignant transformation especially in the esophagus is rare. Here, we aim to report an unusual case of mid-esophageal adenocarcinoma that originated from a heterotopic pancreas.

[Responses of root exudates to intercropping of Chinese milk vetch with rape.] / æ ¹ç³»åˆ†æ³Œç‰©å¯¹ç´«äº‘è‹±æ²¹èœé—´ä½œçš„å“åº”.

Root exudates are important carriers for material exchange and information transfer between plant and soil, and important regulators of crop-soil-microorganism interaction in intercropping systems. We examined the interaction between crops in intercropping system by setting three treatments, monoculture Chinese milk vetch, monoculture rape and Chinese milk vetch intercropped with rape. The responses of root exudates were emphatically analyzed. The results showed that 391 root exudates were detected, with 93 of which being identified and divided into nine types of metabo-lites. Among them, organooxygen compounds were the most abundant, mainly in the form of ribitol. Under different planting patterns, root exudates of Chinese milk vetch and rape were significantly different. The characteristics of root exudates in intercropping were similar to monoculture rape, but significantly different from monoculture Chinese milk vetch. Among the root exudates in different planting modes, only 9-fluorenone 1 was negatively correlated with others. The differential root exudates were mainly benzenoids, lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and derivatives, and organooxygen compounds. The benzenoids, lipids and lipid-like molecules were important types that characterized the changes of root exudates of Chinese milk vetch and rape. Chinese milk vetch intercropping with rape changed the characteristics of root exudates, which were closely related to benzenoids, lipids, and lipid-like molecules.

[Effects of shading on photosynthetic characteristics and yield at different growth stages of potato.] / ä¸åŒç”Ÿè‚²æ—¶æœŸé®å ‰å¯¹é©¬é“ƒè–¯å ‰åˆç‰¹æ€§å’Œäº§é‡çš„å½±å“.

We examined the effects of shading photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and tolerance to low light in two potato varieties (Jizhangshu 12 and Jizhangshu 8) at four growth stages (seedling, seedling/budding, budding/early flowering and flowering/harvest). There were three shading treatments (0(CK), 20% and 50%). The results showed that at both 20% and 50% shading rates, the SPAD value (a measure of leaf cellular chlorophyll content) of the two varieties decreased significantly at the seedling stage compared with CK treatment. No significant change in the SPAD value occurred at the seedling/budding stage or the budding/early-flowering stage. However, the SPAD value increased marginally after shading at the initial flowering stage. Under the 50% shading regime, the SPAD values of both varieties followed the same trend as the 20% regime. The range of changes at different growth stages remained similar. The only exception was that shading at the beginning of flowering increased SPAD value. Shading had little effect on leaf stomatal conductance (gs) at each developmental stage. There was no significant difference between all treatments and the control, except that the gsvalue of Jizhangshu 8 decreased significantly (43.9%) compared with the control under 50% shading at the beginning of flowering. After the shading treatment, the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of leaves showed an upward trend. 50% shading at the seedling and seedling/budding stages could significantly increase Ci, but not at other stages. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the four periods were all decreased after 15 d of shading. The Pn reduction of the two varieties, 50% shading, was greater than 20% shading. The decline range of Pn of Jizhangshu 12 was less than that of Jizhangshu 8 at all stages, except for that at the seedling stage. The yield of shading treatments decreased in all four stages, with the decrease rate of 50% shading treatment being greater than that of the 20% shading treatment. 'Jizhangshu 12'was not tolerant to low light at the seedling stage but performed better than 'Jizhangshu 8' at other stages. The comprehensive analysis of two test varieties implied that varieties with strong tolerance to low light experienced a smaller boost in intercellular CO2 concentration and a smaller drop in net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and yield post-shading.

Increased expression of S100A6 promotes cell proliferation in gastric cancer cells.

S100A6 is involved in regulating the progression of cancer. S100A6 can regulate the dynamics of cytoskeletal constituents, cell growth and differentiation by interacting with binding or target proteins. The present study investigated whether S100A6 affects cell proliferation in gastric cancer cells by stimulating several downstream factors. Firstly, the expression and localization of S100A6 were investigated using immunohistochemical staining, an immunoelectron microscopy and laser confocal scanning. A ChIP-Chip assay was performed to determine the downstream factors of S100A6 using promoter Chip analysis, including approximately the -800 to +200 regions around the transcription starting point. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to confirm this. It was found that the intensity of S100A6 staining was markedly higher in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its expression level correlated with that of the Ki67 protein. The overexpression of S100A6 also promoted cell proliferation in AGS and BGC823 cell lines, detected using a Cell Counting-Kit 8 assay. In cells overexpressing S100A6, the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-8, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)5, CDK4, minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 (MCM7) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) were noticeably increased. In conclusion, the increased expression of S100A6 promoted cell proliferation by regulating the expression levels of IL-8, CDK5, CDK4, MCM7 and Bcl2 in gastric cancer cells.

[Reliability of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression in breast cancer evaluated by immunohistochemistry].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) expression in breast cancer by immunohistochemistry and discuss their influencing factors. METHODS: The pretreatment biopsy specimens were collected from 148 patients (from Beijing Cancer Hospital between 2004 to 2010) with invasive breast cancer. After reslicing and staining (ER:SP1, PR: 1E2, HER-2: 4B5), the status of ER, PR and HER-2 was analyzed by a pathological expert with automated imaging system Ariol MB-8. And their results were compared with the original reports. RESULTS: The concordance rates between original reports and automated image system were ER:76.35%, PR:49.32%, HER-2:63.51% while Kappa values 0.12 (P = 0.020) , 0.18 (P = 0.002) and 0.08 (P = 0.200) respectively. And the concordance rates between expert reports and automated image system were ER:93.92%, PR:81.08% and HER-2:76.35% while Kappa values 0.77 (P < 0.001) , 0.67 (P < 0.001) and 0.32 (P < 0.001) respectively. CONCLUSION: For the expressions of ER, PR and HER-2, the disaccording results of original reports and automated image system may be mainly due to the differences of antibodies, staining methods and interpretations.

[Analysis of associations between molecular subtypes and responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary breast cancer patients].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlations between molecular subtypes and responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary breast cancer patients. METHODS: The core-needle biopsy specimens were collected from 563 patients undergoing 4-8 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy between January 2001 to January 2009. And immunohistochemical assays were employed to detect the levels of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki-67 proliferation index simultaneously. Molecular subtypes were divided on the basis of immunohistochemical results. And the associations between molecular subtypes and responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed in 563 patients. RESULTS: The pathological complete response (pCR) rates of patients with hormone receptor-negative/HER2-negative subtype (HR-/HER2-) , HER2-positive subtype (HER2+) and hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative subtype (HR+/HER2-) were 38.9%, 17.9% and 8.3% respectively. In univariate analysis, there were significant differences in pCR rates among the groups (P < 0.001) . In multivariate analysis, the patients with HER2+ subtype had a significantly higher pCR rate than those with HR+/HER2- subtype (OR = 0.344, P = 0.002) . Whereas the patients with HER2+ subtype had a significantly lower pCR rate than those with HR-/HER2- subtype (OR = 2.453, P = 0.007) . Among HR+/HER2-subtypes, a higher pCR rate was observed in the group of high expression level of Ki-67 proliferation index (Ki-67 ≥ 20%) (P = 0.004) . But no significant differences existed in pCR rates between the group of high expression level of hormone receptor and the group of non-high expression level (P = 0.256) . CONCLUSION: There were correlations between molecular subtypes and responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary breast cancer patients. Patients of HER2+and HR-/HER2- subtype are more likely to respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Among HR+/HER2-subtypes, those with a high level of Ki-67 proliferation index tend to benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Presence of S100A9-positive inflammatory cells in cancer tissues correlates with an early stage cancer and a better prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: S100A9 was originally discovered as a factor secreted by inflammatory cells. Recently, S100A9 was found to be associated with several human malignancies. The purpose of this study is to investigate S100A9 expression in gastric cancer and explore its role in cancer progression. METHODS: S100A9 expression in gastric tissue samples from 177 gastric cancer patients was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of its dimerization partner S100A8 and the S100A8/A9 heterodimer were also assessed by the same method. The effect of exogenous S100A9 on motility of gastric cancer cells AGS and BGC-823 was then investigated. RESULTS: S100A9 was specifically expressed by inflammatory cells such as macrophages and neutrophils in human gastric cancer and gastritis tissues. Statistical analysis showed that a high S100A9 cell count (> = 200) per 200x magnification microscopic field in cancer tissues was predictive of early stage gastric cancer. High S100A9-positive cell count was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.009) and tumor invasion (P = 0.011). S100A9 was identified as an independent prognostic predictor of overall survival of patients with gastric cancer (P = 0.04). Patients with high S100A9 cell count were with favorable prognosis (P = 0.021). Further investigation found that S100A8 distribution in human gastric cancer tissues was similar to S100A9. However, the number of S100A8-positive cells did not positively correlate with patient survival. The inflammatory cells infiltrating cancer were S100A8/A9 negative, while those in gastritis were positive. Furthermore, exogenous S100A9 protein inhibited migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested S100A9-positive inflammatory cells in gastric cancer tissues are associated with early stage of gastric cancer and good prognosis.

Sandwich sign of Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the appearance of Borrmann type 4 (BT-4) gastric cancer on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and to investigate the potential of qualitative and quantitative DW images analysis to differentiate BT-4 gastric cancer from poorly distended normal stomach wall. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DWI was performed on 23 patients with BT-4 gastric cancer and 23 healthy volunteers. The signal characteristics and correlated histopathological basis of the cancers on DWI were investigated. The contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) of cancer were compared between DWI and T1WI/T2WI(.) The thickness and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of cancer and normal stomach wall were compared. RESULTS: All of the gastric cancers displayed hyperintensity compared to the nearby normal gastric wall on DWI. A three-layer sandwich sign that demonstrated high signal intensity in the inner and outer layer, and low signal intensity in the intermediate layer was observed in 69.6% of cancers on DWI. The low signal intensity represents the muscularis propria through the comparison with pathology, and it is postulated that scattering distribution of the cancer cells in this layer causes less damage and subsequently less restriction of water movement, which causes the low signal intensity on DWI. The CNR obtained with DWI was higher than that with T1WI and T2WI (P<0.001). The mean ADC value of BT-4 gastric cancer was significantly lower than the poorly distended normal stomach wall (1.12 ± 0.23 × 10(-3)mm(2)/s vs. 1.9 3 ± 0.22 × 10(-3)mm(2)/s, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: DWI can highlight the signals of BT-4 gastric cancer which may present a characteristic three-layer sandwich sign, and ADC values are helpful in the discrimination of gastric cancer from poorly distended stomach wall.

Phospholipase A2 group IIA expression correlates with prolonged survival in gastric cancer.

AIMS: The secreted phospholipase A2 type IIA (PLA2G2A) gene has been identified as a modifier of intestinal adenoma multiplicity in Apc(Min/+) mice. The aim of the present study was to analyse the clinical significance of PLA2G2A expression in human gastric cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using immunohistochemistry, cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of PLA2G2A was observed in 27% (40 of 149) of gastric cancer tissues compared with negative staining in normal mucosa. The PLA2G2A expression rate in well-differentiated carcinoma was elevated significantly compared with that in poorly differentiated carcinoma (46% versus 19%, P = 0.001). Statistical analysis also revealed that PLA2G2A expression correlated negatively with depth of mural invasion, lymph node metastasis and tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (P < 0.05). Patients with positive PLA2G2A expression showed higher 5-year overall survival than those with negative expression (P = 0.0004). In intestinal metaplasia, PLA2G2A was found to be abundant in Paneth cells. The coexistence of PLA2G2A and lysozyme was observed in Paneth cell-rich gastric cancer (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: PLA2G2A may predict survival and might be a potential biomarker for early detection and individualized therapy.

Lymph node distribution and pattern of metastases in the mesorectum following total mesorectal excision using the modified fat clearing technique.

AIM: To define the distribution, size, location and metastasis of lymph nodes (LNs) within the mesorectum from rectal cancer specimens following total mesorectal excision (TME) surgery without neoadjuvant therapy. METHODS: Specimens from 60 patients who underwent TME were treated with modified fat clearing solution to retrieve LNs. The mesorectum was divided into right lateral, anterior, posterior and left lateral sides, which were further subdivided into three levels (upper, middle and lower). RESULTS: 1436 LNs were harvested, including 985 small LNs (<5 mm in size). The number of LNs from the anterior, posterior and bilateral mesorectum was 125 (8.7%), 696 (48.5%) and 615 (42.8%), respectively. In the longitudinal axis, the difference in distribution at the three levels was not significant. 200 LN metastases (mLNs) were detected in 33 patients. 48% (96/200) of these were small LNs. More mLNs, especially small LNs, were shown in the more advanced T stage patients. The mLN metastasis rate was not influenced by tumour level. CONCLUSION: Small LN detection increased the accuracy of N staging by 20% in this study. The incidence of metastasis was the same among the anterior, bilateral and posterior areas of the mesorectum. An increased incidence of mLN metastasis in small LNs was associated with more advanced T staging. mLN metastasis rates in both middle and low rectal cancer were higher in the distal mesorectum than that in the proximal mesorectum. LN number and density were not consistent with spread of the primary tumour. Distal mLNs were found in 35% of cases of both middle and distal rectal cancer, implying a need for TME in both.

[Expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in gastroesophageal cancer with different scoring systems and its relationship with clinicopathological features].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) under different scoring systems in gastroesophageal cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological features. METHODS: Clinicopathological data were retrospectively reviewed of 127 patients with gastroesophageal cancer between January and December 2009 in the Department of Surgery at the Cancer Hospital of Peking University. Tumor specimens were collected. The expression of HER2 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: HER2 positive rate(++/+++) in gastroesophageal cancer was 15.0%(19/127) with both new and traditional immunohistochemical scoring systems, while HER2 strong positive rate(+++) was 10.2%(13/127) and 6.3%(8/127), respectively(P=0.26). Univariate analysis showed that the expression rate of HER2 protein was associated with differentiation and Lauren classification of the tumor. Multivariable analysis showed that TNM staging and tumor differentiation were independently associated with the expression of HER2 protein(both P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is no change in HER2 positive rate in gastroesophageal cancer between the new and traditional immunohistochemical scoring systems. Expression of HER2 is associated with clinicopathological features in the gastroesophageal cancer.

[Gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma and gastric carcinoma with neuroendocrine cell differentiation: a clinical and prognostic analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment, and prognosis of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma and gastric carcinoma with neuroendocrine cell differentiation. METHODS: A total of 19 patients were treated for gastric neuroendocrine cancer or gastric cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation in the Beijing Cancer Hospital from January 1997 to December 2008. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Fourteen patients had neuroendocrine carcinoma in the gastric cardia (n=9) or gastric body(n=5), and 5 patients had gastric cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation in the gastric cardia(n=2), the antrum(n=2), and the entire stomach(n=1). According to the International Classification of Disease for Oncology(2000), patients were divided into gastric carcinoid type I((n=2, 10.5%), type III( sporadic gastric carcinoid (n=9, 47.4%), small cell carcinoma of the stomach(n=3,15.8%), and gastric cancer with neuroendocrine cell differentiation(n=5, 26.3%). Clinical manifestations were mostly non-specific. Diagnosis was based on pathological and immunohistochemical examination. Eighteen patients underwent surgery including radical subtotal gastrectomy and total gastrectomy, of whom 3 underwent simultaneous resection of the liver metastasis. The remaining one patient with small cell carcinoma of the gastric body received chemotherapy alone because of unresectable liver metastasis. The survival rate was 73.7% at 1 year and 38.6% at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma usually develops in the cardia and body of the stomach. Gastric carcinoma with neuroendocrine cell differentiation can occur in any locations of the stomach. Immunohistochemistry is important to the diagnosis. Radical resection is the main treatment.

Breast cancer subtypes and survival in chinese women with operable primary breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between the different breast cancer subtypes and survival in Chinese women with operable primary breast cancer. METHODS: A total of 1538 Chinese women with operable primary breast cancer were analyzed in this study, the median follow-up was 77 months. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 status were available for these patients. RESULTS: Luminal A (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2-) had a favorable disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with other subtypes in the entire cohort. Using the luminal A as a reference, among the patients with lymph node positive disease, HER2+ (ER-, PR-, HER2+) had the worst DFS (hazard ratio, HR=1.80, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.91, P=0.017) and luminal B (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2+) had the worst OS (HR=2.27, 95% CI 1.50 to 3.45, P<0.001); among the patients with lymph node negative disease, triple-negative (ER-, PR-, HER2-) had the worst DFS (HR=2.21, 95% CI 1.43 to 3.41, P<0.001), whereas no significant difference in DFS between HER2+ and luminal B or luminal A was observed. CONCLUSION: As compared with luminal A, luminal B and HER2+ have the worst survival in patients with lymph node positive disease, but this is not the case in patients with lymph node negative disease; triple-negative subtype has a worse survival in both lymph node positive and lymph node negative patients.

S100A6 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and is epigenetically up-regulated in gastric cancer.

S100A6 has been implicated in a variety of biological functions as well as tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the expression status of S100A6 in relation to the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer and further explored a possible association of its expression with epigenetic regulation. S100A6 expression was remarkably increased in 67.5% of gastric cancer tissues as compared with matched noncancerous tissues. Statistical analysis demonstrated a clear correlation between high S100A6 expression and various clinicopathological features, such as depth of wall invasion, positive lymph node involvement, liver metastasis, vascular invasion, and tumor-node metastasis stage (P < 0.05 in all cases), as well as revealed that S100A6 is an independent prognostic predictor (P = 0.026) significantly related to poor prognosis (P = 0.0004). Further exploration found an inverse relationship between S100A6 expression and the methylation status of the seventh and eighth CpG sites in the promoter/first exon and the second to fifth sites in the second exon/second intron. In addition, the level of histone H3 acetylation was found to be significantly higher in S100A6-expressing cancer cells. After 5-azacytidine or trichostatin A treatment, S100A6 expression was clearly increased in S100A6 low-expressing cells. In conclusion, our results suggested that S100A6 plays an important role in the progression of gastric cancer, affecting patient prognosis, and is up-regulated by epigenetic regulation.

[Feasibility of predicting pathological evaluation by ultrasonic evaluation in initial stage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary breast cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between change of tumor size after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and pathological evaluation after 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. And to evaluate the feasibility of predicting pathological evaluation by ultrasonic evaluation in the initial stage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary breast cancer. METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed in women with primary breast cancer, including 138 patients receiving 4 cycles of anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CTX500 mg/m(2), D1, D8 Q28D; THP35 mg/m(2), D1, D8 Q28D; 5-Fu200 mg/m(2)/day.ci D1-D28), and 84 patients receiving 4 cycles of taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (PTX60-80 mg/m(2), D1, D8, D15 Q21D). The ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve was employed to evaluate whether the product change of 2 largest perpendicular diameters of tumor as observed by ultrasonography after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy could exactly predict the pathologic evaluation by the Miller & Payne grading system criteria after 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: When no response, excellent response or pathologic complete remission to neoadjuvant chemotherapy were predicted by ultrasonic evaluation. And the areas under the curve ROC were 0.689, 0.655 and 0.647 respectively (all P values < 0.05). It was predicted as no response by using the traditional standard of ultrasonic evaluation of < 50% or excellent response at > or = 50% (kappa < 0.40). CONCLUSION: Pathological evaluation after 4 cycles of anthracycline- or taxane-based primary chemotherapy in breast cancer can't be predicted reliably only by the product change of 2 largest perpendicular diameters of tumor as observed by ultrasound after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

[Role of transforming growth factor beta1 in the development of atrophic gastritis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) in the development of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)-associated non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis. METHODS: The expressions of TGFbeta1, CD68 and smooth muscle actin(SMA) were detected immunohistochemically in 10 patients with mild non-atrophic gastritis, 30 patients with mild non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis, and 32 patients with severe non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis having H.pylori infecion. Meanwhile, three cases of mild non-atrophic gastritis and 4 cases of severe non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis were observed with electron microscope. RESULTS: The count of TGFbeta1 positive cells per high-power field (HPF) in severe non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis group (53 +/- 22) was significantly higher than that in mild non-atrophic gastritis group(22+/-9/HPF) and mild non-atrophic gastritis group(0-3/HPF, P<0.01). The count of CD68 positive cells in severe non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis group (23+/-7/HPF) was significantly higher than that in mild non-atrophic gastritis group (13+/-6/HPF) and mild non-atrophic gastritis group(0-3/HPF, P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that the expressions of TGFbeta1 and CD68 had a moderate correlation in each group (r=0.634, P<0.01; r=0.699, P<0.01). Compared with mild non-atrophic gastritis, SMA-positive myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in the lamina propria increased in mild and severe non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis. Ultrastructurally, the proliferation of fibroblasts in gastric lamina propria was observed in mild non-atrophic gastritis, while the proliferation of fibroblasts and presence of myofibroblasts could be observed in mild non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis, and there was a parallel phenomenon between myofibroblasts and fibroblasts, as well as smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that TGFbeta1 expression increases with severity of H.pylori- associated non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis, suggesting that TGFbeta1 might play an important role in the development of non-metaplastic atrophic gastritis.

Expression of 1A6 gene and its correlation with intestinal gastric carcinoma.

AIM: To investigate the expression of 1A6 gene in the lesions during the development of intestinal gastric carcinoma. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six cases of intestinal metaplasia (IM) from surgical resections and biopsy were classified by mucous staining. Expression of 1A6 in all cases was detected using immunohistochemical S-P method. RESULTS: The positive rates of 1A6 in normal and superficial gastritis (SG), severe atrophic gastritis (SAG), type I, II, III IM, dysplasia (Dys) and intestinal gastric carcinoma (IGC) were 12.2 %, 16.7 %, 7.1 %, 22.6 %, 47.8 %, 46.9 % and 60.8 %, respectively. A significant difference among type III IM and SG, SAG, type I and II IM was found (P<0.01), the difference between type III and Dys, IGC being not significant. CONCLUSION: As a new tumor-related gene, expression of 1A6 may be an effective parameter to predict the malignant transformation of precancerous lesion to gastric carcinoma.