Student satisfaction with the Service-Learning methodology: an added value in the training of thee nursing degree / Satisfacción de los alumnos con la metodología de Aprendizaje-servicio: un valor añadido en la formación del título de enfermería

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect on the satisfaction of nursing students and the participants of Service-Learning methodology in the development of Health Education workshops. Materials and methods: Service-Learning project was designed in four stages: 1) students training in knowledge about Community Nursing and Health Education; 2) development of healthy workshops for its implementation in associations; 3) implementation of the workshops; 4) reflection on Service-Learning impact. An ad hoc questionnaire was developed to assess students' satisfaction. It was also evaluated the workshops' participant's satisfaction. Results: students reported having a very high level of satisfaction by increasing their scores after improving Service-Learning methodology in the subject. In addition, participants who received health promotion workshops developed by nursing students reported a positive impact on their health. Conclusion: development of Service-Learning methodology associated with health education implies high level of satisfaction in nursing students and a social impact for the community.

Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes de enfermería y los participantes, con la metodología Aprendizaje Servicio en el desarrollo de talleres de Educación para la Salud. Materiales y Método: El proyecto de Aprendizaje-Servicio se diseñó en cuatro etapas: 1) Formación de estudiantes en conocimientos sobre Enfermería Comunitaria y Educación para la Salud; 2) Desarrollo de talleres saludables para su implementación en asociaciones; 3) Implementación de los talleres; 4) Reflexión sobre el impacto del Aprendizaje-Servicio. Se desarrolló un cuestionario ad hoc para evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes. También se evaluó la satisfacción de los participantes de los talleres. Resultados: Los estudiantes informaron tener un nivel de satisfacción muy alto, al aumentar sus puntajes luego de mejorar la metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio en la asignatura. Además, los participantes que recibieron talleres de promoción de la salud, desarrollados por estudiantes de enfermería, reportaron un impacto positivo en su salud. Conclusión: El desarrollo de la metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio asociado a la educación en salud, implica un alto nivel de satisfacción en los estudiantes de enfermería y un impacto social para la comunidad.

La ética de la virtud para lograr la excelencia en el cuidado enfermero / A ética da virtude para alcançar a excelência no cuidado de enfermagem / The ethics of virtue to achieve excellence in nursing care

Las enfermeras se enfrentan diariamente a desafíos éticos y a dilemas morales. Su labor seencuentra identificada con los más altos valores morales y sociales: la vida humana, la dignidadde la persona y la libertad, lo que convierte a la enfermería en una auténtica práctica moral. Estacondición exige que sus profesionales deban desarrollar tanto la competencia técnica, como lacapacidad moral, inspirada en la dimensión solidaria que aparece ante la vulnerabilidad del serhumano y que obliga al profesional a perseguir la excelencia moral a través de la instrucción en elconocimiento de las leyes y los principios morales, y a adquirir y poner en práctica las virtudesque permitan alcanzar el bien interno de la profesión. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar ydescribir las virtudes que las enfermeras deben adquirir para desarrollar su labor de formaexcelente. Así pues, la enfermera que adquiera las virtudes de humildad, prudencia, confianza,fidelidad, diligencia, veracidad, discreción, empatía, sensibilidad, respeto, compasión, altruismo yresponsabilidad será capaz de lograr la excelencia en el cuidado.(AU)

On a daily basis, nurses face ethical challenges and moral dilemmas. Their work isidentified with the highest moral and social values: human life, the dignity of the person andfreedom. All this makes nursing an authentic moral practice. This condition requires that itsprofessionals must develop both technical competence and moral capacity, inspired by thesolidarity dimension that appears in the face of human vulnerability. Circumstance that obliges theprofessional to pursue moral excellence through instruction in the knowledge of laws and moralprinciples, and to acquire and put into practice the virtues that allow achieving the internal goodof the profession. The objective of this study is to identify and describe the virtues that nurses mustacquire to carry out their work in an excellent way. Thus, the nurse who acquires the virtues ofhumility, prudence, trust, fidelity, diligence, truthfulness, discretion, empathy, sensitivity, respect,compassion, altruism and responsibility will be able to achieve excellence in care.(AU)

Os enfermeiros enfrentam desafios éticos e dilemas morais diários. Sua obra se identificacom os mais elevados valores morais e sociais: a vida humana, a dignidade da pessoa e a liberdade,o que faz da enfermagem uma autêntica prática moral. Esta condição exige que os seusprofissionais desenvolvam simultaneamente a competência técnica e a capacidade moral,inspiradas na dimensão solidária que surge perante a vulnerabilidade humana e que obriga oprofissional a perseguir a excelência moral através da formação no conhecimento da leis eprincípios morais, e adquirir e colocar em prática as virtudes que nos permitem alcançar o beminterno da profissão. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar e descrever as virtudes que o enfermeirodeve adquirir para desenvolver seu trabalho de forma excelente. Assim, o enfermeiro que adquireas virtudes de humildade, prudência, confiança, fidelidade, diligência, veracidade, discrição,empatia, sensibilidade, respeito, compaixão, altruísmo e responsabilidade poderá alcançar aexcelência no cuidado.(AU)

Two genomes of highly polyphagous lepidopteran pests (Spodoptera frugiperda, Noctuidae) with different host-plant ranges.

Emergence of polyphagous herbivorous insects entails significant adaptation to recognize, detoxify and digest a variety of host-plants. Despite of its biological and practical importance - since insects eat 20% of crops - no exhaustive analysis of gene repertoires required for adaptations in generalist insect herbivores has previously been performed. The noctuid moth Spodoptera frugiperda ranks as one of the world's worst agricultural pests. This insect is polyphagous while the majority of other lepidopteran herbivores are specialist. It consists of two morphologically indistinguishable strains ("C" and "R") that have different host plant ranges. To describe the evolutionary mechanisms that both enable the emergence of polyphagous herbivory and lead to the shift in the host preference, we analyzed whole genome sequences from laboratory and natural populations of both strains. We observed huge expansions of genes associated with chemosensation and detoxification compared with specialist Lepidoptera. These expansions are largely due to tandem duplication, a possible adaptation mechanism enabling polyphagy. Individuals from natural C and R populations show significant genomic differentiation. We found signatures of positive selection in genes involved in chemoreception, detoxification and digestion, and copy number variation in the two latter gene families, suggesting an adaptive role for structural variation.