[Cerebral structural characteristics in children with unilateral amblyopia: a MRI study]. / Strukturnye osobennosti golovnogo mozga rebenka pri odnostoronnei ambliopii: MRT-issledovanie.

AIM: To study the mechanism of the development of amblyopia using the analysis of brain grey matter parameters. The areas primarily associated with visual cortex in children with amblyopia were analyzed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group comprised 8 right-handed children with left-sided amblyopia. MRI images were obtained by 1.5T Toshiba scanner with 3D MP-RAGE. T1-images were processed with FreeSurfer (5.3.0 version, http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No significant interhemisphere differences by cortical thickness were identified in all tested regions of interest. In correlation analysis, only the positive correlation between visual acuity in the left eye and cortical thickness in the left pericalcarine as well as the positive correlation between visual acuity in the left eye and cortical thickness in the left V1 area obtained using another anatomical atlas survived multiple comparison correction. The findings support the hypothesis that pathological ontogenetic processes in children with amblyopia lead to the structural abnormalities of the primary visual cortex.

[Impact of the method choice and the extent of correction on the development of visual evoked potentials in children and adolescents with refractive anomalies].

The article discusses a possible impact of different refraction correction methods, providing full or partial correction, on visual acuity and the development of visual evoked potentials in children and adolescents with myopia and myopic astigmatism. The accuracy of identification of visual evoked potentials depends, as shown in the article, on the extent of the correction chosen and the method used. In childhood the visual system is very susceptible to visual afferent deficit. The permanent deficit of visual information impedes further maturation of the visual analyzer, i.e. the development of central vision, binocular vision, and stereopsis. In high myopia it is important to decide not only on the extent of the correction but also on the method to use. In patients wearing soft contact lenses the visual evoked potentials have more regular shape, amplitude, and latency. The introduction of silicone hydrogel and daily disposal contact lenses, spherical and toric (for astigmatism correction), provided an opportunity to solve hygienic problems associated with contact lens use in children and adolescents and to decrease the risk of hypoxia complications.

[The comparative study on the efficacy of the combination of serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants and antipsychotics in the treatment of recurrent depressive disorders].

A combination of serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants (prozac and stimulaton) with atypical antipsychotics (zyprexa and solian) reduced depression in patients with recurrent depressive disorders during 10 days. The effect was evenly distributed between 10, 20 and 40 days of treatment. Other symptoms had a peculiar dynamics depending on the therapy. By the end of the study, similar effects were achieved for all groups. The addition of antipsychotics to antidepressant treatment insignificantly increased the number of adverse events.

[Irrigation therapy as a method of intensive care of ophthalmopathology in the posterior eye segment in children].

Presented in the paper are data of a comparative analysis of efficiency of different methods of administration of drugs in neuritis and partial atrophy of the optic nerve. New techniques of application and fixation of irrigation systems in the retrobulbar and Tenon's space are described. Experimental and clinical data proving advantages of the new method of administration of drugs by an automatic pulse doser in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the optic nerve are represented. The use of such intensive intermittent technique of administration of drugs in Tenon's space performed at the preliminary stage before electrostimulation of the optic nerve made the procedure by far more effective and ensured better treatment results.

[Cerebrolysin in the treatment of partial optic atrophy in children]. / Tserebrolizin v lechenii chastichnykh atrofii zritel'nogo nerva u detei.

The purpose of the trial was to investigate efficacy of cerebrolysin in children with partial optic atrophy and to compare different ways of injections of the drug. Cerebrolysin was injected in retrobulbar space and in Tenon's space. The drug was given separately and in combination with trental. Favorable effect has been achieved in all the patients treated with cerebrolysin injections in Tenon's space. In patients treated with retrobulbar injections of cerebrolysin and with injections of cerebrolysin and trental improvement occurred in 50% of cases. In control group, who did not receive cerebrolysin favorable results were achieved in 25% of patients. A 12-month follow-up study stated stability of the effect of cerebrolysin.