Prevalencia e impacto del sangrado menstrual abundante en España: resultados de una encuesta nacional / Prevalence and impact of heavy menstrual bleeding in Spain: Results of a national survey

Antecedentes: El sangrado menstrual abundante (SMA) es un problema ginecológico frecuente. Los datos sobre su prevalencia en España y su impacto son limitados. Material y métodos: Encuesta realizada en España en mujeres de 23-49 años incluidas en un panel en línea voluntario. La encuesta abordó varios aspectos, incluidos las características y el impacto de la menstruación. La información se recogió mediante un cuestionario semiestructurado enviado por correo electrónico. Los resultados se ponderaron por edad y distribución geográfica. Resultados: Se obtuvieron datos de 1.206 mujeres de las 4.478 invitadas (26,9%), de las que 1.169 (96,9%) tenían la menstruación. El 32,7% (n=373) expresó tener «sangrado menstrual excesivo» (SME), lo que se asoció con una mayor frecuencia e intensidad de síntomas menstruales. También con un porcentaje superior de mujeres a las que la menstruación limita «bastante o mucho» (29,1% frente a 15,7% con sangrado normal/leve). Las relaciones sexuales fueron el ámbito más afectado (al 59% les limitaba «bastante o mucho»). El porcentaje de mujeres con afectación de los ámbitos analizados fue significativamente superior entre aquellas con SME, excepto para la vida familiar. El 67,5% de las mujeres con SME había acudido al médico por este motivo; el 19,8% seguía algún tratamiento específico. Conclusiones: En nuestra muestra de 1.206 mujeres de edad fértil, el 6,2% presentaba SMA (SME+limitación «bastante o mucho» de la vida diaria). El SME tiene un impacto importante en la vida diaria de la mujer. Dos de cada 3consultan al médico por este motivo.(AU)

Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common gynecological complaint. Data on its prevalence and impact in Spain are limited. Material and methods: A voluntary web-based survey was conducted in Spain among women aged 23–49. The survey covered several aspects of menstruation, including the characteristics and impact. The information was gathered using a semi-structured questionnaire sent by email. Results were weighted by age and geographic distribution. Results: Of the 4478 women invited to participate, 1206 (26.9%) responded, of whom 1169 (96.9%) were menstruating. 32.7% (n=373) said they experienced “excessive menstrual bleeding” (EMB), which was associated with increased frequency and intensity of menstrual symptoms as well as a higher percentage of women whose menstruation limited them “a lot or quite a lot” (29.1% vs. 15.7% with normal/light bleeding). Sexual intercourse was the domain most affected (59% were limited “a lot or quite a lot”). Except for family life, the impact on the domains analyzed was significantly higher among women with EMB. 67.5% of women with EMB had seen a doctor for this reason; 19.8% were receiving some type of treatment. Conclusions: In our sample of 1206 women of childbearing age, 6.2% had HMB (EMB+“a lot or quite a lot” of limitations of daily activities). Excessive menstrual bleeding has a major impact on the daily lives of women. Two out of 3see a doctor for this reason.(AU)

SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in a hospital in Madrid, Spain.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are especially vulnerable to infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among HCWs from February 24th to April 30th, 2020, in a hospital in Madrid, Spain. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study. Cumulative COVID-19 incidence was calculated for all HCWs and categorized according to presumed level of COVID-19 exposure (high, medium, and low). FINDINGS: Among 1911 HCWs, 213 (11.1%) had COVID-19 during the study period. Cases increased gradually from March 8th, peaking on March 17th and declining thereafter. The peak of cases among HCWs was reached 14 days before the peak in admitted COVID-19 cases in the hospital. There were no significant differences in the proportion of COVID-19 cases according to level of occupational exposure (P = 0.123). There were five departments and two professions in which >20% of the workers had confirmed COVID-19. Temporal clusters were identified in three of these departments and one profession, with most of the cases occurring over a period of less than five days. The prevalence of comorbidities was low and 91.5% of patients had mild or moderate symptoms. Eleven patients were admitted to the hospital and one patient needed intensive care. None of the patients died. The median time of sick leave was 20 (interquartile range: 15-26) days. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that HCW-HCW transmission accounted for part of the cases. In spite of a low prevalence of comorbidities and a mild clinical course in most cases, COVID-19 caused long periods of sick leave.

ESC expert statement on the effects on mood of the natural cycle and progestin-only contraceptives.

Hormonal fluctuations during the natural cycle, as well as progestins used for hormonal contraception, can exert effects on mood especially in vulnerable women. Negative effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraception on mood are rare.

Incontinencia de orina y menopausia / Urinary incontinence and menopause

La asociación entre incontinencia de orina (IU) y menopausia es controvertida, si bien algunos autores encuentran asociación, otros no. Los estudios epidemiológicos que si la encuentran, generalmente no es en todos los tipos, sino que describen aumentos de un tipo (IU mixta y de urgencia), e incluso en ocasiones descenso de otro (IU de esfuerzo) (1). La IU es un problema complejo y multifactorial, cuya prevalencia aumenta con la edad, y si bien el déficit estrogénico, característico de la menopausia, pudiera estar en relación con la IU, también existen otros factores que la pueden causar o favorecer

The association between urinary incontinence (UI) and menopause is controversial, though some authors find association, others not. The epidemiological studies that if they find her, generally it is not in all the types, but they describe increases of a type (mixed UI and of urgency), and even in occasions decrease of other one (UI of effort) (1). The UI is a complex problem and multifactorial, whose prevalencia increases with the age, and though the deficit estrogénico, typical of the menopause, could be in relation with the UI, also there exist other factors that they can cause or favor