Implementation and Knowledge of the Clinical Practice Guide for Palliative Care in the Ecuadorian Primary Care Level.

Ecuador assumed the commitment of including Palliative Care (PC) in its health policies. In 2014, the Ministry of Public Health (Ministerio de Salud Pública, MSP) approved the Clinical Practice Guide for Palliative Care (Guía de Práctica Clínica sobre Cuidados Paliativos, GPCCP), with application at the national level, as a mandatory internal regulation in all institutions belonging to the National Health System. In 2021, there is no evidence about the degree of implementation. The objective was to evaluate the implementation (I) of the GPCCP guide and the knowledge (C) of the health personnel working in the Zone 7 Health Centers (HCs). This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and prospective study. A total of 292 professionals were interviewed: managers (38), physicians (150), and nurses (104). Three surveys based on the GPCCP guide were elaborated: one for the implementation, which was applied to the individuals in charge, and the others to assess the health professionals' knowledge. The SPSS program was used, version 25. In the three groups, more than half of the participants had no training in PC, 91.2% of the HCs have the GPCCP guide, there is PC medical history (MH) in 38.2%, and morphine is used in 14.7%. The implementation of the GPCCP guide was inadequate in 52.9% of the cases. Only 25% treat the agony symptoms and 30%, delirium; 4.4% acknowledge the use of morphine in dyspnea, and 13.3% identify the subcutaneous route as the first choice for hydration at the end-of-life phase. Strategies to implement the GPCCP guide and to improve the health personnel's knowledge must be implemented in Zone 7 centers.

Health care provided to immigrants in a humanitarian aid center in Spain.

OBJECTIVE: Objective of this study is to explore the most prevalent pathologies of the population received in the Spanish coast and to know the nursing prehospital interventions required, as well as the treatments applied and their follow-ups. DESIGN AND MEASURES: A descriptive and retrospective study. SAMPLE: A total of 481 immigrants cared for by the Red Cross in the study period. RESULTS: Dermatological pathologies were more frequent in men (32.1). In women, the most prevalent pathology was headache (19%). According to age, dermatological pathologies prevail in those over 18 years of age (31.9%) and in children, respiratory pathologies (42.9%). Relationships were found statistically significant between gender and type of disease and between specifying or not nursing interventions (p < .001). Age was also related to the type of diagnosis and the type of nursing interventions to be carried out (p < .001). CONCLUSION: In general, a good state of health was considered in the migrants, concluding that knowing the pathologies or activities to be carried out according to the sociodemographic variables would help improve the quality of the assistance.

Effects of Advertising on Food Consumption Preferences in Children.

(1) Background: Childhood obesity is a public health problem. The purpose of this study was to know if exposure to commercial messages which advertise food products exerts any effect on the short-term consumption preferences of 4- to 6-year-old children. (2) Methods: A double-blind and randomized experimental design. Sample consisted of 421 boys and girls from twelve schools in a city in Spain. (3) Results: In three of the four product pairs shown, the products advertised in the intervention were preferred. In the results of applying the model for the first product pair presented, sugared cereals, the predictive variable which best explains the behavior of the preferences expressed is gender (Odds Ratio 0.285 (0.19-0.42); p < 0.05). For the second pair, chocolate cookies, the family's nationality has a strong weight in the model. As regards the regression model calculated for the last pair (filled rolls), the predictive variable which showed having more influence was gender. Boys had a 1.39 times higher risk of selecting the advertised product than girls. (4) Conclusions: The persuasive effect of commercials has shown to be influential in a general, immediate, and significant way only in the case of products with wide brand awareness. This study reinforces the importance of advertising and emphasizes the need to initiate measures to control the content of TV commercials.

Correction to: Evaluation of the impact of breastfeeding support groups in primary health centres in Andalusia, Spain: a study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial (GALMA project).

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil.

Breakfast is the first and most important meal of the day, and omitting it is associated with a greater probability of overweight and school absenteeism. The eating habits constituted in children depend on social, educational and economic factors, and they usually perpetuate into adulthood. For this reason, the most propitious stage for health promotion interventions on healthy nutrition is childhood. Specifically, in Brazil, malnutrition is relevant in children from low-income families although, currently, there are few studies that relate nutrition with the social factors. In this study, a reliability analysis of the Eating Habits of the School Population questionnaire was conducted, and the items referring to the breakfast habits and to some sociodemographic variables were selected. Subsequently, a total of 470 fourth grade pupils self-completed the questionnaire in 12 schools in Uruguaiana (Brazil). More than 50% of the mothers and more than 70% of the fathers worked in diverse areas of services and sales in stores or supermarkets. With regards to the hypothesis contrast, a significant relation was observed between the frequency of having breakfast with the father or the mother and having had breakfast (p < 0.001). This type of study favors a population analysis for the subsequent design and execution of health promotion activities.

Compassionate Engagement and Action in the Education for Health Care Professions: A Cross-Sectional Study at an Ecuadorian University.

Objective: This study aimed at exploring the compassion attitudes and needs for awareness and training related to a compassionate approach for Medicine, Nursing, and Psychology students, as well as for the academic and administration personnel from the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL, Ecuador) Health Sciences area. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study, based on a self-administered questionnaire through a sample of 788 UPTL students. STROBE guidelines were followed and applied. Results: A positive correlation was found between life engagement and compassion for others, from others, and self-compassion. The Nursing students were those who reported having previous experiences of contact with people with an advanced disease or in an end-of-life situation and having received some type of training compared to Medicine and Psychology students and lecturers (faculty members). Differences were found on the "self-compassion" and "compassion for others" subscales, noting a higher level of compassion among Psychology students. Conclusions: To implement the philosophy of compassionate universities it is necessary to design trainings that include the students, the faculty members, and the administrative staff, centered on sensitization and training about assistance, care, and accompaniment at the end of life, as well as cultivating compassion in the workplace.

Videogame-related experiences among regular adolescent gamers.

The objective of this study was to identify the videogame-related experiences expressed by regular adolescent gamers and to explore the socio-family factors related to these experiences. A cross-sectional observational and descriptive study was carried out with a convenience sample of regular Spanish videogamers between 16 and 18 years old. To measure the use of videogames for evasion and its negative consequences, the Questionnaire of Videogame-Related Experiences (Cuestionario de Experiencias Relacionadas con Videojuegos, CERV) was used and socio-family variables collected, evaluating their relationship with the results of the CERV. A total of 206 adolescents participated, 89.3% men [84.3-93.2] and 17.9% [12.9-23.9] allocating more than 35 hours a week to videogames. The CERV subscale related to the evasive use of videogames (max. = 24 points) obtained a mean value of 11.71 (SD = 3.52) and the mean value for the subscale related to the negative consequences (max. = 27 points) was 7.14 (SD = 3.33). A higher frequency of high values of evasive use (p = .038) and higher scores of this subscale (p = .02) were found in gamers without brothers or sisters. Higher scores and larger numbers of negative consequences were found in gamers who play more than 21 hours a week (p = .032). In conclusion, frequent use of videogames does not seem to be carried out with an evasive purpose, except in the case of absence of siblings. Frequent videogame use has only proven to carry a higher level of negative consequences when playing more than 21 hours a week. No other socio-family variables related to these subscales of the CERV have been identified.

Evaluation of the impact of breastfeeding support groups in primary health CENTRES in Andalusia, Spain: a study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial (GALMA project).

BACKGROUND: In 2003, the World Health Organization recommended exclusive breastfeeding (EB) during the newborn's first 6 months of life and, if possible, during the first 2 years. However, EB rates resist these recommendations. In developed countries, only 1 out of 3 babies is breastfed during its first 6 months of life, and great differences between areas and countries can be observed. Only 35% of the newborns receive breastfeeding at 3-4 months of age. There are diverse strategies described in the literature that have proven their efficiency in improving breastfeeding rates. It has also been proven that professional support is an effective tool to extend any kind of breastfeeding; besides, it has been observed that mother-to-mother support also increases breastfeeding initiation, sustainment, and exclusive duration. The overall aim of the study is to assess the impact of the support groups on the sustainment of exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months after birth. METHODS/DESIGN: This study is a cluster-random multicentric clinical trial with a control group and an intervention group, without blinding because it is impossible to mask the intervention. A randomization by centres of primary health (clusters) will be carried out. The women allocated to the intervention or control group will be randomized with a simple randomization sampling. The participants' breastfeeding rate will be followed up at the first 10 days, and at 2, 4, and 6 months of their newborn's life. DISCUSSION: There is a need to assess the impact of mother support groups on exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to analyse the outcomes related to the support received and to identify what should the structure of these groups be; in other words, to describe factors related to a better breastfeeding experience in order to help women increase breastfeeding rates. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial is prospectively recorded at the ISRCTN registry (Trial ID: ISRCTN17263529 ). Date recorded: 17/06/2020.

Chronic Diseases and Associated Factors among Older Adults in Loja, Ecuador.

(1) Background: This study aimed to explore the symptoms, functional status, and depression in patients with chronic diseases in Loja, Ecuador. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with patients over 60 years old having at least one chronic disease and cared for in healthcare centers of the Health Ministry of Ecuador or living in associated geriatric centers. (3) Results: The sample comprised 283 patients with a mean age of 76.56 (SD 7.76) years. The most prevalent chronic diseases were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, followed by arterial hypertension and diabetes. Patients with a joint disease had the worst scores for the majority of the symptoms assessed with the Edmonton Scale. Cancer, dementia, and arterial hypertension contributed the most to the dependence levels assessed with the Barthel Index. Dementia contributed the most to the poor performance status evaluated with the Karnofsky Performance Status. Cancer and diabetes contributed the most to depression. Patients with a higher number of chronic diseases reported worse functional status. (4) Conclusions: Targeted interventions to address symptoms, functional status, and depression in patients with chronic diseases are needed.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Expectations of Physicians with Respect to Palliative Care in Ecuador: A Qualitative Study.

Background: The worldwide need for palliative care is high, especially in mid- income countries like Ecuador, where the percentage of patients receiving such care is very small due to the scarcity of infrastructure and specialized personnel and to the unequal distribution in the country. The objective of this study is to explore the knowledge, attitudes and expectations related to palliative care of the physicians in Ecuador. Methods: A qualitative study based on 28 semi-structured interviews, from March 2014 to November 2016, with physicians working in four cities in Ecuador recruited through the snowball technique. Thematic analysis was developed supported by the ATLAS.ti software. Results: Five core themes were identified: (1) training, (2) health policy, (3) professionals' activities, (4) health services and (5) development of palliative care in Ecuador. Conclusions: Strategies are needed which intensify the training of medical professional in palliative care, as well as avail the human resources and materials for providing it.

Analysis of Prehospital Care of Migrants Who Arrive Intermittently at the Coasts of Southern Spain.

Background: The aim of this study is to identify the sociodemographic characteristics and the most frequent diseases and nursing interventions carried out on migrants arriving by sea at southern Spain. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study based on the database of the Spanish Red Cross Intervention Activation System. All migrants who arrived on the coasts of a southern province during 2016 and were assisted by the Red Cross were included. Results: A total of 2027 people were registered, mostly males, aged between 18 and 40 years. Of these, 4.9% required healthcare, and 2.9% were referred to hospital. Highlighted diagnoses were headaches (15.6%), pregnancy (12.8%), and lower-limb wounds (6.4%), and outstanding nursing interventions were "care of wounds" (24.7%), "pain management" (21.9%), and "prenatal care" (15.2%). Statistically significant relationships were found between the diagnosed diseases and gender, geographic area of origin, and seasonal time of the year, as well as between nursing interventions performed and those three variables. Conclusions: Although in general, a good health condition was observed in most of the migrants treated, the most frequent health situations attended were related to dermatological, gynecological, and headache problems. The most performed nursing interventions were related to skin/wound care and promotion of physical comfort, requiring a low need for hospital transfers. Female gender, origin from sub-Saharan Africa and arrival in the summer period carry a greater risk of suffering health problems when migrants reach Spanish coasts.

Determinants of Physical Activity Performed by Young Adults.

Despite the World Health Organization considering it important to promote physical activity as part of a healthy lifestyle, the official data show an increase in the percentage of physical inactivity, which has brought about the development of strategies at different levels (national and international) to reverse this trend. For the development of these strategies, it is relevant to know what the determinants of physical activity (at leisure and at work) are. Therefore, this is going to be analysed in the autochthonous young adults from Seville. A cross-sectional survey of their health behaviours was carried out. The sample was selected through a proportionally stratified random sampling procedure. From the results, we highlight that the general perceived health status is good and that most physical activity is performed during leisure time. However, a majority of the population analysed reported overweight or obesity. Participants with a low perceived health status, those who have low social support from their family and friends, and those who do not smoke are the ones who have more probability of engaging in physical activity during their leisure time. However, gender, education level, and alcohol consumption are revealed as determinants of the intensity of physical activity at work. In this regard, men and/or participants with a low level of studies are those who carry out more physically demanding activities at work.

Análisis de contenido de la publicidad de productos alimenticios dirigidos a la población infantil / Content analysis of food adverts aimed at children

Objetivo: Conocer los contenidos y los mecanismos de persuasión utilizados en los anuncios de productos alimenticios procesados dirigidos al público infantil en Andalucía, comparándolos con los dirigidos al público adulto. Métodos: Estudio basado en la técnica de análisis del contenido publicitario, con dos fases: una de diseño descriptivo y otra de diseño analítico observacional. Se procedió a seleccionar una muestra de anuncios procedentes de 60 horas de programación de los dos canales de televisión de mayor audiencia en Andalucía. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 416 anuncios de productos alimenticios procesados y bebidas no alcohólicas, de los que se identificaron 91 productos distintos. El 42,9% (n=39) estaba dirigido al público infantil y el 53,8% (n=49) correspondía a productos clasificados como «no saludables». Estos últimos eran más frecuentes en los anuncios para niños (p <0,001). Se observaron diferencias significativas entre los anuncios dirigidos al público adulto y los dirigidos al público infantil, de modo que se utilizan, con más frecuencia en estos últimos, recursos persuasivos emotivos e irracionales, tales como la fantasía (p <0,001), los dibujos animados (p <0,001) o la entrega de obsequios con la compra del producto (p=0,003). Conclusiones: La publicidad de productos alimenticios dirigidos al público infantil en Andalucía se basa fundamentalmente en la oferta de productos de escaso valor nutricional y en el empleo de recursos persuasivos basados en la fantasía o en la oferta de regalos, centrando el mensaje más en el incentivo que en el alimento. Deben ponerse en marcha medidas más eficaces que los actuales sistemas de autorregulación para contrarrestar estas informaciones publicitarias distorsionadas (AU)

Objective: To determine the contents and persuasive techniques used in processed food adverts aimed at children in Andalusia, comparing them with those aimed at adults. Methods: Study based on advert content analysis with two phases: a descriptive design phase and an analytical observational design phase. A sample of adverts from 60hours of broadcasting from the two most watched television channels in Andalusia. Results: A total of 416 food and non-alcoholic beverage adverts were obtained, for 91 different products. Aproximately 42.9% (n=39) was aimed at children and 53.8% (n=49) were products classified as ‘unhealthy’. Unhealthy foods were more common in adverts for children (p <0.001). Significant differences were found between the ads aimed at adults and those aimed at children. Emotional and irrational persuasive resources such as fantasy (p <0.001), cartoons (p <0.001) or offering gifts with the purchase of the product (p=0.003) were observed more frequently in adverts for children. Conclusions: Food advertising aimed at children in Andalusia is mainly based on offering products with a low nutritional value and using persuasive resources based on fantasy or gifts. The message is focused on the incentive and not the food. More effective measures than the current self-regulatory systems must be put in place to counter these distorted adverts (AU)

[Content analysis of food adverts aimed at children]. / Análisis de contenido de la publicidad de productos alimenticios dirigidos a la población infantil.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the contents and persuasive techniques used in processed food adverts aimed at children in Andalusia, comparing them with those aimed at adults. METHODS: Study based on advert content analysis with two phases: a descriptive design phase and an analytical observational design phase. A sample of adverts from 60hours of broadcasting from the two most watched television channels in Andalusia. RESULTS: A total of 416 food and non-alcoholic beverage adverts were obtained, for 91 different products. Approximately 42.9% (n=39) was aimed at children and 53.8% (n=49) were products classified as "unhealthy". Unhealthy foods were more common in adverts for children (p <0.001). Significant differences were found between the ads aimed at adults and those aimed at children. Emotional and irrational persuasive resources such as fantasy (p <0.001), cartoons (p <0.001) or offering gifts with the purchase of the product (p=0.003) were observed more frequently in adverts for children. CONCLUSIONS: Food advertising aimed at children in Andalusia is mainly based on offering products with a low nutritional value and using persuasive resources based on fantasy or gifts. The message is focused on the incentive and not the food. More effective measures than the current self-regulatory systems must be put in place to counter these distorted adverts.

Physical Activity in Latin American Immigrant Adults Living in Seville, Spain.

BACKGROUND: Self-rated health status of the Latin American immigrant population in Spain varies by gender, education and doing physical exercise. Physical activity patterns have not been described. OBJECTIVE: The aims are to describe self-reported physical activity in adult Latin American immigrants living in Seville (Spain) and explore relationships of physical activity with sociodemographic and health-related variables. METHOD: A representative sample of 190 immigrants between the ages of 25 and 44 years who live in Seville responded to the Centers for Disease Control's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (Spanish-language version) from May 2010 through May 2011. RESULTS: Physical activity (PA) was practiced by 66.8% during leisure time, 49.2% had a normal weight, and 20.5% were on a diet. The practice of PA was higher in women who had a normal weight, a good state of health and a higher education. Older age was associated with exercising during free time. DISCUSSION: Population-specific strategies are needed to improve the practice of PA among Latin American immigrants in Spain. Research focused on other emerging immigrant groups is needed.

Use of health services by adult Latin American immigrants residing in Seville.

OBJECTIVE: This work sought to describe the use of health services by adult Latin American immigrants from Seville. METHODOLOGY: This was a descriptive cohort study with the participation of 190 adult Latin American immigrants from 25 to 44 years of age, residing in the city of Seville (Spain) in 2011. A self-report survey was applied. RESULTS: Within the past year, 67% of the individuals have visited a physician and 23% have attended nursing consultation. A total of 14% of the immigrants who called on a healthcare center reported that their experience was worse than that of others. La annual prevalence by accidents was: 10% domestic, 4% traffic-related and 9% occupational; nearly half these accidents justified emergency care or hospitalization due to their severity. The logistic regression model revealed that health services were used mostly by: women, those in poor self-perceived health status, those with secondary level of education, the elderly, and those who were single. CONCLUSION: The population studied presents adequate use of health services, although it would be recommendable to implement prevention activities by nurses in the immigrant's work and family environment to reduce the accident incidence described by this group.

Influencia del fenómeno migratorio sobre la tuberculosis en una zona semiurbana / Influence of Migration on Tuberculosis in a Semi-Urban Area

Objetivos: Describir las características epidemiológicas de la tuberculosis y analizar las diferencias existentes entre pacientes autóctonos e inmigrantes en el Área III de Salud de la Región de Murcia. Métodos: Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo de casos de tuberculosis declarados al Servicio de Vigilancia Epidemiológica en el periodo 2004-2009. La recogida de datos se realizó a través del sistema de enfermedades de declaración obligatoria, la revisión de historias clínicas y las encuestas epidemiológicas. Resultados: Se detectaron 162 casos, y 110 (67,9%) correspondían a inmigrantes, cuyas tasas de incidencia oscilaron de 43,4 a 101,2 casos/100.000 habitantes. Los principales países de procedencia fueron Ecuador (42,7%), Bolivia (30%) y Marruecos (18,2%).En el momento del diagnóstico, el colectivo inmigrante era más joven que la población española (p < 0,001). El retraso diagnóstico global fue de 50,5 días: 59,5 en españoles y 47 en extranjeros. Los marroquíes presentaron mayor proporción de tuberculosis extrapulmonares (p = 0,02). La población inmigrante realizó mayoritariamente tratamiento con 4 fármacos (p < 0,001). La población autóctona tuvo mejor adherencia al tratamiento tuberculostático (p = 0,04) y la enfermedad se asoció al tabaquismo (p < 0,001), al alcoholismo (p = 0,01) y al uso de drogas parenterales (p < 0,001), mientras que en el colectivo inmigrante el factor de riesgo más relevante fue el hacinamiento (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: Las tasas de incidencia de tuberculosis son muy elevadas en población inmigrante. El principal factor de riesgo medible en este colectivo es el hacinamiento, mientras que en la población española se asocia al consumo de sustancias tóxicas y a una mayor edad

Aims: To describe the epidemiology of tuberculosis and analyzing the differences among native and immigrant patients in Area III of the Region of Murcia. Methods: Cohort study of tuberculosis cases reported to the Epidemiological Surveillance Service from 2004 to 2009. Data collection was performed through the System of Notification Diseases, reviewing clinical files and epidemiological surveys. Results: One hundred and sixty two cases were detected; 110 (67.9%) were immigrants, whose incidence rates ranged from 43.4 to 101.2 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. Ecuador (42.7%), Bolivia (30%) and Morocco (18.2%) were the main nationalities. Immigrants were younger than Spanish population (P < 0.001). The overall diagnostic delay was 50.5 days: 59.5 in Spanish and 47 in foreigners. Moroccans had higher proportions of extrapulmonary TB (P = 0.02). Mainly, immigrant population took treatment with four drugs (P < 0.001). Natives had better treatment adherence (P = 0.04). Spanish cases of tuberculosis were associated with smoking (P < 0.001), the same as alcohol consumption (P = 0.01) and injection drug use (P < 0.001), nevertheless in the foreign-born population the most relevant risk factor was overcrowding (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The incidence of tuberculosis rates are higher among immigrant population, where the main risk factor is overcrowding. In contrast, Spanish cases are associated with toxic substances consumption and increasing age

Use of health services by adult Latin American immigrants residing in Seville / Utilización de servicios sanitarios de los inmigrantes latinoamericanos adultos residentes en Sevilla / Utilização de serviços sanitários dos imigrantes latino-americanos adultos residentes em Sevilla

Objetivo.Describir la utilización de los servicios sanitarios de los inmigrantes latinoamericanos adultos de Sevilla. Metodología.Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en el que participaron 190 inmigrantes latinoamericanos adultos de 25 a 44 años residentes en la ciudad de Sevilla (España) en 2011. Se aplicó una encuesta que fue respondida por autorreporte. Resultados.En el último año, el 67% de las personas ha visitado al médico y un 23% ha acudido a la consulta de enfermería. El 14% de los inmigrantes que acudió a un centro sanitario reportó que su experiencia fue peor que la de otros. La prevalencia anual por accidentes fue: 10% doméstico, 4% de tránsito y 9% ocupacional; cerca de la mitad de estos accidentes justificaron la atención de urgencias o la hospitalización por su severidad. El modelo de regresión logística mostró que utilizaron más los servicios de salud las mujeres, quienes tenían mal estado de salud autopercibida, los que tenían estudios secundários y universitarios y los solteros. Conclusión. La población estudiada presenta una adecuada utilización de los servicios sanitarios, aunque sería recomendable implementar actividades preventivas por parte de la enfermera en el ámbito laboral y familiar del inmigrante para reducir la accidentabilidad descrita por este colectivo.

Objective. This work sought to describe the use of health services by adult Latin American immigrants from Seville. Methodology. This was a descriptive cohort study with the participation of 190 adult Latin American immigrants from 25 to 44 years of age, residing in the city of Seville (Spain) in 2011. A self-report survey was applied. Results. Within the past year, 67% of the individuals have visited a physician and 23% have attended nursing consultation. A total of 14% of the immigrants who called on a healthcare center reported that their experience was worse than that of others. La annual prevalence by accidents was: 10% domestic, 4% traffic-related and 9% occupational; nearly half these accidents justified emergency care or hospitalization due to their severity. The logistic regression model revealed that health services were used mostly by: women, those in poor self-perceived health status, those with secondary level of education, the elderly, and those who were single. Conclusion. The population studied presents adequate use of health services, although it would be recommendable to implement prevention activities by nurses in the immigrant's work and family environment to reduce the accident incidence described by this group.

Objetivo. Descrever a utilização dos serviços sanitários dos imigrantes latino-americanos adultos de Sevilla. Metodologia.Estudo descritivo de corte no que participaram 190 imigrantes latino-americanos adultos de 25 a 44 anos residentes na cidade de Sevilla (Espanha) em 2011. Aplicou-se uma enquete que foi respondida por auto-relatório. Resultados. No último ano 67% das pessoas visitaram ao médico e um 23% foi à consulta de enfermagem. 14% dos imigrantes que foram a um centro sanitário reportaram que sua experiência foi pior do que a de outros. A prevalência anual por acidentes foi: 10% doméstico, 4% de trânsito e 9% ocupacional; cerca da metade destes acidentes, justificaram o atendimento de urgências ou a hospitalização por sua severidade. O modelo de regressão logística mostrou que utilizaram mais os serviços de saúde: as mulheres, os que tinham mau estado de saúde auto-percebida, os que tinham estudos secundários e maiores e os solteiros. Conclusão.A população estudada apresenta uma adequada utilização dos serviços sanitários, ainda que seria recomendável implementar atividades preventivas por parte da enfermeira no âmbito trabalhista e familiar do imigrante para reduzir a acidentalidade descrita por este coletivo.

[Risk factors and cardiovascular events in adult Latin American immigrants in the Macarena District, Seville, Spain: a pilot study]. / Factores de riesgo y eventos cardiovasculares en inmigrantes latinoamericanos adultos en el Distrito Macarena, Sevilla, España: estudio piloto.

In order to estimate the prevalence of self-reported risk factors and cardiovascular events in an adult immigrant Latin American population of District 2 (Macarena) in Seville, we conducted a pilot study using cross-sectional descriptive research. We used an anonymous questionnaire with self-reported risk factors and cardiovascular events. 34 people participated (18% of the sample); mean age: 31.8 years, mean residence: 6.5 years, women: 52.9%. Prevalence of risk factors: diabetes 8.8%, high cholesterol 14.7% and high blood pressure 23.5%. Prevalence of coronary events was 8.8%; angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and stroke, 2.9% each. The conclusion is that self-reported prevalence of cardiovascular events was higher than in the literature, this issue deserving the attention of health agencies. This knowledge should be considered by nurses to develop culturally appropriate care plans of the context of immigrants.

Factores de riesgo y eventos cardiovasculares en inmigrantes latinoamericanos adultos en el Distrito Macarena, Sevilla, España: estudio piloto / Fatores de risco e eventos cardiovasculares em imigrantes latino americanos adultos no Distrito Macarena, Sevilla, Espanha: estudo piloto / Risk factors and cardiovascular events in adult Latin American immigrants in the Macarena District, Seville, Spain: a pilot study

Con la finalidad de estimar la prevalencia por autorreporte de factores de riesgo y eventos cardiovasculares en población latinoamericana inmigrante adulta del Distrito 2 (Macarena) de Sevilla, se realizó un estudio piloto de investigación descriptiva de corte transversal. Fue utilizado un cuestionario anónimo con autorreporte de factores de riesgo y eventos cardiovasculares. Resultados: participaron 34 personas, (18% de la muestra), media etaria: 31,8 años, residencia media: 6,5 años, mujeres: 52,9%. Prevalencias de factores de riesgo: 8,8% diabetes, 14,7% colesterol elevado y 23,5% hipertensión arterial. Prevalencia de eventos coronarios corresponde a 8,8%: angina de pecho, infarto de miocardio y accidente cerebrovascular: 2,9% para ambos. Se concluye en que la prevalencia de eventos cardiovasculares autorreportados supera la mencionada en la literatura, mereciendo este asunto la atención de los organismos sanitarios. Este dato debe ser tenido en cuenta por enfermería para elaborar planes de cuidados adaptados culturalmente al contexto de este colectivo inmigrante.

Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de auto-relato de fatores de risco e eventos cardiovasculares na população latinoamericana imigrante adulta do Distrito 2 (Macarena) de Sevilla. Estudo piloto de investigação descritiva de corte transversal, utilizou-se um questionário anônimo com auto-relato de fatores de risco e eventos cardiovasculares. Participaram 34 pessoas, (18% do total da mostra), idade média: 31,8 anos, residência média: 6,5 anos, mulheres: 52.9%. Prevalências de fatores de risco: 8,8% diabetes, 26.5% colesterol elevado e 14,5% hipertensão arterial. Prevalência de eventos coronários é de 8,8%: angina de peito, infarto do miocárdio e acidente cerebrovascular, com 2,9% cada um. A conclusão é que a auto-relatada prevalência de eventos cardiovasculares é maior do que a literatura, esta questão merece a atenção de agências de saúde, este conhecimento deve ser considerada pelas enfermeiras para desenvolver planos de cuidados culturalmente apropriado do contexto dos imigrantes.

In order to estimate the prevalence of self-reported risk factors and cardiovascular events in an adult immigrant Latin American population of District 2 (Macarena) in Seville, we conducted a pilot study using cross-sectional descriptive research. We used an anonymous questionnaire with self-reported risk factors and cardiovascular events. 34 people participated (18% of the sample); mean age: 31.8 years, mean residence: 6.5 years, women: 52.9%. Prevalence of risk factors: diabetes 8.8%, high cholesterol 14.7% and high blood pressure 23.5%. Prevalence of coronary events was 8.8%; angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and stroke, 2.9% each. The conclusion is that self-reported prevalence of cardiovascular events was higher than in the literature, this issue deserving the attention of health agencies. This knowledge should be considered by nurses to develop culturally appropriate care plans of the context of immigrants.