Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , Osteoma Osteoide/diagnóstico , Biópsia por Agulha , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Criança , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Extremidade Inferior , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Osteoma Osteoide/cirurgia , Dor/diagnóstico , Dor/etiologia , Medição de Risco , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Fibrous dysplasia is a well-known benign dysplastic process of bone. However, fibrous dysplasia is very uncommon in the spine. Further, to our knowledge, coexistence of fibrous dysplasia and aneurysmal bone cyst in the spine has not been reported. This manuscript presents a patient who had both processes involving the cervical spine.
Assuntos
Cistos Ósseos Aneurismáticos/complicações , Displasia Fibrosa Óssea/complicações , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/complicações , Adulto , Cistos Ósseos Aneurismáticos/diagnóstico , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Cervicais/patologia , Feminino , Displasia Fibrosa Óssea/diagnóstico , Humanos , Radiografia , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/diagnósticoAssuntos
Tendão do Calcâneo , Basquetebol/lesões , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Traumatismos dos Tendões/patologia , Adulto , Traumatismos em Atletas/patologia , Traumatismos em Atletas/reabilitação , Traumatismos em Atletas/cirurgia , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Humanos , Escala de Gravidade do Ferimento , Masculino , Prognóstico , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Ruptura/patologia , Ruptura/terapia , Traumatismos dos Tendões/reabilitação , Traumatismos dos Tendões/cirurgia , Traumatismos dos Tendões/terapia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Ultrassonografia/métodosAssuntos
Fraturas de Estresse/diagnóstico por imagem , Ossos do Metatarso/lesões , Adulto , Feminino , Traumatismos do Pé/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas de Estresse/diagnóstico , Fraturas de Estresse/fisiopatologia , Fraturas de Estresse/terapia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Ossos do Metatarso/diagnóstico por imagem , Dor/etiologia , Radiografia , CintilografiaAssuntos
Traumatismos do Tornozelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas da Tíbia/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Traumatismos do Tornozelo/terapia , Moldes Cirúrgicos , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Consolidação da Fratura/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Radiografia , Fraturas da Tíbia/terapiaRESUMO
Computed tomography is a primary imaging technique for evaluating congenital and developmental anomalies of the foot and ankle. Other imaging modalities have special capabilities, but computed tomography is a fast, safe, and effective method of assessing the anatomy. To demonstrate this point, the authors present and discuss imaging findings of common anomalies of the foot and ankle.
Assuntos
Tornozelo/anormalidades , Anormalidades Congênitas/diagnóstico por imagem , Deformidades Congênitas do Pé/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Tornozelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Detection and treatment of vascular injuries in extremity and pelvic trauma can be challenging. Angiography, while no longer routinely used in asymptomatic patients, is still a primary means of diagnosis. Appropriate patient selection based on physical examination, along with other less invasive imaging modalities, can decrease the need for angiography while still detecting the vast majority of clinically significant injuries. Angiography also plays a definitive therapeutic role in most cases of significant hemorrhage in the pelvis through precise identification and selective embolization of bleeding vessels.
Assuntos
Falso Aneurisma/etiologia , Artéria Braquial , Fraturas do Úmero/complicações , Falso Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Braquial/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RadiografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Many computed tomographic (CT) imaging protocols are used for pretreatment assessment of tibial plateau fractures. This study compares the diagnostic capabilities of 4 CT protocols. METHODS: Lateral tibial plateau fractures were induced in 19 knee specimens and CT scans were obtained with the following protocols: 1) 3-mm collimation, axial acquisition, 2) 3-mm collimation, helical acquisition, 3) mixed-increment collimation, axial acquisition, and 4) 3-mm collimation, helical acquisition with 50% overlap reconstruction of raw data. Two-dimensional coronal and sagittal reformations and 3-dimensional surface reconstruction images were analyzed for maximum fragment depression, peripheral fragment displacement, fracture pattern classification and quality of image. Specimen dissection established maximal articular surface depression, fragment displacement and actual fracture pattern. RESULTS: None of the 2-dimensional reformations from the 4 protocols proved statistically superior for determining maximal fracture depression, fragment displacement, or fracture classification. There was a trend toward more accurate fracture classification with the mixed-increment axial protocol and the overlap protocol than either of the 3-mm protocols, but this was not statistically significant. All protocols were statistically equivalent in predicting fracture pattern classification using 3-dimensional images. However, the 3-dimensional images were of significantly higher quality when obtained with either the mixed-increment axial protocol or the overlap protocol. CONCLUSIONS: There were no statistically significant differences in the objective assessment of tibial plateau fractures among the 4 different protocols. The 3-dimensional images derived from the mixed-increment axial protocol and the 3-mm helical protocol with 50% overlap reconstruction were of superior quality.
Assuntos
Fraturas da Tíbia/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Cadáver , Humanos , Joelho/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
An ankle radiographic series frequently is obtained when a patient presents with an acute ankle and foot injury. Although many fractures are confined to the ankle and are readily apparent, fractures of the foot can mimic ankle injuries. It is important to differentiate these fractures of the foot from the more common ankle sprain. Most ankle sprains are treated with ice, compression, and elevation, followed by range-of-motion exercises and progressive weight bearing as tolerated. When foot fractures are not identified, however, lack of appropriate treatment can result in late complications. Concentration on key areas as described here will reduce the incidence of missed fractures of the foot in these patients.
Assuntos
Traumatismos do Tornozelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Ossos do Pé/lesões , Fraturas Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , RadiografiaAssuntos
Ligamentos Articulares/lesões , Articulação Metacarpofalângica/lesões , Esqui/lesões , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Adulto , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Humanos , Ligamentos Articulares/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Articulação Metacarpofalângica/patologia , Ruptura/diagnóstico , Ruptura/terapia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Polegar/lesões , Polegar/patologia , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/terapiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of cervical flexion and traction on foraminal volume and isthmus area at the C5-C6 foraminal space in cadavers. DESIGN: This study evaluated the foraminal space at C5-C6 in cadaver specimens during flexion and traction of the cervical spine. SETTING: An orthopedic biomechanics laboratory and department of radiology of a university medical center. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Nine cadaver cervical spines, C1 through T3, were used in the study. Superficial tissues were dissected, preserving the ligaments. INTERVENTIONS: Proximal and distal portions of the cadaver spines were potted using bone cement. Spines were mounted and imaged with computed tomography in neutral position, 15 degrees of flexion, and maximum flexion with and without 25lbs of axial traction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The areas and volumes of the foramen were measured and calculated. RESULTS: Flexion alone significantly increased the foraminal volume and isthmus area at C5-C6. Traction resulted in little additional change. CONCLUSIONS: For cervical spines with mild to moderate degenerative changes at C5-C6, cervical flexion with or without traction produces significant increases in foraminal volume and area at the foraminal isthmus.