RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: During the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities confined adults, adolescents and children to their homes. Recent articles warn of possible long-term consequences on mental health, especially for those who suffer from underlying psychiatric conditions and for vulnerable sections of the population. The present study explores the psychological impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on outpatients at the Centre of Child and Adolescent Mental Health (CAMHS), which is based in Barcelona. METHODS: A total of 441 caregivers answered an online ad-hoc survey on their sociodemographic and economic situation, perceived stress, and clinical changes and coping strategies observed in their children during lockdown. The Chi-square test was used to compare the response percentages for each behaviour or symptom between age, gender and diagnostic groups. Variance and post-hoc test were also analyzed, as was the Pearson correlation. RESULTS: The use of electronic devices has significantly increased. There has also been an increase in symptoms such as attentional problems, fatigue and irritability, among others. Differences were found between age and gender groups. The diagnostic groups most affected by confinement were Autism Spectrum Disorders and Conduct Disorders. The survey also discovered a relationship between the loss of family income, parental stress and increased symptoms in children. CONCLUSION: Confinement has increased externalizing symptoms and behaviours as well as COVID-19 related concerns, somatic problems and anxieties. It is important to observe the fluctuation of symptoms and how young people adapt to the pandemic in order to reach a better understanding of the situation and devise new strategies to reduce the psychological impact of the pandemic.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Adulto , Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Saúde Mental , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Controle de Doenças TransmissíveisRESUMO
Los trastornos del espectro de la esquizofrenia incluyen un abanico de disfunciones cognoscitivas y emocionales que abarcan alteraciones en la percepción, del pensamiento inferencial, del lenguaje y la comunicación, del comportamiento, de la afectividad, la fluidez y productividad del pensamiento y el habla, de la capacidad hedónica, de las funciones ejecutivas. Algunos de estos síntomas se solapan con los contemplados en el espectro autista. Establecer el diagnóstico diferencial y/o la comorbilidad puede resultar complicado, especialmente en personas adultas con trastorno del espectro autista con buen funcionamiento en el área intelectual y del lenguaje. En este artículo, presentamos un caso de un paciente de 28 años con una amplia trayectoria psiquiátrica, diagnosticado de trastornos del espectro de la esquizofrenia y sospechas de un posible trastorno del espectro autista que nos permite analizar y revisar el solapamiento y las diferencias entre ambos diagnósticos (AU)
The schizophrenia spectrum disorders include a wide variety of cognitive and emotional dysfunctions. These can cause some alterations in the perception of the inferential thinking, in the language and communication, in the behaviour, in the affectivity, in the thinking and language fluency and production, as well as in hedonic capacity and executive functions. Some of these symptoms overlap those in the autism spectrum. Establishing the differential diagnosis and/or the comorbidity could be really complex, especially among adults, who suffer the autism spectrum disorder but having a good functioning in the intellectual and language area. Through this article, the specific case is presented of a patient aged 28 who suffers a wide trajectory of psychiatric symptoms. He was diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorders and some suspicion of a possible autism spectrum. An analysis and review is presented on the overlapping symptoms and the differences that exist between both diagnoses (AU)
