Influence of insole material density in the stability of patients with prosthetic unilateral transtibial amputation.

People with lower limb amputation present greater displacements of their centre of gravity in a static situation than able-bodied individuals, as they depend on visual information to a greater extent, which implies an altered stability pattern. The efficacy of different hardness of plantar support to help maintain stability has not yet been determined. The aim of the present study is to assess stability in people with unilateral transtibial amputation with prosthesis in a static situation with insoles of different degrees of hardness and visual conditions with respect to the able-bodied population. For this purpose, 25 patients with amputation and 25 able-bodied individuals were included in both groups, postural stability was assessed by stabilometry. This assessment was carried out under normal conditions (on the floor of the dynamometric platform with eyes open), and under altered conditions (with the interposition of different materials such as plantar support: rigid and soft insoles and, eyes shut). Three variables were considered to assess stability: length of movement of the barycenter (mm), lateral velocity (mm/sg) and anterior velocity (mm/sg). All of them were analysed with the patient in static on the dynamometric platform. The results showed statistically significant differences between the two groups, (amputees and controls) with less stability in the amputee group (p < 0.05) when analysing the variables of length of movement of the barycenter, lateral velocity and anterior velocity. Amputee patients with open eyes exhibited greater stability than those with closed eyes. The hard insoles improved the stability data in amputees (length of movement of the barycenter and anterior velocity) with respect to the barefoot condition, and the soft insoles showed less stability than the patients with hard insoles, or than the barefoot patients. From the results obtained in this study, we can conclude that the PP-DWST 4 mm rigid insoles improve static stability in people with amputation. However, soft insoles impair stability and are therefore discouraged.

Food patterns and nutritional assessment in Galician university students

The access of the young people to the university marks a fundamental break in their lives that may also result in a substantial change in their dietary habits. The aim of this study was to characterize the food patterns, body composition and biochemical profiles of Galician university students from the University of Santiago de Compostela (Campus de Lugo). A total of 62 students participated in this survey. For each individual, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid profile were measured. Also, the participants filled questionnaires of dietary habits, Mediterranean and Atlantic diet adherence, risk of type II diabetes and physical activity, lifestyle and personal and family histories. A BMI within the normal range was shown by 72% of students. Eight volunteers (12.90%) presented high levels of total cholesterol (>200 mg/dL), and 54.55% of women had levels of HDL-cholesterol above 60 mg/dL. Five students had levels of glucose above 100 mg/dL, being four men and one woman. None of the participants presented high blood pressure, but 11.29% were in pre-hypertension status. The intake of carbohydrates was below the recommendations, while protein and lipids were above. There was an excessive consumption of bakery, alcohol beverages, sausages and ready-made food. The students showed medium adherence to Atlantic and Mediterranean diet and low risk of type II diabetes mellitus and a sedentary lifestyle. Since university students are a group especially prone to poor dietary habits, it seems necessary to promote changes towards healthier meals and rescue the Mediterranean-like dietary pattern

Food patterns and nutritional assessment in Galician university students.

The access of the young people to the university marks a fundamental break in their lives that may also result in a substantial change in their dietary habits. The aim of this study was to characterize the food patterns, body composition and biochemical profiles of Galician university students from the University of Santiago de Compostela (Campus de Lugo). A total of 62 students participated in this survey. For each individual, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid profile were measured. Also, the participants filled questionnaires of dietary habits, Mediterranean and Atlantic diet adherence, risk of type II diabetes and physical activity, lifestyle and personal and family histories. A BMI within the normal range was shown by 72% of students. Eight volunteers (12.90%) presented high levels of total cholesterol (>200 mg/dL), and 54.55% of women had levels of HDL-cholesterol above 60 mg/dL. Five students had levels of glucose above 100 mg/dL, being four men and one woman. None of the participants presented high blood pressure, but 11.29% were in pre-hypertension status. The intake of carbohydrates was below the recommendations, while protein and lipids were above. There was an excessive consumption of bakery, alcohol beverages, sausages and ready-made food. The students showed medium adherence to Atlantic and Mediterranean diet and low risk of type II diabetes mellitus and a sedentary lifestyle. Since university students are a group especially prone to poor dietary habits, it seems necessary to promote changes towards healthier meals and rescue the Mediterranean-like dietary pattern.

Infección por Inermicapsifer Madagarcariensis. (Davaine, 1870; Baer, 1956) / From Inermicapsifer Madagarcariensis (Davaine, 1870, Baer, 1956)

Se reportó un caso de parasitismo por Inermicapsifer Madagascariensis, en un joven de 24 años de edad de la raza blanca. Este cestodo es más común en los primeros años de vida, pero como se observa hay que tenerlo en cuenta en otras edades.  En Cuba, Pedro Kourí en 1938 describió con el nombre de Railletina cubensis, un cestodo que ahora se denomina Inermicapsifer Madagascariensis. En aquella época solo había sido reportado en hiraooides y roedores Africanos, se desconocía entonces su presencia en humanos, además el escolex de ese primer ejemplar no fue examinado a profundidad por temor a destruirlo en su preparación, por eso este autor consideró pertenecía al género Railletina, sin embargo, en 1939, cuando examinaba más ejemplares, se da cuenta que el escolex no presentaba ganchos y los renombra como Inermicapsifer cubensis.l En la actualidad ha quedado resuelto de cierta manera, lo concerniente a la historia del descubrimiento y clasificación de dicho helminto, pues Baer dio a conocer la descripción del mismo, después de un viaje que realizó a Inglaterra, renombrando el espécimen descrito por Grenet y Davaine, lo acepta como la misma especie reportada por Kouri y aplica la "Ley de la Prioridad" de acuerdo con el código Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológica, por lo que el nombre de Inermicapsifer Cubensis y todos los anteriores pasan a sinonimia y es cambiado por el de Inermicapsifer Madagascariensis (Davaine 1870; Baes 1952).[AU]