RESUMO
Resumen Introducción: Las enfermedades/lesiones del aparato locomotor son un problema de salud frecuente, producen discapacidad y disminuyen la calidad de vida. Objetivo: El objetivo principal consistió en evaluar cómo influyen las condiciones de salud del aparato locomotor sobre el desempeño de las actividades diarias. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado con una muestra de 24 personas adultas operadas recientemente por una lesión/enfermedad del aparato locomotor, en una clínica de traumatología/ortopedia de A Coruña (España). Se utilizó un cuestionario de evaluación basado en la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, la Discapacidad y la Salud. Resultados: Las actividades que realizaban con dificultad durante la lesión/enfermedad, con una frecuencia mayor, fueron las laborales o educativas (85,6%), seguidas por las transferencias, el cuidado del hogar y el ocio/tiempo libre (75%, cada una). En relación a los factores ambientales facilitadores, fue más frecuente la ayuda personal (presente en el 71,4% de las actividades estudiadas) que los productos de apoyo (utilizados en el 35,7% de actividades). Sólo encontraban barreras en el desempeño de la ducha/baño (8,3%), de tipo arquitectónico. Las lesiones/enfermedades en extremidad superior se asociaron significativamente con percibir dificultad en el vestido superior (p<0,001), alimentación (p<0,001), arreglo personal (p=0,001), preparar la comida (p=0,001) y usar dispositivos/técnicas de comunicación (p=0,037); las localizadas en extremidad inferior se relacionaron con la dificultad para la vida social/comunitaria/cívica (p=0,039). Conclusión: Las condiciones de salud del aparato locomotor comprometen seriamente el desempeño diario y la participación, por lo que es necesario desarrollar actuaciones de terapia ocupacional para promover la autonomía y calidad de vida.
Resumo Introdução: Doenças/lesões do sistema musculoesquelético são um problema de saúde frequente, pois produzem deficiência e diminuem a qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Avaliar como as condições de saúde do sistema locomotor influenciam o desempenho das atividades diárias. Método: Estudo descritivo transversal, realizado com 24 adultos recentemente operados por uma lesão/doença do sistema locomotor, em uma clínica de traumatologia/ortopedia em A Coruña (Espanha). Foi utilizado um questionário de avaliação com base na Classificação Internacional de Funcionamento, Deficiência e Saúde. Resultados: As atividades realizadas com dificuldade durante a lesão/doença, com maior frequência, foram trabalho ou educação (85,6%), seguidas de transferências, cuidados domiciliares e lazer/tempo livre (75% cada). Quanto aos fatores ambientais facilitadores, a assistência pessoal foi mais frequente (presente em 71,4% das atividades estudadas) do que os produtos de suporte (utilizados em 35,7% das atividades). Os indivíduos com deficiência apenas encontraram barreiras no desempenho do chuveiro/banheiro (8,3%), de tipo arquitetônico. As lesões/doenças na extremidade superior foram significativamente associadas à dificuldade percebida no vestuário superior (p <0,001), alimentação (p <0,001), higienec pessoal (p=0,001), preparação de alimentos (p=0,001) e uso de dispositivos/técnicas de comunicação (p=0,037); aqueles localizados na extremidade inferior estavam relacionados à dificuldade de vida social/comunidade/cívica (p=0,039). Conclusão: As condições de saúde locomotora comprometem seriamente o desempenho e a participação diária, pelo que é necessário desenvolver atividades de terapia ocupacional para promover a autonomia e a qualidade de vida.
Abstract Introduction: Diseases/injuries of the musculoskeletal system are a frequent health problem, produce disability and diminish quality of life. Objective: The main objective was to evaluate how the health conditions of the locomotor system influence the performance of daily activities. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out with a sample of 24 adults recently operated for an injury/disease of the locomotor system, in a traumatology/orthopedics clinic in A Coruña (Spain). An evaluation questionnaire based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health was used. Results: The activities performed with difficulty during the injury/illness with a higher frequency were work or education (85.6%), followed by transfers, domestic tasks and leisure/free time (75%, each). Regarding the facilitating environmental factors, personal assistance was more frequent (present in 71.4% of the activities studied) than the assistive products (used in 35.7% of activities). They only found barriers in the performance of the bathing/showering activity (8.3%), of architectural type. Injuries/diseases in the upper extremity were significantly associated with perceived difficulty in upper dressing (p <0.001), feeding (p <0.001), grooming (p=0.001), preparing food (p=0.001) and using devices/communication techniques (p=0.037); those located in the lower extremity were related to the difficulty for social/community/civic life (p=0.039). Conclusion: Locomotor health conditions seriously compromise daily performance and participation, so it is necessary to develop occupational therapy interventions to promote autonomy and quality of life.
RESUMO
On October 15, 2016, experts met at Clínica CEMTRO in Madrid, Spain, under the patronage of the Spanish Society for Sports Traumatology (SETRADE), the Spanish Society of Sports Medicine (SEMED), the Spanish Association of Medical Services for Football Clubs (AEMEF), the Spanish Association of Medical Services for Basketball Clubs (AEMB), F.C. Barcelona, and Clínica CEMTRO. The purpose was to consider the most appropriate clinical management and treatment of tendinopathies in sports, based on proven scientific data described in the medical literature as well as on each expert's experience. Prior to the meeting, each expert received a questionnaire regarding clinical management and treatment of tendinopathies in sports. The present consensus document summarizes the answers to the questionnaire and the resulting discussion and consensus regarding current concepts on tendinopathies in sports.
RESUMO
On the 21st of March, 2015, experts met at Clínica CEMTRO in Madrid, Spain, under the patronage of The Spanish Society for Sports Traumatology (SETRADE), The Spanish Federation of Sports Medicine (FEMEDE), The Spanish Association of Medical Services for Football Clubs (AEMEF), and The Spanish Association of Medical Services for Basketball Clubs (AEMB) with the aim of establishing a round table that would allow specialists to consider the most appropriate current general actions to be taken when treating muscle tears in sport, based on proven scientific data described in the medical literature. Each expert received a questionnaire prior to the aforementioned meeting comprising a set of questions concerning therapeutic indications generally applied in the different stages present during muscle repair. The present Consensus Document is the result of the answers to the questionnaire and resulting discussion and consensus over which are the best current indications in the treatment of muscle tears in sport. Avoiding immobilization, not taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) randomly, fostering early mobilization, increasing vascularization of injured, site and regulating inflammatory mechanisms-without inhibiting these from the early stages of the recovery period-all stood out as main points of the Consensus Document. Additionally, there is controversy concerning cell stimulation techniques and the use of growth factors or cell inhibitors. The decision concerning discharge was unanimous, as was the criteria considered when it came to performing sport techniques without pain.
