Cow bones char as a green sorbent for fluorides removal from aqueous solutions: batch and fixed-bed studies.

Cow bone char was investigated as sorbent for the defluoridation of aqueous solutions. The cow bone char was characterized in terms of its morphology, chemical composition, and functional groups present on the bone char surface using different analytical techniques: SEM, EDS, N2-BET method, and FTIR. Batch equilibrium studies were performed for the bone chars prepared using different procedures. The highest sorption capacities for fluoride were obtained for the acid washed (q = 6.2 ± 0.5 mg/g) and Al-doped (q = 6.4 ± 0.3 mg/g) bone chars. Langmuir and Freundlich models fitted well the equilibrium sorption data. Fluoride removal rate in batch system is fast in the first 5 h, decreasing after this time until achieving equilibrium due to pore diffusion. The presence of carbonate and bicarbonate ions in the aqueous solution contributes to a decrease of the fluoride sorption capacity of the bone char by 79 and 31 %, respectively. Regeneration of the F-loaded bone char using 0.5 M NaOH solution leads to a sorption capacity for fluoride of 3.1 mg/g in the second loading cycle. Fluoride breakthrough curve obtained in a fixed-bed column presents an asymmetrical S-shaped form, with a slow approach of C/C 0 â†’ 1.0 due to pore diffusion phenomena. Considering the guideline value for drinking water of 1.5 mg F-/L, as recommended by World Health Organization, the service cycle for fluoride removal was of 71.0 h ([F-]feed âˆ¼ 9 mg/L; flow rate = 1 mL/min; m sorbent = 12.6 g). A mass transfer model considering the pore diffusion was able to satisfactorily describe the experimental data obtained in batch and continuous systems.

Alteration of ganglioside biosynthesis responsible for complex hereditary spastic paraplegia.

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) form a heterogeneous group of neurological disorders. A whole-genome linkage mapping effort was made with three HSP-affected families from Spain, Portugal, and Tunisia and it allowed us to reduce the SPG26 locus interval from 34 to 9 Mb. Subsequently, a targeted capture was made to sequence the entire exome of affected individuals from these three families, as well as from two additional autosomal-recessive HSP-affected families of German and Brazilian origins. Five homozygous truncating (n = 3) and missense (n = 2) mutations were identified in B4GALNT1. After this finding, we analyzed the entire coding region of this gene in 65 additional cases, and three mutations were identified in two subjects. All mutated cases presented an early-onset spastic paraplegia, with frequent intellectual disability, cerebellar ataxia, and peripheral neuropathy as well as cortical atrophy and white matter hyperintensities on brain imaging. B4GALNT1 encodes ß-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase 1 (B4GALNT1), involved in ganglioside biosynthesis. These findings confirm the increasing interest of lipid metabolism in HSPs. Interestingly, although the catabolism of gangliosides is implicated in a variety of neurological diseases, SPG26 is only the second human disease involving defects of their biosynthesis.

Epidemiological surveillance of informal workers' health in two cities in southeastern Brazil: the experience of the TRAPP-TRAPPURA projects.

Informal labor markets have grown in peripheral countries, accounting for more than 50% of jobs. There is anecdotal evidence of a direct relation between informal sector growth and an increase in the frequency and severity of work-related diseases and injuries. Two sister pilot projects were conducted in Uberaba and Campinas, Brazil to develop population-based epidemiological surveillance of workplace injuries in the informal sector. Results for Campinas and Uberaba found cumulative yearly incidences of 5.1% and 10.4%, with incidence rates of 2.2 and 6.5 injuries per 100,000 worked hours, respectively. The proportions of lost work time were 0.3% and 0.31%. Rates found were comparable to those found in the literature for both formal and informal jobs. These results suggest that bad working conditions in the formal labor market are replicated in the informal market as subcontracting and outsourcing contribute to the growth of informal jobs.

Avaliação do sucesso de 20 casos de levantamentos de seio maxilar utilizando osso autógeno particulado e Gen-Ox inorgânico associados em partes iguais (1: 1) - controle de dois anos / Success evaluation of 20 cases of maxillary sinus lifting with filled with 1: 1 mixture of particulate, autogenous and Gen-Ox-anorganic bones - a two-year follow-up study

A técnica do levantamento de seio maxilar permite instalação de implantes em regiões maxilares posteriores deficientes. Os autores realizaram 20 casos, dez com 16 implantes instalados no mesmo estágio (grupo 1) e dez com 14 implantes instalados cinco meses após a enxertia (grupo 2). Foi usada uma combinação de osso autógeno particulado e Gen-Ox anorgânico (proporção de 1:1). Seis meses após a instalação dos implantes eles foram reabertos e as próteses metalocerâmicas implantossuportadas foram instaladas. Os pacientes foram submetidos a controles clínicos e radiográficos e após dois anos apresentaram um índice de sucesso de 100% no grupo 1 e 78,6% no grupo 2 com perda de três implantes. O índice de sucesso dos tratamentos independente de grupos foi de 90%.

Maxillary sinus lifting allows implant placement in maxillary posterior deficient areas. The authors performed 20 cases, ten with 16 implants installed in the same day of surgical procedure (group 1) and ten with 14 implants installed five months later (group 2). Six months after implant placement, implant-supported, metalloceramic prostheses were fabricated. Clinical and radiographic follow-ups were made. After two years, a success rate of 100% and 78.6% was verified in groups 1 and 2 (three implants lost), regardless of timing for implant placement. The overall success rate was 90%.

Estética em implantodontia, da reconstrução à prótese: apresentação de um caso / A Esthetic in Implantodontia, from the Reconstruction to the Protesis - a Case Report

A estética através da reabilitação com implantes é resultado de uma boa manipulação dos tecidos moles e duros. Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de reabilitação de incisivos laterais bilateralmente com variação da incisão para reconstrução com objetivo de preservar a estrutura gengival já existente

Estética em implantodontia, da reconstrução à prótese - apresentação de um caso clínico / Aesthetics in implantology from reconstruction to prosthesis: a case report

A estética, através da reabilitação com implantes, é resultado de uma boa manipulação dos tecidos moles e duros. Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de reabilitação de incisivos laterais bilateral com variação daincisão para reconstrução com o objetivo de preservar a estrutura gengival já existente.

A good aesthetic appearance through rehabilitation with implants is the result of a skilful manipulation of the soft and hard tissues. The authors report a clinical case of the bilateral rehabilitation of lateral incisors withvariation of the incision with the aim of preserving the existing structure of the gingiva.