RESUMO
The current approach to medical management of irradiated patients begins with early diagnosis of radiation injury. Medical assessment of radiation dose is based on event history, symptomatology and laboratory results, with emphasis on time to emesis and lymphocyte depletion kinetics. Dose assessment provides a basis for early use of haematopoietic growth factors that can shorten the period of neutropaenia for patients with acute radiation syndrome. Assessments of haematopoietic, gastrointestinal and cutaneous syndromes have improved in recent years, but treatment options remain limited. Selected examples of current developments are presented.
Assuntos
Lesões por Radiação/terapia , Acidentes de Trabalho , Fatores Estimuladores de Colônias/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Infecções Oportunistas/terapia , Doses de Radiação , Lesões por Radiação/diagnóstico , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Liberação Nociva de RadioativosRESUMO
Using the endotoxin shock model in mongrel dogs, the effects of a cyclooxygenase antagonist (diclofenac sodium) and an antihistamine (chlorpheniramine) were evaluated. Both drugs significantly raised the mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance. The vasomotor activity of histamine appeared to be independent from the one mediated by prostaglandins (cyclooxygenase pathway) since the effect was additive during the first 60 minutes. Yet at 120 minutes only diclofenac sodium continued to be effective, suggesting a sustained role of prostaglandins in the pathophysiology of endotoxin shock.
