Temporal dynamics of stomatal regulation and carbon- and water-related traits for a native tree species in low subtropical China.

Stomata are pivotal in modulating water and carbon processes within plants. However, our understanding of the temporal dynamics of water- and carbon-related traits, as influenced by stomatal behavior, remains limited. Here, we explore how stomatal regulation behavior and water- and carbon-related traits vary with changing environments by examining the seasonal variations in these traits of the native tree species Schima superba in low subtropical China. In February, April, and July of 2022, a series of water- and carbon-related traits were measured in the leaves and stems. The results showed that S. superba exhibited isohydric behavior in February when the soil dried out and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was lower but anisohydric behavior in April and July when the soil was wetter and VPD was higher. In February, NSC and their components increased, and a relatively large contribution of soluble sugars to the change in NSC was observed. In the branches and phloem, NSC and their components displayed a relatively high monthly variability, suggesting their role in maintaining carbon balance within the trees. Conversely, the NSC in the leaves demonstrated minimal monthly variability. The specific leaf area, as well as the concentration of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) per unit mass in leaves and the cumulative stem water release, exhibited a decrease with a reduction in soil water potential. Interestingly, the hydraulic conductivity remained consistent throughout this process. Furthermore, the relatively low monthly growth rate observed in February could suggest a carbon sink limitation. In conclusion, the increased NSC and decreased water status of S. superba under relatively stressed soil conditions indicated a trade-off between water and carbon storage. Our findings enhance our comprehension of the dynamics and regulation of water and carbon status in forests, thereby advancing the development of plant carbon and water process models under climate change scenarios.

["Scarless" circumcision technique retaining original appearance].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety and effectiveness of the "scarless" circumcision technique (a modified sleeve-style circumcision method) that preserves the original appearance, providing a more suitable surgical option for patients with redundant prepuce. METHODS: Clinical data of patients who underwent "scarless" circumcision at the Eastern Theater Command General Hospital from April 2022 to March 2023 were collected, with patients who underwent conventional circumcision (single-use stapler method) during the same period serving as the control group. The two groups were compared in terms of operation time, postoperative recovery time, incidence of postoperative complications, and patient satisfaction rates after surgery. RESULTS: The operation time for the study group was significantly longer than that of the control group; there was no significant difference in pain scores on the day of surgery between the two groups, but the pain scores on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7 were lower in the study group than in the control group; the postoperative recovery time was significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group; regarding postoperative complications: the control group had higher rates of edema, incision infection, and wound dehiscence than the study group. A satisfaction survey conducted 30 days postoperatively showed higher satisfaction in the study group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: The "scarless" circumcision technique that preserves the original appearance is safe and effective for patients with simple redundant prepuce and is a new surgical method with value for widespread adoption.

[Research progress and application status of circumcision].

Circumcision is the simplest, most commonly used and most effective treatment for male prepuce overlength, phimosis and other diseases. There has also been a shift from traditional circumcision to simpler, faster, less invasive, instrument-based methods. This paper reviews the surgical methods of circumcision(Traditional circumcision、Electrosurgical circumcision、Laser circumcision、Sleeve circumcision, Dermotomy at the base of penis, Shangring, Gomco, Mogen, PlastiBell, PrePex, Alisklamp and Disposable circumcision suture apparatus), hoping to provide reference for clinicians to choose the appropriate circumcision methods for patients.

[Study on the efficacy and complications of patients undergoing radical surgery and radical radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and complications of radical surgery (RP) and radical radiotherapy (RRT). METHODS: The clinical data of patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer in General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command with RP and RRT from January 2015 to December 2019, Observed and recorded patient preoperative and postoperative PSA levels, biochemical Relapse-free Survival and clinical Relapse-free Survival,and the occurrence of hematuria, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, ankylurethria, diarrhea, hemoproctia and radiocystitis. RESULTS: A total of 150 patients with localized prostate cancer were included in this study, including 105 patients with RP and 45 patients undergoing RRT. There was no significant difference between the complication rates of hematuria, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction and ankylurethria(P>0.05).Patients in the RRT group had higher rates of diarrhea(20.00% vs 2.86%), hemoproctia(15.56% vs 1.90%) and radiocystitis(13.33% vs 0%) than those in the RP group, with significant differences (P<0.05). The 5-year bRFS was lower than that in the RP group (95.1% vs 90.7%), with no statistical significance (P=0.832); the 5-year cRFS in the RP group was lower than that in the RRT group (91.2% vs 89.6%), with no significant difference (P=0.971). CONCLUSION: The incidence of diarrhea, hemoproctia and radiocystitis was lower in the RP group than in the RRT group, and the recurrence-free survival was not significantly different between the two groups.