RESUMO
Los estudios sobre antecedentes y consecuencias del mobbing han empleado mayoritariamente diseños transversales, lo cual impide determinar la causalidad de las relaciones. En este trabajo se analizó, mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, la relación entre el mobbing y algunas variables consideradas antecedentes (conflictos interpersonales, conflicto de rol, ambigüedad de rol y apoyo social) o consecuencias (problemas de salud e inclinación al absentismo) del fenómeno. Estudio multicéntrico y longitudinal con dos etapas. 696 trabajadores distribuidos en 66 centros de asistencia a la discapacidad participaron en el estudio. El mobbing se evaluó mediante el cuestionario «Mobbing-UNIPSICO» y el resto de variables mediante escalas de frecuencia. Los modelos tranversales indicaron una relación significativa entre el conflicto de rol, el apoyo social y el mobbing en los dos momentos temporales del estudio. A nivel longitudinal, solo el apoyo social mostró ser un predictor significativo del mobbing, mientras que éste a su vez predecía a nivel tranversal y longitudinal los problemas de salud. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran el efecto mediador del mobbing entre ciertas condiciones laborales y los problemas de salud, siendo recomendable replicar estos hallazgos en una muestra multiocupacional (AU)
Most studies focusing on the antecedents and consequences of workplace bullying have used a cross-sectional design, which impedes determining the causality of the relationships. In the present work, we analyzed, by means of structural equation models, the relationship between workplace bullying and some variables that are considered antecedents (interpersonal conflicts, role ambiguity, role conflict, and workplace social support) or consequences (health complaints and inclination to absenteeism from work) of this phenomenon. Multicenter study with two phases. The sample consisted of 696 employees from 66 centers. Workplace bullying was assessed by means of the «Mobbing- UNIPSICO» questionnaire, and the other variables with frequency scales. The cross-sectional models indicated a significant association between role conflict, workplace social support, and workplace bullying in both study periods. Concerning the longitudinal relationships, only workplace social support was a significant predictor of workplace bullying, which, in turn, was a cross-sectional and longitudinal predictor of workers health complaints. Our results show the mediating effect of workplace bullying between certain work conditions and health complaints, and it is recommendable to replicate these findings in a multi-occupational sample (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Bullying/psicologia , Trabalho/psicologia , Causalidade , Relações Interpessoais , Apoio Social , Absenteísmo , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Longitudinais , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Most studies focusing on the antecedents and consequences of workplace bullying have used a cross-sectional design, which impedes determining the causality of the relationships. In the present work, we analyzed, by means of structural equation models, the relationship between workplace bullying and some variables that are considered antecedents (interpersonal conflicts, role ambiguity, role conflict, and workplace social support) or consequences (health complaints and inclination to absenteeism from work) of this phenomenon. Multicenter study with two phases. The sample consisted of 696 employees from 66 centers. Workplace bullying was assessed by means of the "Mobbing-UNIPSICO" questionnaire, and the other variables with frequency scales. The cross-sectional models indicated a significant association between role conflict, workplace social support, and workplace bullying in both study periods. Concerning the longitudinal relationships, only workplace social support was a significant predictor of workplace bullying, which, in turn, was a cross-sectional and longitudinal predictor of workers' health complaints. Our results show the mediating effect of workplace bullying between certain work conditions and health complaints, and it is recommendable to replicate these findings in a multi-occupational sample.
Assuntos
Bullying/psicologia , Local de Trabalho , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Teóricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: To find out the current coordination/cooperation level of primary care (PC) with the adult mental health centres (AMHC), the addiction treatment centres (ATC) and children and adolescent mental health centres (CAMHC) of Catalonia (Spain). Differences in coordination between urban and non-urban areas were also evaluated. DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study. SETTING: Eighty PC centres representing the seven health regions of Catalonia. PARTICIPANTS: Selection was by means of a multi-staged and stratified sampling method. A total of 356 of the 618 PC physicians who agreed to participate completed a survey evaluating different aspects of coordination with the specialised mental health services. RESULTS: The PC physicians indicated that the availability of AMHC was worse than that provided by ACT and CAMHC. However, the reports on the state of the referred patients and the training courses in mental health offered by the AMHC were more frequent. There were no significant differences in availability or training in mental health between urban and non-urban areas. CONCLUSIONS: The cooperation between the PC and the specialised mental health services of Catalonia is optimal in some aspects, but patient waiting time needs to be reduced for first visits to the AMHC and training activities offered by the CAMHC and the ACT need to be increased.
Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde Mental , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Comportamento Cooperativo , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Serviços de Saúde Mental/organização & administração , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , População Rural , Espanha , População UrbanaRESUMO
ObjetivoConocer el grado de coordinación/cooperación entre la atención primaria (AP) de Cataluña y los centros de salud mental de adultos (CSMA), los centros de atención y seguimiento a las drogodependencias (CASD) y los centros de salud mental infanto-juvenil (CSMIJ). Evaluar si hay diferencias en coordinación en función del carácter urbano o rural de los municipios.DiseñoEstudio descriptivo transversal.Emplazamiento80 centros de AP representativos de las 7 regiones sanitarias de Cataluña.ParticipantesSelección mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado; 356 de los 618 médicos de familia a los que se ofreció participar completaron una encuesta que evaluaba diferentes aspectos de coordinación con los servicios especializados.ResultadosLos participantes indicaron un peor acceso a los CSMA que a los CASD y a los CSMIJ. Sin embargo, la formación proporcionada por los CSMA era mejor que la de los otros dos dispositivos en todos los indicadores empleados. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en las variables de acceso y formación entre zonas urbanas y rurales.ConclusionesLa cooperación entre la AP y los servicios especializados en salud mental de Cataluña es óptima en algunos aspectos. No obstante, sería conveniente que se redujera el tiempo de espera para las primeras visitas en los CSMA y que los CASD y los CSMIJ incrementaran las actividades de formación(AU)
PurposeTo find out the current coordination/cooperation level of primary care (PC) with the adult mental health centres (AMHC), the addiction treatment centres (ATC) and children and adolescent mental health centres (CAMHC) of Catalonia (Spain). Differences in coordination between urban and non-urban areas were also evaluated.DesignCross-sectional descriptive study.SettingEighty PC centres representing the seven health regions of Catalonia.ParticipantsSelection was by means of a multi-staged and stratified sampling method. A total of 356 of the 618 PC physicians who agreed to participate completed a survey evaluating different aspects of coordination with the specialised mental health services.ResultsThe PC physicians indicated that the availability of AMHC was worse than that provided by ACT and CAMHC. However, the reports on the state of the referred patients and the training courses in mental health offered by the AMHC were more frequent. There were no significant differences in availability or training in mental health between urban and non-urban areas.ConclusionsThe cooperation between the PC and the specialised mental health services of Catalonia is optimal in some aspects, but patient waiting time needs to be reduced for first visits to the AMHC and training activities offered by the CAMHC and the ACT need to be increased(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/tendências , Serviços de Saúde Mental/tendências , Cooperação Horizontal , Encaminhamento e Consulta/tendências , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Serviços de Saúde Rural/tendências , Serviços Urbanos de Saúde/tendênciasRESUMO
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