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Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common comorbid condition in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Reported outcome studies on the association of baseline CKD and mortality is currently limited. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients undergoing TAVR and analyse their overall procedural outcomes. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at 43 publicly funded hospitals in Hong Kong. Severe aortic stenosis patients undergoing TAVR between the years 2010 and 2019 were enroled in the study. Two groups were identified according to the presence of baseline chronic kidney disease. Results: A total of 499 patients (228, 58.6% men) were enroled in the study. Baseline hypertension was more prevalent in patients with CKD (82.8%; P=0.003). As for primary end-points, mortality rates of CKD patients were significantly higher compared to non-CKD patients (10% vs. 4.1%; P=0.04%). Gout and hypertension were found to be significantly associated with CRF. Patients with gout were nearly six times more likely to have CRF than those without gout (odds ratio = 5.96, 95% CI = 3.12-11.29, P<0.001). Patients with hypertension had three times the likelihood of having CRF compared to those without hypertension (odds ratio=2.83, 95% CI=1.45-6.08, P=0.004). Conclusion: In patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVR, baseline CKD significantly contributes to mortality outcomes at long-term follow up.
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INTRODUCTION: Current guidelines advocate reviewing peri-procedural anticoagulation on individual case basis for transvenous lead extraction (TLE). We investigated the safety of TLE on uninterrupted warfarin with therapeutic INR. METHODS: Retrospective registry of consecutive patients undergoing TLE on uninterrupted warfarin (Warfarin Group) across two centres. Age and sex matched controls not on anticoagulation (No-Warfarin Group) and undergoing TLE over the same time-period were included. Both groups were compared over one-year. RESULTS: 121 TLEs over 18-months. 22 patients on uninterrupted anticoagulation were compared to 22 controls. Groups were well matched for baseline demographics other than INR. Warfarin group had mean INR of 2.2 ± 0.6 (range 2-3.5). Primary end point was procedural safety and efficacy. Amongst cases, 43/45 (96%) leads were removed in their entirety compared to 37/40 (93%) in controls (p = 0.66). In the cases, these included 44% defibrillator, 47% pace-sense and 9% CS leads of average duration 7yrs. There was no reported tamponade, haemothorax or procedural mortality in either group. One patient amongst cases required inotropic support while two patients amongst controls had device-site haematomas. No significant difference reported in Hb drop post-procedure or overall complication rate between the groups (p = 0.11,0.32). Cox regression showed a significant association between procedural success and device infection, number of leads extracted, serum creatinine (p = 0.03, 0.04, 0.02). Over a 1-year follow-up, there was lead displacement in one case and one control had infection of the re-implanted device. CONCLUSION: TLE can be carried out safely in anticoagulated patients with therapeutic INRs. Larger multicentre studies are required to confirm these findings.
