[Partial retinal fenestration for optic disc pit maculopathy]. / Partielle Retinafensterung bei Grubenpapillenmakulopathie.

The frequent side effect of maculopathy in the optic disc pit seems to be based on a pathogenetically incompletely comprehended fluid exchange between the optic disc and the macula. A surgical procedure using vitrectomy with the creation of a barrier between the macula and the optic disc pit, for example using an endolaser or a scleral flap, is possible. In addition, the partial retinal fenestration as described here in detail represents an alternative surgical procedure resulting in liquid being conducted from the optic disc pit into the vitreous cavity. Complete absorption of the subretinal and intraretinal fluid can be expected within the first postoperative year.

Nutritional predictors of chronic disease in a Central Australian Aboriginal cohort: A multi-mixture modelling analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Chronic diseases (including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and chronic kidney disease) are major contributors to the total burden of disease for Aboriginal people. Here we used novel epidemiological modelling to investigate nutritional profiles at a population level associated with chronic disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: Multi-mixture modelling, was used to group members of a Central Australian Aboriginal population (n = 444) based on their nutritional profile from a risk factor prevalence survey in 1995. Multi-mixture modelling assigned % membership to four classes; Class 1 (young, low adiposity and lipids, low dietary antioxidants; n = 171.7); Class 2 (older, greater adiposity and lipids; n = 22.6); Class 3 (predominantly female, greater adiposity and antioxidants, low smoking; n = 134.3) and Class 4 (predominantly male, greater lipids and adiposity, low antioxidants, high smoking prevalence; n = 115.4). For persons free of chronic disease (n = 285), incident chronic disease for classes 1, 3 and 4 was determined using follow up hospital, primary health care and death records collected in 2004/05. Fifty-four percent of Class 4 had incident chronic disease, an excess of 3355 events per 100,000 person years relative to Class 1. Incident CVD, hypertension, or CKD was highest for Class 4 and incident diabetes highest for Class 3. CONCLUSION: Multi-mixture modelling appears useful in identifying population subgroups of an Aboriginal population at risk of chronic conditions.