[ON PREVENTION OF CYSTIC ECHINOCOCCOSIS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN].

According to official statistics, in the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) since 1991 there is noted the increase in the number of patients with cystic echinococcosis. In 2012, the number of recorded cases increased by 55.3% if compared with 2007. In the areas of RB, where there was observed the high index of population morbidity rate, there was noted the extensive growth of the infestation in sheep. The analysis of the landscape-climatic and sanitary characteristics of the territory of the RB, as well as population economic activity revealed a definite relationship between them and the spread of echinococcosis. The performed survey of rural residents of RB showed that the population is poorly informed about the factors of transmission and ways of infection by echinococcosis. Out of respondents 73% were wrong in determining factors of transmission of infection, 34% admitted irregularities in the disposal of slaughtering condemned products. Fully correct answers were given only by 9% of respondents. The research of fruitfulness of hydatid bubbles and viability of Protoscolexes revealed that the effect of hot water (t = 90-100 ° C) is effective for disinfecting of invasive origins of larvocysts. Due to the low level of awareness of the population there is needed an active health education work on effective measures to prevent the spread of echinococcosis in RB--the prevention of feeding dogs with raw slaughtering waste and decontamination in the private courtyard slaughtering condemned products with the hot water.

[The problem of human helminthiasis in the Republic of Bashkortostan].

This investigation was undertaken to study trends in helminthiasis morbidity in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2009-2011. A total of 1497 subjects who came to the Laboratory of the Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Bashkir State Medical University, in 2009-2011, have been randomly selected for this investigation. IgG antibodies were identified in their blood. Enzyme immunoassay has revealed anti-helminth antibodies in 4.7, 4.9, and 4.6% of the examinees in 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively. Antibodies against Ascaris, Ecchinococcus, Opisthorchis, and Toxocara were most common in the examinees. According to the official statistics, the Republic of Bashkiria showed a 26.4% decrease in helminthiasis morbidity, alterations in the structure of morbidity, and a reduction in the proportion of helminths habiting the intestine, and an increase in the proportion of tissue helminthiases in the period 2006 to 2011.