[Relationship between central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure and severity of glaucomatous visual field loss]. / Correlación entre grosor corneal central, presión intraocular y afectación glaucomatosa del campo visual.

OBJECTIVE: to determine central corneal thickness in normal subjects, glaucomatous patients and ocular hypertension patients, to evaluate if the central corneal thickness is related to the presence of glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Furthermore, we aim to verify the relationship between central corneal thickness and severity of glaucomatous visual field loss. METHODS: comparative study including 150 eyes of 150 subjects, separated into three groups: normal (47 eyes), ocular hypertension (35) and glaucomatous (68). This last group was subdividided in three subgroups depending on the Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson criteria for scoring Humphrey visual field defects (initial, moderate and advanced). We evaluated the visual field, the central corneal thickness measured by pachymetry and the intraocular pressure measured by Goldmann tonometry. Results were analysed using the Student's t-test for normally distributed independent samples. RESULTS: the central corneal thickness was 526+/-25 microns (mean +/-standard deviation (SD)) in glaucomatous patients, 560+/-27 microns in ocular hypertension patients, and 556+/-27 microns in the normal group. Statistical significance could be found between the glaucomatous group of patients and the other groups (p< 0.01), but not between the ocular hypertension group and normal subjects (p= 0.4). The comparison between central corneal thickness of the subgroup with advanced damage of the visual field and the two other subgroups was also statistically significant (p< 0.01), but not between the subgroups of initial damage and moderate damage (p= 0.7). CONCLUSIONS: the central corneal thickness in glaucomatous patients is lower than in normal subjects and in ocular hypertension patients. Patients classified as having advanced damage in their visual field have significantly lower central corneal thickness measurements than patients classified as having initial or moderate damage.

Correlación entre grosor corneal central, presión intraocular y afectación glaucomatosa del campo visual / Relationship between central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure and severity of glaucomatous visual field loss

Objetivo: Determinar el grosor corneal central(GCC) en sujetos normales, pacientes glaucomatosose hipertensos oculares, valorando si el GCC estáasociado con la presencia de glaucoma o de hipertensiónocular. Por otra parte, comprobar la correlaciónentre el GCC y el estadio de afectación delcampo visual (CV).Método: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles,con 150 ojos de 150 pacientes, divididos en tresgrupos: normales (47 ojos), hipertensos oculares(35) y glaucomatosos (68). A su vez, se establecierontres subgrupos dentro de los sujetos glaucomatosos,dependiendo de la afectación del CV según laclasificación de Hodapp de defectos del campovisual (inicial, moderada y avanzada). Se valoró lacampimetría, la medida del GCC mediante paquimetríaultrasónica y de la PIO con tonómetro deaplanación de Goldmman (TAG). Se aplicó el testde hipótesis t-Student para muestras independientesque siguen una distribución normal.Resultados: La media del GCC en los pacientesglaucomatosos era 526 micras Desviación Estándar (DE) 25, 560 DE 27 en hipertensos oculares y 556DE 27 en los sujetos normales, con diferencias significativasentre el grupo de pacientes glaucomatososy los otros dos (p< 0,01), pero no entre el grupode hipertensos oculares y el de sujetos normales(p= 0,45). En los sujetos glaucomatosos, se encontrarondiferencias con significación estadística entreel GCC del subgrupo con afectación avanzada delCV y los de afectación inicial y moderada(p< 0,01), pero no entre estos dos últimos (p= 0,7).Conclusiones: El GCC en pacientes glaucomatososes menor que en los sujetos controles e hipertensosoculares. Los pacientes glaucomatosos con pérdidade CV avanzada cursan con córneas más delgadasque aquéllos con alteración campimétrica inicial o moderada(AU)

Objective: to determine central corneal thickness innormal subjects, glaucomatous patients and ocularhypertension patients, to evaluate if the central cornealthickness is related to the presence of glaucomaor ocular hypertension. Furthermore, we aim toverify the relationship between central corneal thicknessand severity of glaucomatous visual field loss.Methods: comparative study including 150 eyes of150 subjects, separated into three groups: normal(47 eyes), ocular hypertension (35) and glaucomatous(68). This last group was subdividided in threesubgroups depending on the Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson criteria for scoring Humphrey visual fielddefects (initial, moderate and advanced). We evaluatedthe visual field, the central corneal thicknessmeasured by pachymetry and the intraocular pressuremeasured by Goldmann tonometry. Resultswere analysed using the Student’s t-test for normallydistributed independent samples.Results: the central corneal thickness was 526±25microns (mean ±standard deviation (SD)) in glaucomatouspatients, 560±27 microns in ocular hypertension patients, and 556±27 microns in thenormal group. Statistical significance could befound between the glaucomatous group of patientsand the other groups (p< 0.01), but not between theocular hypertension group and normal subjects (p=0.4). The comparison between central cornealthickness of the subgroup with advanced damage ofthe visual field and the two other subgroups wasalso statistically significant (p< 0.01), but not betweenthe subgroups of initial damage and moderatedamage (p= 0.7).Conclusions: the central corneal thickness in glaucomatouspatients is lower than in normal subjectsand in ocular hypertension patients. Patients classifiedas having advanced damage in their visual fieldhave significantly lower central corneal thicknessmeasurements than patients classified as havinginitial or moderate damage(AU)

Molluscum contagiosum in a patient with no risk factors.

PURPOSE: To report a case of molluscum contagiosum in a patient with no risk factors. METHODS: A 38-year-old patient with a tumor located in the lower eyelid that appeared 5 months previously was seen in the authors' hospital. The lesion had grown slowly and appeared as a crateriform mass with elevated edges. It was surgically excised and the histopathology study confirmed the diagnosis of molluscum contagiosum. Risk factors were absent. RESULTS: The histopathologic study confirms the presence of eosinophilic inclusion bodies in the keratinocytes cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS: External evaluation of the lower lid lesion did not show the morphologic configuration of a molluscum contagiosum. A virus can be suspected if attention is paid to the margin of the eyelid and the patient's age.

[Study on hypotensive effect of latanoprost vs timolol-dorzolamide association]. / Estudio del efecto hipotensor del latanoprost frente a la asociación timolol-dorzolamida.

PURPOSE: To compare hypotensive effect of latanoprost versus timolol-dorzolamide association on patients with glaucoma. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 102 eyes in 52 patients with intraocular pressure (IOP) higher than 21 mmHg, previously treated with a betablocker. Patients were divided in two groups. Treatment was changed on group 1 (51 eyes in 27 patients) to a timolol-dorzolamide association. Group 2 (51 eyes in 27 patients) changed treatment to latanoprost. After determination of previous IOP, readings were taken at 1, 3 and 8 months later. RESULTS: Both groups showed a decrease in IOP levels: Group 1, 5.6 mmHg and Group 2, 8.5 mmHg. Association between timolol and dorzolamide reached the highest hypotensive effect after the first month of treatment and remained constant during the rest of the study period. Latanoprost showed a maximal effect after the third month of treatment and maintained its effect all through the study as well. Latanoprost behaved similar to associated timolol-dorzolamide not showing significant differences during the first month of treatment. Significant differences appeared at third and eighth month favoring latanoprost (p<0.005 and p<0.001 respectively). CONCLUSION: There was a similarity in efficacy of both treatments. However, after the third month latanoprost became more effective than the timolol-dorzolamide association.

Estudio del efecto hipotensor del latanoprost frente a la asociación timolol-dorzolamida / Study on hypotensive effect of latanoprost vs timolol-dorzolamide association

Objetivo: Comparamos la respuesta hipotensora del latanoprost frente a la asociación de timolol y dorzolamida en pacientes diagnosticados de glaucoma, previamente tratados con un betabloqueante y PIO superior a 21 mmHg. Métodos: Estudiamos un total de 102 ojos de un grupo de 59 pacientes, tratados previamente con un betabloqueante y cuyas PIO eran superiores a 21 mmHg.A un primer grupo formado por 51 ojos de 32 pacientes le fue sustituido el betabloqueante previo por la asociación timolol-dorzolamida. A un segundo grupo formado por 51 ojos de 27 pacientes le fue sustituido el betabloqueante por latanoprost. Tras la determinación de la PIO previa se hicieron controles al mes, tres y ocho meses. Resultados: En ambos grupos se observa al final del estudio un descenso en los valores de PIO: 5,6 mmHg el grupo A y 8,5 mmHg el grupo B. La asociación timolol-dorzolamida alcanza el máximo efecto hipotensor al primer mes del tratamiento y lo mantiene a lo largo de todo el estudio. El latanoprost alcanza el máximo efecto hipotensor al tercer mes de tratamiento, manteniéndolo durante el resto del estudio. Al primer mes la asociación timolol-dorzolamida alcanza un efecto hipotensor semejante al latanoprost (no hay diferencia estadísticamente significativa), pero al tercer y octavo mes hay una diferencia estadísticamente significativa a favor del latanoprost (p<0,005 y p<0,001 respectivamente). Conclusión: La eficacia al primer mes es semejante en ambos tratamientos, pero a partir del tercer mes el tratamiento con latanoprost alcanza cifras de PIO inferiores (AU)