Some aspects of revealing health risk factors in medical personnel working with magnetic resonance tomographs.

Hygienic evaluation covered work conditions and health state of medical personnel working with magnetic resonance tomographs. Work conditions of the medical personnel are characterized by a complex of hazards: constant magnetic field, increased intensity and hardiness of work, inadequate natural illumination, noise. The most unfavorable conditions are seen in diagnostic room during patients' preparation to the examination, where magnetic induction levels considerably exceed maximally allowable levels. The authors revealed reliable differences in functional parameters indicative of lower adaptational body resources in work with magnetic resonance tomographs. Suggestions are preventive measures to provide hygienic safety for medical personnel.

[Features of nano aerosols action and safety measures].

The article presents results of studies concerning influence of high-dispersed aerosol formed in traditional plasma processes on operators' health. Consideration also includes new technologies to obtain metall-containing nanoproducts; the authors recommend protection measures for workers, methods and devices to control nano aerosols in air.

[FEDERAL CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF PNEUMOCONIOSIS].

The purpose of development of this clinical practice guidelines was to provide evidence-based protocols that help the practitioner and the patient make the right decision for the health assessment, treatment and prevention of pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconiosis is the interstitial lung disease of occupational origin caused by prolonged inhalation of inorganic dust, characterized by chronic diffuse aseptic inflammation in lung tissue with the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Currently, thereare no treatment that provide a cure pulmonary fibrosis and changes in the dynamics of decline in lung function. Regular, individually tailored treatment should be directed to the pathogenic mechanisms and some clinical symptoms of pneumoconiosis, as well as the prevention of complications. To enhance the effect of pharmacotherapy is recommended to use non-drug therapies that enhance the functionality of the respiratory system.

[Risk-oriented model of the control of the level of electric magnetic fields of base stations of cellular communications].

The purpose of this study was to give the description of harmful effects of the impact of electromagnetic radiations from base stations of cellular communication as the most common sources of radio frequencies of electromagnetic fields in the environment. The highest values of the energy flux density were measured on the roofs of houses where antennas are installed - more than 10 pW/cm. The lowest values were recorded in inside premises with expositions of 0.1-1 pW/cm. In the close location of the railway station to the base stations of the cellular communication there was seen a cumulative effect. There are proposed both new safe hygienic approaches to the control for the safety of the work of base station and protective measures.

[Multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis in a rheumatologist's practice].

Multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis (MCTO) syndrome is a rare skeletal dysplasia associated with missense mutation in the MAFB gene, usually manifesting in young childhood, and showing variative phenotypic signs and course. The clinical manifestations of the syndrome include aggressive osteolysis predominantly of carpal and tarsal bones, progressive nephropathy, and mild craniofacial anomalies. The similarity between the initial clinical manifestations of MCTO and the symptoms of childhood inflammatory joint diseases makes a diagnosis very difficult, in the early stages of the disease in particular, and frequently leads to the ungrounded use of long-term immunosuppressive therapy. The paper describes a familial case of MCTO without affecting the kidneys in the mother and daughter.

[Safety of nanoparticles and nanomaterials for environmental and occupational space].

National and international experience, international standards, reports and recommendations relating to the assessment of harm to health, safety in the new nanoscale production for environmental and occupational space (ISO / TR 12885:2008 (E), BSI PD 6699-1:2007, etc .) have been analyzed.

[Clinical-laboratory characteristic of adrenal incidentalomas].

Last years while applying modern methods of topic diagnosis the adrenal glands tumors are revealed as an "incidental finding", so called "adrenal incidentalomas" (AI). It is necessary to investigate hormonal activity of these complaints for conduction of timely and radical treatment. The authors have analyzed of complaints, the objective and laboratory investigations data, which were conducted in 122 patients, suffering AI. The tumor hormonal activity identification constitutes one of indications for its surgical treatment.

[The role of computer tomography in differential diagnostic of incidentalomas adrenal glands].

The possibilities of computer tomography (CT) for differential diagnosis of adrenal incidentalomas (AI) were investigated. CT was done for 157 patients with AT: 17--with malignant adrenal tumors (MAT) and 70--with benign adrenal tumors (BAT) (61--adrenocortical adenoma, 5--cyst, 3--hematoma, 1--myelolipoma). CT--main method of topic diagnostic for AI, which allow to make assumption about potential malignancy AI in 76.5% patients. Incidentalomas size more than 10,1sm, irregular contours, density more +51HU, signs of invasion, lymphadenopathy, regional or remote metastasis are the diagnostic criteria for MAT. In 23.5% cases with CT impossible to differentiate the malignant nature of AI. 10.0% patients with BAT had a false positive results, which slightly limits the diagnostic value of CT.

[Occupational health in factory workers engaged into iron quartzite enrichment, prophylactic measures].

Outstanding feature of work conditions on the processing plants studied is infrasound present at some workplaces. Relative risk parameters according to case and day shares prove high and nearly complete relationships between the work conditions and ear and mastoid diseases among the processing plant workers. The authors set priority nosologic entities to form general level of transitory disablement morbidity.

[Hygienic ranking of basic professions in metallurgical industry according to labor conditions and state of health].

In order to establish priorities in health-improving programs the researchers analyzed the hygienic situation at Novolipetsk metallurgical complex and ranked its technological divisions according to labor conditions of 73 basic professions and state of health of the workers engaged to agglomeration works (AW), chemical-recovery works (CRW), plate rolling (PR) and the workers of a blast-furnace shop (BFS) and an oxygen-converter shop (OCS-I and OSC-II).

[Industrial aerosols are a risk factor of oncologic diseases in underground miners].

The paper contains new data on the carcinogenicity of industrial aerosol to miners engaged to underground extraction of sulphide copper and nickel ores. Earlier appearance of oncologic diseases (lung and stomach cancer) is typical of this category of workers, exposed to higher aerogenic concentration of nickel in mine atmosphere. This fact demonstrates that the leading role in the ethiology of these diseases is played by multicomponent industrial aerosol containing nickel in the form of complex sulphides.

[On carcinogenic effects of sulfate copper and nickel ore]. / Ob onkogennom deistvii pyli sul'fidnykh medno-nikelevykh rud.

Underground mines are places for extraction of three types of copper and nickel sulfide ores: rich, copper and incorporated--those three ones differ in mimeralogic and chemical contents. Experimental evaluation of carcinogenic effects obtained during intratracheal administration of copper and incorporated ores indicates the certain carcinogenic activity of the dust with 0.49-1.14% nickel and 1.9-5.8% copper content--therefore a unified MAC for all the stated dust types could be suggested.

[The evaluation of hazardous cinder wastes in Ulan Ude thermal power stations]. / Otsenka opasnosti zoloshlakovykh otkhodov Ulan-Udenskikh TETS.

Considering possibility of waste materials use in building materials production, the authors evaluated toxicity of ash and clinker waste of electric power stations in Ulan-Ude city. The ash dust and its tincture in water, when injected even in maximal amounts, induced no intoxication symptoms and death in experimental animals, therefore bear no toxicity. Using toxicity indexes to compare ash and clinker waste dust with nontoxic dust proved the studied waste to be nontoxic and acceptable for use in building industry.

[Fibrogenic and general toxic effects of copper and nickel sulfide ore dust (data for a hygienic evaluation)]. / Fibrogennoe i obshchetoksicheskoe deistvie pyli medno-nikelevykh sul'fidnykh rud (materialy k gigienicheskoi reglamentatsii).

Experiments on acute and chronic inhalation of copper and nickel sulfide ore dust proved that the dust of rich ore, if compared with that of copper-bearing and impregnated ore, induces more marked toxic effects. Intratracheal administration of all the dust types, 50 mg, and inhalation of the high concentrations (102 mg/cu m in average) induced fibrogenic effects. The dust of rich ore induced more marked fibrogenic reaction in lungs, in 3 months after 6-month period of inhalations stopped that reaction disappeared. General toxic effects caused by the dust either of rich ore or impregnated ore were mild. Justifying the MAC requires consideration of possible carcinogenic effect.

[Dust and gas factors in extraction of polymetallic ore in Arctic conditions and their hygienic assessment]. / Pylevoi i gazovyi faktory pri dobyche polimetallicheskikh rud v usloviiakh Zapoliar'ia i ikh gigienicheskaia otsenka.

Studies of drilling and blasting method of copper and nickel ores extraction at underground Transpolar mines proved that the highest concentrations of dust appeared during dry drilling of vertical blast holes, work of scraper windlass, fragmentation of out-size blocks, preparation of concrete mixture. Presence of aggressive metals, especially nickel, in the ore dust is a main base for planned thorough investigations of fibrogenic, toxic and carcinogenic effects of copper and nickel ore dust, for more precise assessment of its MAC in the air of workplace. Two-step purification of exhaust gases appearing due to mining diesel machines is not quite efficient, as the concentrations of nitrogen oxides (assessed through nitrogen dioxide) continually exceeded the MAC.

[Experimental studies evaluating oncogenic effects of copper-nickel sulfide ore dust]. / Eksperimental'nye issledovaniia po otsenke onkogennogo deistviia pyli medno-nikelevoi sul'fidnoi rudy.

The experiments on animals studied mutagenic activity of copper-nickel sulfide ore dust. Micronucleus test proved mild mutagenic activity of the ore under study. Chronic inhalation of the dust induced malignancies (mostly lung tumors and leukoses) in 52% of the experimental Wistar rats, that could be caused by dissolution of the dust components in the body fluids.

[The working conditions during the prototype commercial operation of continuous-output equipment in KATEK coal stripping and sanitary improvement measures]. / Usloviia truda pri opytno-promyshlennoi ékspluatatsii kompleksa nepreryvnogo deistviia na ugol'nmom razreze KATEK i ozdorovitel'nye meropriiatiia.

Work conditions were analysed in workers engaged into realization of the new coal extracting line technology producing 5250 m3 of coal per hr in KATEK open-cast mine. Hygienic standards appeared to be followed mainly on the constant working places and in the mining machine cabs, but noise dust parameters were not evaluated in the transloaders, microclimate parameters of excavator and transloaders were not assessed during the cold season. High concentration of dust appear in the air due to mining machines cleaning with the pumped air. Workers engaged into the coal transportation and its intermediate storage appeared to work in more hazardous conditions. Sanitary measures are suggested.