Rol de cuidadores migrantes de mayores dependientes y opinión de la asistencia sanitaria en atención primaria / Role of migrant caregivers of dependent elderly and opinion of health care in Primary Care

Objetivo: Describir el proceso de experiencias de vida de las personas migrantes que se convierten en cuidadores de mayores en situación de dependencia y conocer su opinión de la asistencia sanitaria. Diseño: Investigación cualitativa fenomenológica basada en la metodología de la teoría fundamentada. Realizado en el distrito sanitario Málaga-Guadalhorce durante 2017 y 2018. La captación se realizó mediante las enfermeras de familia de los centros de salud y a través de la base de datos de programas de atención domiciliaria de siete centros de salud. Se realizaron 17 entrevistas en profundidad a cuidadores migrantes que llevan cuidando un año o más a personas dependientes, hasta la saturación de la información. Resultados: En este estudio se han descrito tres fases: fase inicial, la persona siente la necesidad de cambio y motivación para venir; segunda fase, búsqueda de trabajo en nuestro país y asunción de nuevas actividades; tercera fase, estrategia de afrontamiento e incertidumbre por expectativas de futuro. Manifiestan mejoras en salud en relación con: tiempos reducidos de consulta, dificultad para ver especialistas, falta de regularidad en las visitas médicas en domicilio y discriminación sufrida por ser migrante. Conclusión: Los migrantes traen experiencia en el cuidado de sus diferentes culturas que deben ser exploradas. El refuerzo positivo de los empleadores, salarios y tiempo libre han sido condicionantes de mejora de satisfacción laboral y apoyo social. Lo mejor valorado del servicio sanitario son las visitas domiciliarias por el refuerzo positivo. Al mismo tiempo se quejan de que no reciben todas las que necesitan. Los profesionales deben realizar intervenciones en cada fase para facilitar la adopción de este rol, tratar de solucionar los problemas que surjan e informar a los organismos de salud de nuestra comunidad autónoma sobre dónde están los puntos débiles que deben mejorarse y de qué puntos fuertes partimos (AU)

Objective: To describe the process of life experiences of migrants who become caregivers of elderly people in situations of dependency and to know their opinion about health care. Design: Phenomenological qualitative research based on the methodology of grounded theory. Carried out in the Málaga-Guadalhorce health district, during 2017 and 2018. Recruitment was carried out by nurses from families in the Health Centers and through a database of home care programs, from seven health centers. 17 in-depth interviews were carried out with migrant caregivers, who have been caring for a year or more, dependent people, until the saturation of the information. Results: Three phases have been described in this study. In the initial stage the person feels the need for change and motivation to come; second stage of job search in our country and assume new activities; third stage of coping strategy and uncertainty for future expectations. They show improvements in health in relation to: reduced medical consultation time, it is difficult to consult with specialists, lack of regularity in home doctor visits and discrimination suffered by being a migrant. Conclusion: Migrants bring experience in caring for their different cultures that must be explored. The positive reinforcement of employers, salaries and free time have been conditions for improving job satisfaction and social support. What they value most in the health service are home visits for positive reinforcement, at the same time they complain that they do not receive all they need. Professionals should make interventions at each stage to facilitate the adoption of this role (AU)

Towards the elimination of hepatitis C: implementation of reflex testing in Andalusia

BACKGROUND AND AIM: undiagnosed hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and/or inadequate access to care are barriers to the elimination of HCV. Reflex testing has proven to facilitate referral to care, treatment and viral elimination. In this study, a reflex testing program was implemented in Andalusia and its impact on access to care was evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: an observational, retrospective and prospective study was performed across diagnostic laboratories responsible for HCV diagnosis in southern Spain. After surveying the barriers to performing reflex testing, the number of patients that were not referred for care in 2016 was retrospectively studied (pre-reflex cohort). Subsequently, several measures were proposed to overcome the identified barriers. Finally, reflex testing was implemented and its impact evaluated. RESULTS: the pre-reflex cohort included information from 1,053 patients. Slightly more than half of the patients (n = 580; 55%) visited a specialist for treatment evaluation during a median period of 71 days (interquartile range = 35-134) since the date of diagnosis. The post-reflex cohort (September 2017 to March 2018) included 623 patients. Only 17% (n = 106) of the patients had not been referred for care or evaluated for treatment in a median period of 52 days (interquartile range = 28-86). CONCLUSIONS: in 2016, nearly half of new HCV diagnoses in southern Spain were not referred for care. Barriers to the implementation of reflex testing were overcome in our study. Moreover, this strategy was effectively implemented in 2017. Reflex testing contributed to improving referral for care. This program will contribute to the micro-elimination of hepatitis C in Spain

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Towards the elimination of hepatitis C: implementation of reflex testing in Andalusia.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: undiagnosed hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and/or inadequate access to care are barriers to the elimination of HCV. Reflex testing has proven to facilitate referral to care, treatment and viral elimination. In this study, a reflex testing program was implemented in Andalusia and its impact on access to care was evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: an observational, retrospective and prospective study was performed across diagnostic laboratories responsible for HCV diagnosis in southern Spain. After surveying the barriers to performing reflex testing, the number of patients that were not referred for care in 2016 was retrospectively studied (pre-reflex cohort). Subsequently, several measures were proposed to overcome the identified barriers. Finally, reflex testing was implemented and its impact evaluated. RESULTS: the pre-reflex cohort included information from 1,053 patients. Slightly more than half of the patients (n = 580; 55%) visited a specialist for treatment evaluation during a median period of 71 days (interquartile range = 35-134) since the date of diagnosis. The post-reflex cohort (September 2017 to March 2018) included 623 patients. Only 17% (n = 106) of the patients had not been referred for care or evaluated for treatment in a median period of 52 days (interquartile range = 28-86). CONCLUSIONS: in 2016, nearly half of new HCV diagnoses in southern Spain were not referred for care. Barriers to the implementation of reflex testing were overcome in our study. Moreover, this strategy was effectively implemented in 2017. Reflex testing contributed to improving referral for care. This program will contribute to the micro-elimination of hepatitis C in Spain.