RESUMO
Nicotine e-cigarettes are a safe and effective way to help patients stop smoking.
Assuntos
Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Humanos , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/métodos , Vaping/efeitos adversos , Dispositivos para o Abandono do Uso de Tabaco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fumar/epidemiologiaRESUMO
In hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), a less aggressive supplemental insulin regimen is noninferior to a standard, more aggressive, supplemental regimen.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Insulina , Humanos , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Glicemia , Esquema de Medicação , Pacientes Internados , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , HospitalizaçãoRESUMO
While treatment with metformin or lifestyle modification reduces risk for T2D in patients with prediabetes, neither intervention ultimately offers a mortality benefit.
Assuntos
Metformina , Estado Pré-Diabético , Humanos , Estado Pré-Diabético/diagnóstico , Estado Pré-Diabético/terapia , Terapia Comportamental , Estilo de Vida , Metformina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
YES. Low-dose naltrexone is as effective as amitriptyline in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy and has a superior safety profile (strength of recommendation [SOR], B; single randomized controlled trial [RCT]). Low-dose naltrexone significantly reduced pain by 32% in inflammatory conditions and 44% in neuropathic conditions (SOR, B; single retrospective cohort study). Doses as low as 5.4 mg were found to reduce pain in 95% of patients with fibromyalgia (SOR, B; single prospective dose-response study).
Assuntos
Fibromialgia , Naltrexona , Humanos , Naltrexona/uso terapêutico , Manejo da Dor , Amitriptilina , Fibromialgia/tratamento farmacológico , DorRESUMO
NO. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) does not prevent cognitive decline in postmenopausal women-and in fact, it may slightly increase risk (strength of recommendation, A; systematic review, meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs], and individual RCT).
Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva , Pós-Menopausa , Feminino , Humanos , Disfunção Cognitiva/prevenção & controle , Terapia de Reposição Hormonal , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
Yes, patients should do just that. In a randomized clinical trial, symptom duration was reduced when teens and young adults observed a certain screen-time hiatus.
Assuntos
Traumatismos em Atletas , Concussão Encefálica , Síndrome Pós-Concussão , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Humanos , Síndrome Pós-Concussão/diagnóstico , Traumatismos em Atletas/diagnóstico , Fatores de Tempo , EletrônicaRESUMO
During the COVID-19 pandemic, providers and patients explored the use of telehealth on a wide and rapid scale. Reflecting on how prenatal providers and pregnant patients used telehealth during the pandemic and afterward, we review existing and new lessons learned from the pandemic. This article summarizes international and national guidelines on prenatal care, presents practice examples on how telehealth and remote patient monitoring were used during the COVID-19 pandemic, and offers lessons learned and suggestions for future care.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Telemedicina , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Pandemias , Cuidado Pré-Natal , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
YES. Infants respond to behavioral interventions, although objective data are limited. Behavioral interventions include establishing regular daytime and sleep routines for the infant, reducing environmental noises or distractions, and allowing for self-soothing at bedtime (strength of recommendation: B, based on multiple randomized and nonrandomized studies).
Assuntos
Terapia Comportamental , Sono , Criança , Humanos , LactenteRESUMO
Obtain greater accuracy in blood pressure measurement with an automated office device.
Assuntos
Automação/estatística & dados numéricos , Determinação da Pressão Arterial/instrumentação , Determinação da Pressão Arterial/métodos , Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial/instrumentação , Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial/métodos , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Esfigmomanômetros/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estados UnidosRESUMO
NO. Insulin glargine may lead to less patient-reported, symptomatic, and nocturnal hypoglycemia, although overall, there may not be a difference in the risk for severe hypoglycemia orhypoglycemiarelated emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, systematic review of randomized controlled trials [RCTs], individual RCTs, and observational study).