Urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Is there a difference between first and third trimester?

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and severity of urinary incontinence and to see if there are any differences between first and third trimester of pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of two groups of women was conducted. All patients attending our hospital for obstetric ultrasound examination during the first trimester (group 1=less than 13 weeks of pregnancy) and third trimester (group 2=up to 28 weeks of pregnancy) were eligible for inclusion. All participating women completed self-reported questionnaires: ICIQ-SF, PFDI-20 (UDI-6, CRADI-8, POPDI-6) and SF-36. The variables studied were biodemographic data and results from questionnaire responses. RESULTS: From March 2012 to May 2012, 224 consecutive pregnant women were included in this study: group 1 (n=58) and group 2 (n=166). The incidence of urinary incontinence during pregnancy is different in first and third trimester: 18.96% (11 of 58) and 39.76% (66 of 166) (p=0.008). 100% and 84.12% of women with UI in first trimester and third trimester respectively leak a small amount of urine. In 15.87% of group 2 the leakage was a moderate amount of urine. Participants mainly presented Stress UI (78.37%) and urge was only present in 12.16% of them. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, according to the results obtained, the prevalence of urinary incontinence in our population of pregnant women was 34.37%, which means that more than a third of the population of pregnant women is affected, and that this disorder is more common during the third trimester of pregnancy than during the first. The most common form was stress urinary incontinence, affecting 48.05% of the women. In all patients, leakage was slight-moderate that did not severely hamper their everyday life but did affect their physical, mental and social domains of their quality of life. Another problem, even more prevalent than incontinence itself, was the increase in urinary frequency, affecting 41.25% of the pregnant women and causing discomfort/distress in the 68.8%.

Úlcera vulvar de Lipschütz: diagnóstico diferencial de la úlcera vulvar en la paciente adolescente / Lipschütz ulcer: differential diagnosis of vulvar ulcers in adolescents

La úlcera vulvar de Lipschütz o ulcus vulvae acutum es una forma poco frecuente de úlcera genital que aparece en los labios menores de pacientes adolescentes. Son características la aparición de una o más úlceras dolorosas con fondo purulento y márgenes irregulares, acompañadas de síntomas sistémicos. La etiología de la úlcera de Lipschütz es desconocida, a pesar de que en publicaciones recientes se ha relacionado con la primoinfección por virus de Epstein-Barr, y el diagnóstico es por exclusión de otras causas más comunes de úlceras genitales. Por este motivo, es muy importante realizar un buen diagnóstico diferencial (AU)

Lipschütz ulcer, or acute ulceration of vulva, is an infrequently reported form of genital ulceration that appears in the labia minora of adolescent girls. Clinical features include one or more acutely painful ulcers with a purulent base and raised edges, accompanied by systemic symptoms. Although recent reports have related Lipschütz ulcers with Epstein-Barr virus primary infection, the etiology is unknown and the diagnosis is often made by exclusion of other causes of acute genital ulceration. Consequently, careful differential diagnosis is of the utmost importance (AU)