Analysis of Knowledge of Smoking-Related Diseases in Spanish Nursing Students.

Smoking causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, mainly in developed countries. In addition, it is the cause of numerous diseases in the body, despite the fact that the prevalence of tobacco use is decreasing. Nursing students, as future professionals, should be aware of action plans for cessation and information designed for smokers. To determine the level of knowledge among nursing students about smoking-related diseases and analyze the prevalence of student who smoke at the University of Leon, Spain, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in which students were given an anonymous questionnaire, which was previously validated, during the 2021-2022 academic year. In a sample of 477 (79.5%) nursing students, a smoking prevalence of 17.6% was obtained. In addition, students' knowledge about the diseases directly caused by tobacco consumption and others associated with exposure to environmental smoke was assessed, and in both cases (8.03 points of 9 for consumption and 5.24 of 6 to exposure), scores were obtained that allow us to state that students do not know for sure the types of diseases that are related to tobacco use and passive smoking. In spite of this, it is necessary to continue to reduce the prevalence of smoking through different programs implemented in schools and universities, as it is also necessary to improve teaching plans when explaining smoking-related diseases, so that students, in the future, will be able to advise patients correctly.

[Analysis of Bullying and Harassment Experienced by Fourth-Year Nursing Students in their Clinical Practice.] / Análisis de la intimidación y acoso experimentado por estudiantes de Enfermería de cuarto curso durante sus prácticas clínicas.

OBJECTIVE: Nursing students, with their inexperience and the frequent challenge of encountering new environments, are a potentially vulnerable group for bullying and harassment in the work setting. The aim of this study was to analyze the bullying and/or harassment experienced by Nursing students during their clinical practice. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the University of León and the study population was fourth-year nursing students. The measurement instrument was a 24-item questionnaire approved by the University Ethics Committee. The chi-square test, Student's t-test and Mann Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A prevalence of 26.5% (22/83) of students who suffered episodes of bullying and/or harassment was observed; younger students suffered these events from physicians, patients and family members and/or companions to a greater extent. This produced an impact on the psychological well-being of the students, who felt depressed, humiliated and incapable, which negatively affected the level of care provided to patients. CONCLUSIONS: The overall problem studied presents a lower prevalence than that obtained in other work carried out in the rest of the world; as a consequence, there is an impact on the psychological well-being of the students that affects their level of attention to the tasks they are carrying out and their way of working with others.

OBJETIVO: Los estudiantes de Enfermería, con su inexperiencia y el desafío frecuente de encontrarse con nuevos entornos, son un grupo potencialmente vulnerable para sufrir intimidación y acoso en el ámbito del trabajo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la intimidación y/o acoso padecidos por los estudiantes de Enfermería durante sus prácticas clínicas. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en la Universidad de León. La población a estudio fueron los estudiantes del Grado en Enfermería de cuarto curso. El instrumento de medida fue un cuestionario que constó de 24 items y que se aprobó por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado, t de Student y la U de Mann Whitney. RESULTADOS: Se observó una prevalencia del 26,5% (n=83) de estudiantes que sufrieron episodios de intimidación y/o acoso; los estudiantes de menor edad padecieron estos hechos por parte de los médicos, pacientes y familiares y/o acompañantes en mayor medida. Esto produjo un impacto en su bienestar psicológico e hizo que se sintieran deprimidos, humillados e incapaces, lo que afectó negativamente al nivel de atención prestado a los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: El problema global estudiado presenta una prevalencia inferior a la obtenida en otros trabajos llevados a cabo en el resto del mundo. Como consecuencia, existe un impacto en el bienestar psicológico de los estudiantes que afecta a su nivel de atención en las tareas que están llevando a cabo y a su forma de trabajar con los demás.

Análisis de la intimidación y acoso experimentado por estudiantes de Enfermería de cuarto curso durante sus prácticas clínicas / Analysis of Bullying and Harassment Experienced by Fourth-Year Nursing Students in their Clinical Practice

FUNDAMENTOS:Los estudiantes de Enfermería, con su inexperiencia y el desafío frecuente de encontrarse con nuevos entornos, son un grupo potencialmente vulnerable para sufrir intimidación y acoso en el ámbito del trabajo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la intimidación y/o acoso padecidos por los estudiantes de Enfermería durante sus prácticas clínicas. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en la Universidad de León. La población a estudio fueron los estudiantes del Grado en Enfermería de cuarto curso. El instrumento de medida fue un cuestionario que constó de 24 items y que se aprobó por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado, t de Student y la U de Mann Whitney. RESULTADOS: Se observó una prevalencia del 26,5% (n=83) de estudiantes que sufrieron episodios de intimidación y/o acoso; los estudiantes de menor edad padecieron estos hechos por parte de los médicos, pacientes y familiares y/o acompañantes en mayor medida. Esto produjo un impacto en su bienestar psicológico e hizo que se sintieran deprimidos, humillados e incapaces, lo que afectó negativamente al nivel de atención prestado a los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: El problema global estudiado presenta una prevalencia inferior a la obtenida en otros trabajos llevados a cabo en el resto del mundo. Como consecuencia, existe un impacto en el bienestar psicológico de los estudiantes que afecta a su nivel de atención en las tareas que están llevando a cabo y a su forma de trabajar con los demás.(AU)

BACKGROUND: Nursing students, with their inexperience and the frequent challenge of encountering new environments, are a potentially vulnerable group for bullying and harassment in the work setting. The aim of this study was to analyze the bullying and/ or harassment experienced by Nursing students during their clinical practice. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the University of León and the study population was fourth-year nursing students. The measurement instrument was a 24-item questionnaire approved by the University Ethics Committee. The chi-square test, Student’s t-test and Mann Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A prevalence of 26.5% (22/83) of students who suffered episodes of bullying and/or harassment was observed; younger students suffered these events from physicians, patients and family members and/or companions to a greater extent. This produced an impact on the psychological well-being of the students, who felt depressed, humiliated and incapable, which negatively affected the level of care provided to patients. CONCLUSIONS: The overall problem studied presents a lower prevalence than that obtained in other work carried out in the rest of the world; as a consequence, there is an impact on the psychological well-being of the students that affects their level of attention to the tasks they are carrying out and their way of working with others.(AU)

Percepción de los pacientes sobre los cuidados de enfermería en el contexto de la crisis del COVID-19 / Patient perception of nursing care in the context of the COVID-19 crisis

Antecedentes: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha alterado considerablemente los procedimientos habituales de los sistemas sanitarios en todo el mundo. El trabajo diario se ha vuelto física y emocionalmente agotador para los profesionales sanitarios, obligados a afrontar y adaptarse a nuevos retos y situaciones estresantes. Esta situación pesa sobre la práctica diaria de enfermería. Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la percepción del paciente sobre los cuidados de enfermería humanizados recibidos durante su estancia hospitalaria. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, transversal, en el que se realizaron entrevistas telefónicas a 357 personas >18 años que ingresaron durante más de 24 horas en el Hospital de León con el fin de evaluar la percepción del paciente. Uno de los instrumentos utilizados fue la Escala de Percepción de Conductas del Cuidado de Enfermería Humanizado (PCHE), para evaluar en tres dimensiones (D): cualidades de la práctica de enfermería (D1), apertura a la comunicación enfermera-paciente (D2) y disposición al cuidado (D3). El otro instrumento utilizado fue una encuesta de satisfacción institucional para conocer la opinión sobre la calidad de la atención al cliente en el área de hospitalización. Resultados: El porcentaje de pacientes que puntuaron como “siempre” cada dimensión fue: D1 = 91,2%; D2 = 81,4%; y D3 = 87,8%. La satisfacción del paciente obtuvo una puntuación media de 4,6 sobre 5. Conclusión: A pesar del impacto negativo del COVID-19 en el sistema de salud, los pacientes percibieron la atención de enfermería humanizada recibida como muy satisfactoria. (AU)

Related Factors and Treatment of Postoperative Delirium in Old Adult Patients: An Integrative Review.

"Postoperative delirium" is defined as delirium occurring in the hospital up to one week after a procedure or before discharge (whichever occurs first) that meets the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Objectives: To describe the risk factors related to this pathology and identify effective non-pharmacological forms of treatment. An integrative review of the available literature was performed. The search results considered included all quantitative studies published between 2011 and 2019 in both English and Spanish. A total of 117 studies were selected. Advanced age was identified as the principal risk factor for postoperative delirium. Nursing interventions appear to be the key to preventing or reducing the seriousness of delirium after an anaesthetic episode. The aetiology of postoperative delirium remains unknown, and no treatment exists to eliminate this pathology. The role of nursing staff is fundamental in the prevention, diagnosis, and management of the pathology.

Basic life support training programme in schools by school nurses: How long and how often to train?

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training in schools, despite being legislated in Spain, is not established as such within the subjects that children are taught in schools. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the acquisition of CPR skills by 11-year-old children after a brief theoretical-practical teaching programme taught by nurses at school. METHODS: 62 students were assessed in a quasi-experimental study on 2 cohorts (51.4% of the sample in control group [CG]). In total, 2 sessions were given, a theoretical one, and a practical training for skill development in children, in which the CG performed the CPR in 2-minute cycles and the intervention group in 1-minute cycles. The anthropometric variables recorded were weight and height, and the variables compression quality and ventilation quality were recorded using the Laerdal ResusciAnne manikin with Personal Computer/Wireless SkillReport. RESULTS: The assessment showed better results, in terms of BLS sequence performance and use of automated external defibrillator, in the CG and after training, except for the evaluation of the 10-second breathing assessment technique. The quality of chest compressions was better in the CG after training, as was the quality of the ventilations. There were no major differences in CPR quality after training and 4 months after the 1-minute and 2-minute training cycles. CONCLUSIONS: 11-year-old children do not perform quality chest compressions or ventilations but, considering their age, they are able to perform a BLS sequence correctly.

Análisis de la percepción de las enfermeras del complejo hospitalario de León sobre autonomía profesional / Analysis of nursing perception in Leon's hospital about the professional autonomy

Introducción. La autonomía profesional representa un problema entre las enfermeras. La profesión ha progresado paulatinamente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la percepción de las enfermeras sobre la autonomía profesional que poseen en su práctica cotidiana así como sus factores asociados. Material y Método. Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado entre el personal de Enfermería del Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León (CAULE). Para lograr el objetivo se elaboró un cuestionario tomando como base cuestiones presentes en el Libro Blanco de la Enfermería y preguntas elaboradas ad hoc. El cuestionario fue validado por un grupo de expertos y se realizó una prueba piloto. El universo de estudio lo constituyeron los diplomados/graduados en enfermería que trabajaban en el CAULE, siguiendo una estrategia de muestreo por conveniencia. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que casi la totalidad de las enfermeras deseaba aumentar su nivel de autonomía profesional, destacándose el salario y el turno como los aspectos más negativos, la falta de reconocimiento profesional como el más frustrante el exceso de burocracia y la falta de incentivos como los problemas más prevalentes en el trabajo. Hubo diferencias entre las enfermeras más jóvenes y las más antiguas, extrayéndose en su con-junto el deseo de un mayor avance de la profesión y denotándose una situación profesional de cierto descontento. conclusIones. Solucionar estas cuestiones profesionales implicaría una mejora manifiesta de la calidad asistencial por parte de los profesionales sanitarios más numerosos y que más tiempo pasan con los pacientes

IntroductIon. Professional autonomy represents a problem between nursing professionals. The progression of nursing profession has been gradual in time. The aim of this study was to analyze the perception of nurses about professional autonomy they have in their daily practice and associated factors. Methods. Cross-sectional study conducted among Nursing Care Complex University of León (CAULE). To achieve the target a questionary was developed based on the White Book of Spanish Nursing and questions elaborated ad hoc. The questionnaire was validated by a panel of experts and a pilot test was conducted. The universe of study was nursing graduates working in the CAULE and was followed a convenience sampling strategy. Results. The results revealed that al-most all of the nurses wanted to increase their level of professional autonomy, highlighting the wage and shift as the most negative aspects, and lack of professional recognition as the most frustrating. Relationship with patients was designated as one of the most positive aspects. There were differences between the younger and the older nurses, extracting a whole desire to further advancement of the profession and denoting a professional situation of some dissatisfaction. Conclusion. Solving these professional is-sues would imply a marked improvement in the quality of care by the most abundant and time-consuming healthcare professionals

Acquisition of Knowledge and Practical Skills after a Brief Course of BLS-AED in First-Year Students in Nursing and Physiotherapy at a Spanish University.

Out-of-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest is one of the leading causes of death in the Western world. Early assistance with quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and the use of a defibrillator may increase the percentage of survival after this process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CPR training and the management of an Automatic External Defibrillator (AED). A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study was carried out among students in the first year of a Nursing and Physiotherapy degree of the University of León. To achieve this goal, a theoretical-practical educational intervention of four hours' duration which included training on CPR, AED and Basic Life Support (BLS) was carried out. A total of 112 students were included. The results showed an increase in theoretical knowledge on BLS as well as on CPR and AED, and practical skills in CPR and AED management. A theoretical exposition of fifteen minutes and the practical training of CPR wasenough for the students to acquire the necessary theoretical knowledge, although the participants failed to reach quality criteria in CPR. Only 35.6% of students reached the right depth in compressions. Also, ventilation was not performed properly. Based on the results, we cannot determine that the percentage of overall quality of CPR was appropriate, since 57.6% was obtained in this respect and experts establish a value higher than 70% for quality CPR. There was a clear relationship between sex, weight, height and body max index (BMI), and quality CPR performance, being determinant variables to achieve quality parameters. Currently, Basic Life Support training in most universities is based on training methods similar to those used in the action described. The results obtained suggest implementing other training methods that favour the acquisition of quality CPR skills.

Basic Life Support Training Methods for Health Science Students: A Systematic Review.

: The acquisition of competencies in basic life support (BLS) among university students of health sciences requires specific and updated training; therefore, the aim of this review was to identify, evaluate, and synthesise the available scientific knowledge on the effect of training in cardiorespiratory resuscitation in this population. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, CUIDEN, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, CINAHL, and Cochrane, including all randomised clinical trials published in the last ten years that evaluated basic life support training methods among these students. We selected a total of 11 randomissed clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria. Participants were nursing and medicine students who received theoretical and practical training in basic life support. The studies showed a great heterogeneity in training methods and evaluators, as did the feedback devices used in the practical evaluations and in the measurement of quality of cardiorespiratory resuscitation. In spite of the variety of information resulting from the training methods in basic life support, we conclude that mannequins with voice-guided feedback proved to be more effective than the other resources analysed for learning.

Analysis of peripheral central venous access ports at the forearm: An observational study.

The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of central venous catheters with brachial-implanted reservoirs and the complications associated with their use over a 4-years period. This observational study was carried out in an onco-haematological day hospital in Spain. Information was collected about 125 catheters inserted in patients requiring intravenous chemotherapy. There were more catheters implanted in women than men and the mean age was 58.6 years. Seventy of the implanted catheters were made of polyurethane and 55 of silicone. Left laterality prevailed with a mean catheter dwell-time of 347.1 days. A total of 164 complications were registered, 124 of them came from blood draws, where the most frequent complication was "inability to withdraw, ability to infuse". Forty complications were associated with the administration of treatments. Furthermore, there were 21 catheter removals, caused by several other complications different from those mentioned before. Statistically significant differences were found when associating types of catheters, laterality, blood draws and administration of treatments. Results showed how silicone ports would be more appropriate for patients who carry these types or ports than polyurethane because they reduce the number of complications causes by thrombosis.