[Ressarch Advances of Prevantive and Therapeatic Effect of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Graft-Versus-Host Disease--Review].

OBJECTIVE: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a frequently encountered serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), it limits the success and widespread use of allo-HSCT. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are selected as ideal prophylactic and treatment means for GVHD during allo-HSCT due to their unique immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. Herein, the recent research progress about the prevantive and therapeutic effects of MSCs on GVHD and several issues related with the applications of MSC, including whether MSCs increasing risk of primary disease relapse and infection, impact of several clinical parameters on the clinical response to MSCs, and the prevantive and therapeutic effect of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles on GVHD are systematically reviewed.

Single- Versus Double-Unit Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Hematologic Diseases: A Systematic Review.

Controversial results exist regarding the clinical benefits of single- vs double-unit umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in patients with hematologic diseases. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate this issue. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to May 2018. A total of 25 studies including 6571 recipients were identified. Although double-unit UCB contained higher doses of total nucleated cells and CD34+ cells, it offered no advantages over single-unit UCB in terms of hematologic recovery, including the rate and speed of neutrophil and platelet engraftment. Double-unit UCBT was associated with higher incidences of grades II-IV acute and extensive chronic graft-vs-host disease, accompanied by a lower relapse incidence, which may be attributed to a graft-vs-graft effect induced by double-unit UCB. However, transplant-related mortality, disease-free survival, and overall survival were comparable between single- and double-unit UCBT. Although double-unit UCBT confers no clinical advantages over single-unit UCBT, certain patients, such as those at high risk of relapse, might benefit from double-unit UCBT, a possibility that needs to be clarified in future randomized trials.

Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stromal cells for the prophylaxis of chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the prophylaxis of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Six studies involving 365 patients were included. The pooled results showed that MSCs significantly reduced the incidence of cGVHD (risk ratio [RR] 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46 to 0.86, P = 0.004). Favorable prophylactic effects of MSCs on cGVHD were observed with umbilical cord-derived, high-dose, and late-infusion MSCs, while bone marrow-derived, low-dose, and coinfused MSCs did not confer beneficial prophylactic effects. In addition, MSC infusion did not increase the risk of primary disease relapse and infection (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.50, P = 0.913; RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.81, P = 0.752; respectively). Moreover, there was an apparent trend toward increased overall survival (OS) in the MSC group compared with that in the control group (RR 1.13, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.29, P = 0.084). In conclusion, this meta-analysis demonstrated that MSC infusion is an effective and safe prophylactic strategy for cGVHD in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing allo-HSCT.

The diagnostic and prognostic value of interleukin-10 in cerebrospinal fluid for central nervous system lymphoma: a meta-analysis.

Central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) presents diagnostic and prognostic challenges. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of interleukin (IL)-10 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for CNSL comprehensively. PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were searched through September 2016. Four studies with 212 CNSL patients and 262 control patients were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of CSF IL-10 for diagnosing CNSL were 81% (95% CI: 66-91%) and 97% (95% CI: 83-100%), respectively. The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve indicated that the area under the curve was 0.95 (0.93-0.97). The ROC curve based on extracted individual data showed that the optimal cutoff value was 6.88 pg/ml. Moreover, elevated CSF IL-10 was found to be associated with shorter progression-free survival (hazard ratio: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.13-7.41, p = .027). In conclusion, our meta-analysis showed that CSF IL-10 is an effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CNSL.