Substrate elasticity does not impact DNA methylation changes during differentiation of pluripotent stem cells.

BACKGROUND AIMS: Substrate elasticity may direct cell-fate decisions of stem cells. However, it is largely unclear how matrix stiffness affects the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and whether this is also reflected by epigenetic modifications. METHODS: We cultured iPSCs on tissue culture plastic (TCP) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with different Young's modulus (0.2 kPa, 16 kPa or 64 kPa) to investigate the sequel on growth and differentiation toward endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm. RESULTS: Immunofluorescence and gene expression of canonical differentiation markers were hardly affected by the substrates. Notably, when we analyzed DNA methylation profiles of undifferentiated iPSCs or after three-lineage differentiation, we did not see any significant differences on the three different PDMS elasticities. Only when we compared DNA methylation profiles on PDMS-substrates versus TCP we did observe epigenetic differences, particularly on mesodermal differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Stiffness of PDMS substrates did not affect directed differentiation of iPSCs, whereas the moderate epigenetic differences on TCP might also be attributed to other chemical parameters.

The potential use of daphnia meal as substitute for fishmeal in diets of hybrid red tilapia affects growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, antioxidant, immune status and intestinal histological parameters.

The current study aimed to evaluate growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant status, nonspecific immune response and intestinal histological status of red tilapia fed Daphnia meal (DM) as a substitute for fishmeal (FM). Hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis aureus) fry (0.54 ± 0.05 g fish-1) was allocated in nylon haba cages (100 fry m-3) for 2 weeks as an acclimation period. The fish were divided into five groups (three replicates each). The experimental diets were prepared by replacing FM with DM at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively. The results indicated that fish fed increasing levels of DM (50%-75%) experienced high growth performance, feed utilisation and protein content. The activities of digestive enzymes were significantly increased in all groups fed DM diets compared to the control. The antioxidant balance was improved by decreasing the level of malondialdehyde and increased the total antioxidant capacity, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities in the liver of fish fed DM. The nonspecific immune response, including lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase activities and total protein level improved significantly with increasing FM substitution levels by DM in a dose-dependent manner. Histometric analysis of the intestinal wall revealed an increase in the villus length, crypts depth and goblet cells number in groups fed DM meal up to 50% substitution level compared to other treatments. It may be concluded from results of this feeding trial that in the aquaculture of hybrid tilapia, FM may be substituted with up to 50% DM without compromising intestinal health, growth performance and immune status of the fish.

Comparative Study between Modified Millard and White Roll Vermilion Flap Techniques in Unilateral Lip Repair: A Randomised Controlled Study.

BACKGROUND: Cleft lip and palate, which affects 0.5-1.6 out of every 1000 live births, is the most prevalent congenital defect of the head and neck. Several approaches, including quadrangular flaps, triangular flaps and rotation-advancement procedures, White Roll Vermilion Turn Down Flap (WRV flap) from the lateral lip element were employed by Mishra to modify Millard's technique to create the vermilion and white roll on the medial lip segment. This study aimed to use the anthropometric measurements taken pre- and post-operation to evaluate quantitative assessment of modified Millard technique compared with WRV flap technique in unilateral cleft lip (UCL) repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective, randomised controlled study recruited infants scheduled for UCL repair. Infants aged 3-6 months, either complete or incomplete deformity. A total of 42 patients were randomized in 1:1 ratio to undergo either WRV flap technique (group A) or modified Millard technique (group B) and another control included 21 age-matched healthy children. We compared WRV flap procedure to Modified Millard's procedure in terms of both qualitative (another surgeon's opinion) and quantitative (anthropometric) evaluation. RESULTS: Vertical lip length and philtral lip height significantly longer in Millard group (B) than WRV flap group (A) in immediate postoperative assessment and nasal width was significantly wider in WRV flap group (A) than Millard group (B) in 3-month post-operative assessment. The lip shape, the vermilion shape was better in Millard technique than WRV flap technique; however, this was statistically insignificant. However, no major difference in the overall results between the WRV flap and Millard rotation-advancement repairs. CONCLUSION: Anthropometric measurement of surgical outcome evaluates the surgical technique used and helps to compare between cleft and non-cleft side showing the degree of deformity and we used subjective assessment to analyse facial aesthetics. Overall results demonstrate no significant differences between modified Millard technique and WRV flap technique.

Peritonitis on sigmoidal perforation in a cocaine user: A rare case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Cocaine, the second most abused drug in Morocco after cannabis, has been associated with multiple cardiac, pulmonary, neurological, and digestive complications. Colonic perforation following cocaine abuse is relatively lesser-known and requires attention as abuse rates are increasing, and existing evidence is scarce. Only a few cases have been reported in medical literature. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 42-year-old male cocaine addict who presented with acute peritonitis. A laparotomy revealed a 3 cm perforation in the sigmoid, The absence of radiological, biological, and pathological evidence confirms the toxic origin of the perforation. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Cocaine-induced ischemic colitis is a rare occurrence in a surgeon's clinical experience. This condition is typically confirmed through colonoscopy and often resolves without the need for surgery, although a small number of cases may advance to peritonitis, necessitating surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: Cocaine's adverse effects should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of acute ischemic events in young adults. A general understanding of the significant complications associated with cocaine can aid in achieving early diagnosis and prompt treatment.

CTCF deletion alters the pluripotency and DNA methylation profile of human iPSCs.

Pluripotent stem cells are characterized by their differentiation potential toward endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. However, it is still largely unclear how these cell-fate decisions are mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. In this study, we explored the relevance of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), a zinc finger-containing DNA-binding protein, which mediates long-range chromatin organization, for directed cell-fate determination. We generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines with deletions in the protein-coding region in exon 3 of CTCF, resulting in shorter transcripts and overall reduced protein expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed a considerable loss of CTCF binding to target sites. The CTCF deletions resulted in slower growth and modest global changes in gene expression, with downregulation of a subset of pluripotency-associated genes and neuroectodermal genes. CTCF deletion also evoked DNA methylation changes, which were moderately associated with differential gene expression. Notably, CTCF-deletions lead to upregulation of endo-mesodermal associated marker genes and epigenetic signatures, whereas ectodermal differentiation was defective. These results indicate that CTCF plays an important role in the maintenance of pluripotency and differentiation, especially towards ectodermal lineages.

Gastroenteric-anastomosis in the setting of marked stomach dilatation associated with gastric pyloric obstruction secondary to Sarcina ventriculi.

Sarcina ventriculi is an anaerobic gram-positive bacterium capable of surviving in the acidic environment of the stomach and causing gastrointestinal symptoms. We report the case of a 51-year-old patient with no notable medical history who presented with abdominal distension, nausea, and vomiting. Initial endoscopic evaluation revealed a distended stomach in stasis with pyloric stenosis. Biopsies revealed the presence of Helicobacter pylori and S. ventriculi. A therapeutic protocol was administered, but no symptomatic relief was observed. Subsequently, the patient was referred to our institution, where computed tomography imaging of the abdomen was performed. The results corroborated a presentation suggestive of a high obstruction attributable to a right anterior para-duodenal internal hernia. Ultimately, surgery was undertaken, ruling out the diagnosis of right para-duodenal internal hernia and resulting in gastroenteric anastomosis with satisfactory improvement in clinical symptoms.

Gallbladder primary well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor: A misdiagnosed case.

INTRODUCTION: Gallbladder (GB) Well-Differentiated (WD) Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET) are extremely rare tumors. They represent only about 0.5 % of all Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NENs). Most GB-NETs are diagnosed after cholecystectomy. They are often misdiagnosed and have good prognosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We share our experience of a 42-year-old woman operated on for symptomatic cholelithiasis. We discover on the anatomopathological piece that it was a Grade 1 NET of the GB. Staging scans and octreotide-scans were normal: there is no distant or nodal metastasis. This tumor was classified as T1bN0M0. After multidisciplinary team discussion, additional treatment is deemed unnecessary. She didn't receive any treatment after the surgery. At one year after the cholecystectomy, she is symptom free and there is no sign of recurrence. DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of GB-WD NET is difficult at the first evaluation. Surgical management for GB cancer has shown increased survival rates, a similar strategy seems reasonable for GB-NETs. Patients with Grade,1 well-differentiated GB-NETS have an excellent prognosis overall. CONCLUSION: Research is required to facilitate earlier diagnosis and to develop management guidelines for GB-NETs.

Anatase-cellulose acetate for reinforced desalination membrane with antibacterial properties.

This study aimed to prepare antifouling and highly mechanical strengthening membranes for brackish and underground water desalination. It was designed from cellulose acetate (CA) loaded anatase. Anatase was prepared from tetra-iso-propylorthotitanate and carboxymethyl cellulose. Different concentrations of anatase (0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8)% were loaded onto CA during the inversion phase preparation of the membranes. The prepared membranes were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM & EDX), mechanical properties, swelling ratio, porosity determination, and ion release. The analysis confirmed the formation of anatase on the surface and inside the macro-voids of the membrane. Furthermore, anatase loading improved the CA membrane's mechanical properties and decreased its swelling and porosity rate. Also, CA-loaded anatase membranes displayed a significant antibacterial potential against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that the salt rejection of the CA/anatase films as-prepared varies considerably with the addition of nanomaterial, rising from 46%:92% with the prepared membranes under the 10-bar operation condition and 5 g/L NaCl input concentration. It can be concluded that the prepared CA-loaded anatase membranes have high mechanical properties that are safe, economical, available, and can stop membrane biofouling.

Surf Redfish-Based ZnO-NPs and Their Biological Activity with Reference to Their Non-Target Toxicity.

The marine environment is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Therefore, the sea cucumber was isolated from the Red Sea at the Al-Ain Al-Sokhna coast and it was identified as surf redfish (Actinopyga mauritiana). The aqueous extract of the surf redfish was utilized as an ecofriendly, novel and sustainable approach to fabricate zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs were physico-chemically characterized and evaluated for their possible antibacterial and insecticidal activities. Additionally, their safety in the non-target organism model (Nile tilapia fish) was also investigated. ZnO-NPs were spherical with an average size of 24.69 ± 11.61 nm and had a peak at 350 nm as shown by TEM and UV-Vis, respectively. XRD analysis indicated a crystalline phase of ZnO-NPs with an average size of 21.7 nm. The FTIR pattern showed biological residues from the surf redfish extract, highlighting their potential role in the biosynthesis process. DLS indicated a negative zeta potential (-19.2 mV) of the ZnO-NPs which is a good preliminary indicator for their stability. ZnO-NPs showed larvicidal activity against mosquito Culex pipiens (LC50 = 15.412 ppm and LC90 = 52.745 ppm) and a potent adulticidal effect to the housefly Musca domestica (LD50 = 21.132 ppm and LD90 = 84.930 ppm). Tested concentrations of ZnO-NPs showed strong activity against the 3rd larval instar. Topical assays revealed dose-dependent adulticidal activity against M. domestica after 24 h of treatment with ZnO-NPs. ZnO-NPs presented a wide antibacterial activity against two fish-pathogen bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aeromonas hydrophila. Histopathological and hematological investigations of the non-target organism, Nile tilapia fish exposed to 75-600 ppm ZnO-NPs provide dose-dependent impacts. Overall, data highlighted the potential applications of surf redfish-mediated ZnO-NPs as an effective and safe way to control mosquitoes, houseflies and fish pathogenic bacteria.

Rupture of a liver hydatid cyst into the right portal vein leading to right portal vein thrombosis: a case report and literature review.

Hydatid disease (HD) is a worldwide parasitic disease. HD is endemic in many sheep- and cattle-raising areas, with a high prevalence of 5% to 10% in the Mediterranean region. Fistulation of liver hydatid cysts (LHC) in the bile ducts is the most common complication, followed by rupture of cysts in the peritoneal and thoracic cavities. Vascular complications are a rare complication of HD. We describe the case of a 70-year-old woman who was admitted with the chief complaint of pain in the abdominal right upper quadrant for 6 months. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a large LHC in the right liver that had ruptured into the right portal vein branch, with venous thrombosis. Intraoperatively, the right portal vein was opened longitudinally, and the hydatid contents were evacuated. Right hepatectomy was performed to completely excise the LHC. The penetration of a cyst into an adjoining vessel is very rare, and portal vein invasion by HD is extremely rare, with only 10 cases published in the literature, to the best of our knowledge.

Benthic foraminifera as bioindicators for the heavy metals in the severely polluted Hurghada Bay, Red Sea coast, Egypt.

Twenty-nine sediment samples were collected from the Hurghada Bay, a heavily polluted bay on the Red Sea of Egypt, to inspect the environmental quality status and anthropogenic consequences on benthic foraminifera. Some foraminiferal species showed deformations in their apertures and coiling directions as a response to environmental stresses. In addition, the FoRAM index, an index used for evaluating the growth of coral reefs, indicated a hazard in the proximity of nearshore stations. To elucidate the relationships between the biological response and chemistry of sediments, eight heavy metals concentrations (Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, As, Cr, Ni, and Mn) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometers (ICP-AES). Interestingly, two groups of benthic foraminiferal associations were illustrated using multivariate statistical analyses. Group I have extremely high heavy metal concentrations, an enriched total organic matter (TOM)%, high deformation percentages, and mud content. Moreover, it is dominated by Ammonia tepida which is regarded as an opportunistic species. Group II includes low to moderately polluted stations, highly enriched living foraminiferal assemblages, and is dominated by the sensitive rotaliids Neorotalia calcar and Amphistegina lobifera. Alternatively, four geochemical indices, EF, CF, Igeo, and PLI, are used to assess the contamination level that shown ominous spots for the nearshore stations of the Hurghada Bay. The pollution indices (HQ and HI) were also conducted to evaluate the risks of carcinogenic heavy metals on human health. Our findings demonstrated that ingestion and dermal exposure have greater carcinogenic hazards for adults and children than inhalation. The lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) is significantly higher than the permissible limit and follows this order: Pb > As > Cr > Cd > Ni. To that end, developing strategies to lessen the negative impact of pollution on human health and/or the Red Sea's biodiversity is an inevitable issue in the present day and future.

Surgical Outcomes and Complications of Laparoscopic Hysterectomy for Endometriosis: A Multicentric Cohort Study.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the postoperative morbidity of laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) for endometriosis/adenomyosis in terms of operative outcomes and complications. DESIGN: Retrospective multicentric cohort study. SETTING: Eight European minimally invasive referral centers. PATIENTS: Data from 995 patients with pathologically confirmed endometriosis and/or adenomyosis who underwent LH without concomitant urological and/or gastroenterological procedures from January 2010 to December 2020. INTERVENTIONS: Total LH. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Demographic patients' characteristics, surgical outcomes, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were evaluated. We considered major postoperative surgical-related complications, any grade 2 or more events (Clavien-Dindo score) that occurred within 30 days from surgery. Univariate analysis and multivariable models fit with logistic regression were used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for major complications. Median age at surgery was 44 years (28-54), and about half of them (505, 50.7%) were on medical treatment (estro-progestins, progestin, or Gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone-analogues) at the time of surgery. In association with LH, posterior adhesiolysis was performed in 387 (38.9%) cases and deep nodule resection in 302 (30.0%). Intraoperative complications occurred in 3% of the patients, and major postoperative complications were registered in 93 (9.3%). The multivariable analysis showed an inverse correlation between the occurrence of Clavien-Dindo >2 complications and age (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.99), while previous surgery for endometriosis (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.01-2.60) and intraoperative complications (OR 6.49, 95% CI 2.65-16.87) were found as predictors of major events. Medical treatment at the time of surgery has emerged as a protective factor (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.31-0.81). CONCLUSION: LH for endometriosis/adenomyosis is associated with non-negligible morbidity. Knowing the factors associated with higher risks of complications might be used for risk stratification and could help clinicians during preoperative counseling. The administration of estro-progestin or progesterone preoperatively might reduce the risks of postoperative complications following surgery.

YAP1 is essential for self-organized differentiation of pluripotent stem cells.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) form aggregates that recapitulate aspects of the self-organization in early embryogenesis. Within few days, cells undergo a transition from epithelial-like structures to organized three-dimensional embryoid bodies (EBs) with upregulation of germ layer-specific genes. However, it is largely unclear, which signaling cascades regulate self-organized differentiation. The Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a downstream effector of the Hippo pathway and essential mechanotransducer. YAP1 has been suggested to play a crucial role for early embryo development, but the relevance for early germ layer commitment of human iPSCs remains to be elucidated. To gain insights into the function of YAP1 in early cell-fate decisions, we generated YAP1 knockout (YAP-/-) iPSC lines with CRISPR/Cas9 technology and analyzed transcriptomic and epigenetic modifications. YAP-/- iPSCs showed increased expression of several YAP1 targets and of NODAL, an important regulator of cell differentiation. Furthermore, YAP1 deficiency evoked global DNA methylation changes. Directed differentiation of adherent iPSC colonies towards endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm could be induced, albeit endodermal and ectodermal differentiation showed transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in YAP-/- lines. Notably, in undirected self-organized YAP-/- EBs germ layer specification was clearly impaired. This phenotype was rescued via lentiviral overexpression of YAP1 and also by NODAL inhibitors. Our results demonstrate that YAP1 plays an important role during early germ layer specification of iPSCs, particularly for the undirected self-organization of EBs, and this is at least partly attributed to activation of the NODAL signaling.

Endometrial Cancer Arising in Adenomyosis (EC-AIA): A Systematic Review.

Endometrial cancer arising in adenomyosis (EC-AIA) is a rare uterine disease characterized by the malignant transformation of the ectopic endometrium within the adenomyotic foci. Clinicopathological and survival data are mostly limited to case reports and a few cohort studies. We aimed to assess the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of women with EC-AIA through a systematic review of the literature. Six electronic databases were searched, from 2002 to 2022, for all peer-reviewed studies that reported EC-AIA cases. Thirty-seven EC-AIA patients from 27 case reports and four case series were included in our study. In our analysis, EC-AIA appeared as a rare disease that mainly occurs in menopausal women, shares symptoms with endometrial cancer, and is challenging to diagnose preoperatively. Differently from EC, it shows a higher prevalence of the non-endometrioid histotype, advanced FIGO stages, and p53-signature, which might be responsible for its worse prognosis. Future studies are necessary, to confirm our findings and further investigate this rare condition.

Epigenetic biomarkers to track differentiation of pluripotent stem cells.

Quality control of induced pluripotent stem cells remains a challenge. For validation of the pluripotent state, it is crucial to determine trilineage differentiation potential toward endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Here, we report GermLayerTracker, a combination of site-specific DNA methylation (DNAm) assays that serve as biomarker for early germ layer specification. CG dinucleotides (CpGs) were identified with characteristic DNAm at pluripotent state and after differentiation into endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Based on this, a pluripotency score was derived that tracks reprogramming and may indicate differentiation capacity, as well as lineage-specific scores to monitor either directed differentiation or self-organized multilineage differentiation in embryoid bodies. Furthermore, we established pyrosequencing assays for fast and cost-effective analysis. In the future, the GermLayerTracker could be used for quality control of pluripotent cells and to estimate lineage-specific commitment during initial differentiation events.

Quality of life in Tunisian colorectal cancer patients: a cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: Quality of life (QOL) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients has been little studied in Tunisia. The aim of this work was to evaluate the QOL of CRC patients and to identify factors that may influence it. METHODS: A cross-sectional, study spread was made over a period of 6 months on patients with CRC treated in the department of Medical Oncology of Farhat Hached University Hospital of Sousse. The EORTC questionnaires translated and validated in Arabic (QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR29) were used. RESULTS: 142 patients diagnosed with colon or rectal cancer were enrolled. The overall QOL score was 58.5 ± 29.1. The emotional and sexual functional dimensions were the most affected, especially in women and patients under 50 years of age. QOL scores were higher in patients who were in complete remission (71.4 ± 24.7) and in good general condition (63.7 ± 26.6) physical activity may have a significant influence on all functional dimensions of QOL (p < 0.001). Fatigue was significantly (p < 0.001) more present when there was a sedentary lifestyleradiotherapy, palliative chemotherapy (1st and 2nd line) and targeted therapy. CONCLUSION: Evaluating quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer in Tunisia is necessary especially those under 50 years old and in women. Laparoscopic surgery with restoration of intestinal continuity, less toxic palliative chemotherapy protocols, more accessibility to new radiotherapy technics will improve QOL of CRC patients. Physical activity and nutrition support are also essential in promoting QOL of these patients.

A Giant Choledochal Cyst Mimicking Pancreatic Pseudocyst: A Case Report.

A choledochal cyst (CC) is a rare congenital anomaly manifested as cystic dilatation of the biliary tree. A giant choledochal cyst is defined as a cyst with a maximum diameter of ≥ 10 cm. It is an unusual entity and rarely revealed in adulthood. We describe the case of a giant, infected CC presenting as acute pancreatitis with results of abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography consistent with a pancreatic pseudocyst. The diagnosis of CC was made on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) findings. We proceeded with cholecystectomy and the complete resection of the diverticulum after its dissection. The defect in the common bile duct was closed transversally over a T-tube. At the last follow-up two years after his admission, the patient is symptom-free with normal liver enzymes To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported of giant CC complicated with both infection and pancreatitis.

Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the cecum: A rare case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Primary SRCC is a rare histological colorectal cancer subtype. It is characterized by distinct clinical presentation. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report describes a rare case of a Primary Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the cecum. A 37-year-old man came to the emergency department with bowel obstruction and altered general condition. The abdominal CT scan showed an intestinal occlusion upstream a thickening of the cecum. An exploratory laparotomy found a distention of the bowl with a suspect thickening of the cecum. The patient underwent a right ileo-colectomy and ileocolostomy. Histologic analysis of the operatory specimen confirmed the diagnosis of a primary Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the cecum. The recovery was uneventful, and the patient is in good health after six -months of follow-up. After completing the chemotherapy, the patient is scheduled for a colonoscopy and reversal of colostomy. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Colorectal primary signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare entity, and it is associated with poor prognosis compared with common colorectal adenocarcinomas. characterized by distinct clinical presentation, with very poor response rates. CONCLUSION: Primary SRCC is an aggressive histological type of colon cancer and it is associated with a poor prognosis. There are no conclusive guidelines for the treatment of this type of tumor.

Littoral Cell Angioma of Spleen: A rare case report.

Introduction: Spleen's Littoral Cell Angioma is a rare benign vascular tumor. The main clinical presentation is isolated splenomegaly. Case presentation: we present the case of a 37 years old male patient who suffers from chronic pain in the left hypochondrium.The abdominal examination finds a painful splenomegaly related to a biological bicytopenia. The CT Scan shows a 32 cm splenomegaly.An exploratory laparotomy with splenectomy was performed. The histological and immunohistochemical study confirmed The final diagnosis of Littoral Cell Angioma. Clinical discussion: Isolated splenomegaly of unknown etiology is the main clinical sign. Splenectomy is required for a diagnostic purpose and substratum for histological study. Conclusion: Littoral Cell Angioma of the Spleen is a rare benign vascular tumor, however it should be highlighted by clinical and radiological features, the definitive diagnosis is made upon histological study.