Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Adaptation of the Anger Rumination Scale: Evidence of Reliability and Validity in the General Population.

The key role of rumination and perseveration processes in anger experience has been empirically supported. The tendency to ruminate has been demonstrated to be crucial in understanding pathological and adaptive behaviours. The Anger Rumination Scale (ARS) was developed to assess anger rumination frequency when people are angry, showing adequate levels of reliability and validity. However, although it has been adapted to several languages, the development of the Spanish version was still pending. The aim of this study, therefore, was to develop the Spanish adaptation of the ARS and to validate it in a general population sample (N = 388). Participants were asked to complete the ARS as well as other measures of anger (STAXI-2), anxiety (STAI-T), depression (BDI-II short form), rumination (PSWQ), and thought self-regulation (TCQ). A confirmatory factor analysis replicated the four-factor structure obtained with the original version (S-B χ2(145) = 323.26, p < .00005; CFI = .92; TLI = .90; RMSEA = .06; SRMR = .05). The resulting subscales (i.e., Angry Afterthoughts, Angry Memories, Thoughts of Revenge, and Understanding of Causes) met psychometric criteria of reliability (α = .89) and validity. In conclusion, a psychometrically sound Spanish adaptation of the ARS is now available.

Psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the anger rumination scale: evidence of reliability and validity in the general population

The key role of rumination and perseveration processes in anger experience has been empirically supported. The tendency to ruminate has been demonstrated to be crucial in understanding pathological and adaptive behaviours. The Anger Rumination Scale (ARS) was developed to assess anger rumination frequency when people are angry, showing adequate levels of reliability and validity. However, although it has been adapted to several languages, the development of the Spanish version was still pending. The aim of this study, therefore, was to develop the Spanish adaptation of the ARS and to validate it in a general population sample (N = 388). Participants were asked to complete the ARS as well as other measures of anger (STAXI-2), anxiety (STAI-T), depression (BDI-II short form), rumination (PSWQ), and thought self-regulation (TCQ). A confirmatory factor analysis replicated the four-factor structure obtained with the original version (S-B χ2(145) = 323.26, p < .00005; CFI = .92; TLI = .90; RMSEA = .06; SRMR = .05). The resulting subscales (i.e., Angry Afterthoughts, Angry Memories, Thoughts of Revenge, and Understanding of Causes) met psychometric criteria of reliability (α = .89) and validity. In conclusion, a psychometrically sound Spanish adaptation of the ARS is now available (AU)

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Conviviendo con la incertidumbre: intervención psicológica en una mujer con un problema de adaptación en lista de espera para trasplante de pulmón / Living with uncertainty: Psychological intervention in a woman with an adjustment disorder waiting for a lung transplant

El Modelo Español de Trasplante es un referente mundial dada su óptima eficacia y eficiencia. Habitualmente el trasplante de órganos es la única opción para sobrevivir, convirtiendo a este proceso en un suceso vital estresante dividido en fases que deben irse afrontando. La fase de lista de espera suele asociarse a una mayor vulnerabilidad psicológica, debido a que ésta suele ser larga y constituye una amenaza real a la supervivencia, asociándose a una alta incertidumbre. Se presenta el caso de una mujer con un problema de adaptación con sintomatología mixta ansiosa y depresiva, asociado a la espera para un trasplante de pulmón. Tras la aplicación de un programa de tratamiento cognitivo-conductual dirigido al desarrollo de un afrontamiento más adaptativo, al manejo de la preocupación y a aprender a convivir con la incertidumbre, se observaron cambios clínicamente significativos en las variables implicadas, logros que se mantuvieron tras un mes de seguimiento

The Spanish Model of Transplantation has achieved global recognition, because of its efficacy and efficiency levels. Almost always, organ transplant is the person’s only chance of survival. So, organ transplantation could be considered a stage-process related to a stressful life event which individuals must cope with. The waiting list stage probably is associated to a higher psychological vulnerability, as it is usually a long process and a real risk to survival, characterized by high uncertainty. The case of a woman diagnosed with an adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood associated with being on a waiting list for two years is presented. A cognitive-behavioral intervention was applied to develop more adaptive coping-skills, to manage rumination, and to learn to live with uncertainty. Results showed significant clinical outcomes in those mechanisms and also in anxiety and depression levels. These changes were maintained in the follow-up stage, one month later

Perfil emocional y cognitivo de la hipertensión arterial esencial mantenida frente a la normotensión / Emotional and cognitive profile of sustained essential hypertension in comparison with normotension

El objetivo de este estudio ha siso analizar el perfil psicológico de la hipertensión arterial esencial (HTA-E) respecto a los siguientes constructos emocionales: ira rasgo, expresión y control de la ira, ansiedad, depresión y estrés, incluyéndose como novedad el análisis de los pensamientos automáticos y actitudes disfuncionales relacionadas con la ira-hostilidad. Para ello se comparó un grupo de 57 adultos con HTA-E mantenida con un grupo de 37 adultos con normotensión en diferentes medidas psicométricas de dichos constructos emocionales y cognitivos. Los resultados sugieren que las personas con HTA-E, en comparación a las normotensas, muestran niveles significativamente más elevados de ansiedad y de pensamientos de afrontamiento de la ira-hostilidad así como una tendencia casi significativa a una mayor frecuencia de pensamientos hostiles y físicamente agresivos. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos para los modelos psicológicos de la HTA-E y para el diseño o mejora de las intervenciones psicológicas en HTA-E (AU)

This study was aimed at analyzing the psychological profile of essential hypertension (EHT) concerning the following emotional constructs: trait anger, anger expression and control, anxiety, depression, stress, and, as a novelty in comparison with previous scientific literature, automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes related to anger-hostility. To do that, a group of 57 adults with sustained EHT was compared with a group of 37 adults with normotension on a variety of psychometric measures of those emotional and cognitive constructs. Results suggest that people with EHT, in comparison with normotensive, show significantly higher levels of anxiety and anger-hostility coping thoughts as well as an almost significant trend toward a higher frequency of hostile and physically aggressive thoughts. Implications of these findings for psychological models of EHT and for the design and improvement of psychological interventions in EHT are discussed (AU)