Dental tissue-derived stem cell sheet biotechnology for periodontal tissue regeneration: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the use of a cell sheet formed by mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissues (ddMSCs) for periodontal tissue regeneration in animal models in comparison with any other type of regenerative treatment. DESIGN: PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for relevant studies up to December 2020. The review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. RESULTS: Of the 1542 potentially relevant articles initially identified, 33 fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were considered for this review. Even with a wide variety of selected study methods, the periodontal tissue was always regenerated; this indicates the potential for the use of these cell sheets in the future of periodontics. However, this regeneration process is not always complete. CONCLUSION: Despite the implantation, ddMSCs sheets have a great potential to be used in the regeneration of periodontal tissue. More in vivo studies should be conducted using standardized techniques for cell sheet implantation to obtain more robust evidence of the relevance of using this modality of cell therapy for periodontal tissue regeneration.

Superficial skin lesions positive for Fusarium are associated with subsequent development of invasive fusariosis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the frequency of skin colonization by Fusarium spp. in high-risk hematologic patients and its impact on the subsequent development of invasive fusariosis. METHODS: We screened all high-risk hematologic patients from August 2008 to December 2009 with cultures of 6 pre-defined areas in the feet and hands on admission and at discharge. In addition, cultures of any skin lesion present on admission were performed. RESULTS: Among 61 patients screened, alterations in the skin and/or nails were present in 32 patients (52%) on admission, mostly represented by abnormal appearing nails and intertrigo. Four patients (7.2%) presented positive baseline cultures for Fusarium spp., all in existing lesions of onychomycosis, intertrigo or both. Invasive fusariosis was diagnosed in six patients. The presence of a skin lesion at baseline that grew Fusarium spp. was associated with the subsequent development of invasive fusariosis (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that: 1) baseline cultures in patients without alterations in the skin and/or nails seems not justifiable; 2) cultures of pre-existing lesions may help to identify a group of patients at higher risk to develop invasive fusariosis. The use of anti-mould prophylaxis in this setting should be explored in future studies.

Avaliação por imagem da paralisia de pregas vocais / Imaging evaluation of vocal cord paralysis

Paralisia das pregas vocais é causa frequente de rouquidão, podendo ser secundária a várias lesões ao longo do trajeto do X par craniano e seus ramos, particularmente os nervos laríngeos recorrentes. Apesar de grande parte dos casos ser idiopática, os métodos de imagem são muito importantes na pesquisa de fatores etiológicos, tais como lesões neoplásicas da tireoide e esôfago com invasão secundária dos nervos laríngeos recorrentes. Além destas, outras anormalidades como aneurismas do arco aórtico e da artéria subclávia direita podem ser encontradas. É fundamental que o radiologista conheça a anatomia pertinente a esta região e as principais afecções que podem ocorrer, para que o estudo seja corretamente planejado, auxiliando o diagnóstico e o planejamento terapêutico. Além disso, como até 35 por cento dos casos de paralisia da prega vocal são assintomáticos, o conhecimento dos sinais radiológicos que indicam esta condição é indispensável, cabendo ao radiologista alertar o médico assistente sobre os achados do exame. Neste trabalho realizamos uma revisão da anatomia e das principais doenças responsáveis pela paralisia de cordas vocais, demonstrando-as por meio de estudos de tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética de casos típicos. Mostramos, também, as alterações radiológicas próprias da laringe que indicam a presença de paralisia das pregas vocais.

Vocal cord paralysis is a common cause of hoarseness. It may be secondary to many types of lesions along the cranial nerve X pathway and its branches, particularly the laryngeal recurrent nerves. Despite the idiopathic nature of a great number of cases, imaging methods play a very significant role in the investigation of etiologic factors, such as thyroid and esophagus neoplasias with secondary invasion of the laryngeal recurrent nerves. Other conditions such as aortic and right subclavian artery aneurysms also may be found. The knowledge of local anatomy and related diseases is of great importance for the radiologist, so that he can tailor the examination properly to allow an appropriate diagnosis and therapy planning. Additionally, considering that up to 35 percent of patients with vocal cord paralysis are asymptomatic, the recognition of radiological findings indicative of this condition is essential for the radiologist who must warn the referring physician on the imaging findings. In the present study, the authors review the anatomy and main diseases related to vocal cord paralysis, demonstrating them through typical cases evaluated by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, besides describing radiological findings of laryngeal abnormalities indicative of this condition.