Real-time data visualization of welding robot data and preparation for future of digital twin system.

The application of industrial technologies is undergoing significant changes. Finding the level at which to use efficient cyberphysical systems is perhaps one of the most important technical preparatory tasks in implementing digital manufacturing. Welding technology systems are investigated, and a framework for capturing the data sets required for data-driven manufacturing is developed. To make full autonomy in a manufacturing environment meaningful, formerly isolated groups of equipment need to be organized into a production information system. In our research, a test system is created that can implement a digital virtual interface and achieve new levels of efficiency with a future digital twin system. In the discourse of the study, the technological parameters of welding test pieces were investigated, namely the available measurement data sets of current, and voltage data. In the summary section, most of the tasks and research directions are presented, which can be envisaged as a continuation of the present study. Our study will be followed by further research, already testing a complete digital twin system, thus reaching another milestone on the way to autonomous manufacturing.

Effects of Gender and Vitamin D on Vascular Reactivity of the Carotid Artery on a Testosterone-Induced PCOS Model.

The negative cardiovascular effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) have been discussed previously; however, the sex differences between PCOS females and males are not yet known. Our aim was to investigate the effect of PCOS and VDD in the carotid artery of male and female Wistar rats. Females were treated with transdermal testosterone (Androgel) for 8 weeks, which caused PCOS. VDD and vitamin D supplementation were accomplished via diet. The carotid arteries' contraction and relaxation were examined using myography. Receptor density was investigated using immunohistochemistry. In PCOS females, angiotensin receptor density, angiotensin II-induced contraction, androgen receptor optical density, and testosterone-induced relaxation increased. The increased contractile response may increase cardiovascular vulnerability in women with PCOS. As an effect of VDD, estrogen receptor density increased in all our groups, which probably compensated for the reduced relaxation caused by VDD. Testosterone-induced relaxation was decreased as a result of VDD in males and non-PCOS females, whereas this reduction was absent in PCOS females. Male sex is associated with increased contraction ability compared with non-PCOS and PCOS females. VDD and Androgel treatment show significant gender differences in their effects on carotid artery reactivity. Both VDD and PCOS result in a dysfunctional vascular response, which can contribute to cardiovascular diseases.

A radioanatomical study of 3rd segment terminal branches of the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa.

This study describes the clinical anatomical topography and relationship of the terminal branches of the maxillary artery to the bony wall of the maxillary sinus in the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) to estimate the bleeding risk during surgical interventions. Using contrasted computer tomography records, (i) the route of the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa, (ii) the number of the arteries in the critical PPF surgery plane, (iii) the diameter of the largest artery in the area and (iv) its relation to the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus were examined. Furthermore, measurements were extended with (v) the minerality of the bony posterior wall of the maxillary sinus on bone-window images. For statistical analyses Student's t- and Fisher-test were applied. 50 patients (n = 50, 100 cases including both sides) were examined in this study. The maxillary artery reached the pterygomaxillary fissure on the lateral side of the lateral pterygoid muscle in 56% of the cases (n = 32), in 37% (n = 23) on its medial side and in 7% (n = 4) on both sides. The number of arteries at the level of the Vidian canal in the PPF varied between 1 and 4 with a median of 2. The diameter of the biggest branch was 1.2-4.7 mm, the median diameter was 1.90 mm. In 41% (n = 30) of the cases the biggest artery directly contacted the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus, and the mineral density of the posterior wall was decreased in 14.3% (n = 12) of all investigated cases. The present description and statistical analysis of the vasculature of the PPF optimizes operative planning-like clip size or the type and direction of the surgical approach-in this hidden and deep head/neck region.

Vitamin D Deficiency and Gender Alter Vasoconstrictor and Vasodilator Reactivity in Rat Carotid Artery.

The vitamin-D-sensitivity of the cardiovascular system may show gender differences. The prevalence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency (VDD) is high, and it alters cardiovascular function and increases the risk of stroke. Our aim was to investigate the vascular reactivity and histological changes of isolated carotid artery of female and male rats in response to different VD supplies. A total of 48 male and female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: female VD supplemented, female VDD, male VD supplemented, male VDD. The vascular function of isolated carotid artery segments was examined by wire myography. Both vitamin D deficiency and male gender resulted in increased phenylephrine-induced contraction. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation decreased in male rats independently from VD status. Inhibition of prostanoid signaling by indomethacin reduced contraction in females, but increased relaxation ability in male rats. Functional changes were accompanied by VDD and gender-specific histological alterations. Elastic fiber density was significantly decreased by VDD in female rats, but not in males. Smooth muscle actin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels were significantly lowered, but the thromboxane receptor was elevated in VDD males. Decreased nitrative stress was detected in both male groups independently from VD supply. The observed interactions between vitamin D deficiency and sex may play a role in the gender difference of cardiovascular risk.

Anomalous behavior of plasma response functions at strong coupling.

Using data from equilibrium molecular dynamics computer simulations we have built up a catalog of response functions for the Coulomb one-component plasma over a wide range of Γ coupling values, including the strongly coupled Γ>1 liquid regime. We focus on the domain of negative compressibility (Γ>3), where the proper response displays an acausal behavior, implying a modification of the relation between its real and imaginary parts in the Kramers-Kronig relations. We give a description of the details of this acausal feature, in both the frequency and time domains. We show that the viscoelastic pole of the density response function morphs into an imaginary pole in the upper ω half-plane that is responsible for the anomalous behavior of the response in this coupling range. By examining the plasmon dispersion relation through the dielectric response function, rather than via the peaks of the dynamical structure function, we obtain a more reliable representation for the dispersion. We demonstrate that there is an intimate link between the formation of the roton minimum in the dispersion and the negative compressibility of the system. The feasibility of the extension of our analysis to systems with a short-range interaction is explored.

Vitamin D Deficiency Cause Gender Specific Alterations of Renal Arterial Function in a Rodent Model.

Vitamin D deficiency shows positive correlation to cardiovascular risk, which might be influenced by gender specific features. Our goal was to examine the effect of Vitamin D supplementation and Vitamin D deficiency in male and female rats on an important hypertension target organ, the renal artery. Female and male Wistar rats were fed with Vitamin D reduced chow for eight weeks to induce hypovitaminosis. Another group of animals received normal chow with further supplementation to reach optimal serum vitamin levels. Isolated renal arteries of Vitamin D deficient female rats showed increased phenylephrine-induced contraction. In all experimental groups, both indomethacin and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition (NS398) decreased the phenylephrine-induced contraction. Angiotensin II-induced contraction was pronounced in Vitamin D supplemented males. In both Vitamin D deficient groups, acetylcholine-induced relaxation was impaired. In the female Vitamin D supplemented group NS398, in males the indomethacin caused reduced acetylcholine-induced relaxation. Increased elastic fiber density was observed in Vitamin D deficient females. The intensity of eNOS immunostaining was decreased in Vitamin D deficient females. The density of AT1R staining was the highest in the male Vitamin D deficient group. Although Vitamin D deficiency induced renal vascular dysfunction in both sexes, female rats developed more extensive impairment that was accompanied by enzymatic and structural changes.

Vitamin D deficiency and androgen excess result eutrophic remodeling and reduced myogenic adaptation in small cerebral arterioles in female rats.

Vitamin D (vitD) insufficiency affects 1 billion people worldwide. Androgen excess (AE) occurs in 8% of fertile females. There are few data about the combined effect of vitD deficiency and AE on the early biomechanical changes of cerebral arterioles in fertile-aged female. Forty-six adolescent female Wistar rats (21-28 day-old, weighing 90-110 g) were grouped randomly in four groups: vitD supplemented groups with and without transdermal testosterone (T) treatment, as well as vitD deficient groups also with and without transdermal T (n = 11 or 12, in all cases). After 8 weeks of treatment, anterior cerebral arterioles (in vivo diameter of 90-130 µm) were obtained and cylindrical segments were examined by pressure arteriography. Myogenic tone, tangential stress and incremental elastic moduli were computed and statistically analyzed. Elastic density was studied on resorcin-fuchsin-stained histological section. VitD deficiency with T treatment resulted in significantly lower inner radii and higher wall thickness values with reduced tangential stress and increased elastic fiber density. VitD deficiency reduced myogenic tone at higher intraluminar pressures (>110 mmHg). Our conclusion is that plasma vitD level is an important factor in the control of myogenic tone in cerebral resistance arteries. AE and vitD deficiency acting parallel induce remodeling of their wall.

[Cerebral manifestations of thromboangiitis obliterans. Case report]. / Thromboangitis obliterans agyi manifesztációja.

Thromboangiits obliterans (Buerger's disease) is a non-atherosclerotic, segmental inflammatory and obliterative disease affecting small and medium sized arteries and veins. The etiology is still unknown, but it is in close relationship with tobacco use. Symptoms begin under the age of 45 years and the undulating course is typical. Patients usually present with acute and chronic ischemic or infectious acral lesions. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical and angiographic criteria and it is important to exclude autoimmune disease, thrombophilia, diabetes, and proximal embolic sources. Even though Buerger's disease most commonly involves the arteries of the extremities, the pathologic findings sometimes affect the cerebral, coronary and internal thoracic, renal and mesenteric arteries as well. The authors present the history of a patient with known Buerger's disease and acute ischemic stroke. Brain imaging detected acute and chronic ischemic lesions caused by middle cerebral non-atherosclerotic arteriopathy on the symptomatic side. Other etiology was excluded by detailed investigations. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(30), 1207-1211.

[Role of cone-beam computed tomography in diagnostic otorhinolaryngological imaging]. / A cone-beam komputertomográfia alkalmazása a fül-orr-gégészeti képalkotásban.

Accurate diagnosis and preoperative planning in modern otorhinolaryngology is strongly supported by imaging with enhanced visualization. Computed tomography is often used to examine structures within bone frameworks. Given the hazards of ionizing radiation, repetitive imaging studies exponentially increase the risk of damages to radiosensitive tissues. The authors compare multislice and cone-beam computed tomography and determine the role, advantages and disadvantages of cone-beam computed tomography in otorhinolaryngological imaging. They summarize the knowledge from the international literature and their individual imaging studies. They conclude that cone-beam computed tomography enables high-resolution imaging and reconstruction in any optional plane and in space with considerably lower effective radiation dose. Cone-beam computed tomography with appropriate indications proved to be an excellent diagnostic tool in otorhinolaryngological imaging. It makes an alternative to multislice computed tomography and it is an effective tool in perioperative and postoperative follow-up, especially in those cases which necessitate repetitive imaging with computed tomography.

Linear and quadratic static response functions and structure functions in Yukawa liquids.

We compute linear and quadratic static density response functions of three-dimensional Yukawa liquids by applying an external perturbation potential in molecular dynamics simulations. The response functions are also obtained from the equilibrium fluctuations (static structure factors) in the system via the fluctuation-dissipation theorems. The good agreement of the quadratic response functions, obtained in the two different ways, confirms the quadratic fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We also find that the three-point structure function may be factorizable into two-point structure functions, leading to a cluster representation of the equilibrium triplet correlation function.

[Functional outcome of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair]. / Artroszkópos rotátorköpeny-rekonstrukció prospektív vizsgálata.

INTRODUCTION: Functional outcome after rotator cuff reconstruction is influenced by several factors of which re-rupture is probably the most important. AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the postoperative outcome including re-rupture rate after arthroscopic rotator cuff reconstruction. METHOD: 23 shoulders of 22 patients were examined prospectively. Physical examination, ultrasound and radiography were performed. Quality of life and functional outcome were evaluated using Constant Score and Visual Analog Scale. RESULTS: Excellent or good results were found in 80% of the patients. The Constant Score has increased from 45 to 79, and the level of pain decreased from 6.6 to 2.5. Full-thickness rotator cuff tear was absent, but partial tear occurred in 7 cases (30%). Average acromiohumeral distance in the operated side was 8.5 mm compared to 9.5 mm measured on the contralateral shoulder. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is a safe and reliable procedure that provides good results.

Photoelectric Franck-Hertz experiment and its kinetic analysis by Monte Carlo simulation.

The electrical characteristics of a photoelectric Franck-Hertz cell are measured in argon gas over a wide range of pressure, covering conditions where elastic collisions play an important role, as well as conditions where ionization becomes significant. Photoelectron pulses are induced by the fourth harmonic UV light of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. The electron kinetics, which is far more complex compared to the naive picture of the Franck-Hertz experiment, is analyzed via Monte Carlo simulation. The computations provide the electrical characteristics of the cell, the energy and velocity distribution functions, and the transport parameters of the electrons, as well as the rate coefficients of different elementary processes. A good agreement is obtained between the cell's measured and calculated electrical characteristics, the peculiarities of which are understood by the simulation studies.

[Midterm outcome after rotator cuff reconstruction]. / Rotátorköpeny-rekonstrukció utáni középtávú eredmények.

UNLABELLED: Rotator cuff tear is a common degenerative shoulder disorder that often requires surgical treatment. However, the correlation between the size of the tear and the functional results is somewhat controversial, which generates inconsistency among orthopaedic surgeons about the indications for and methods of rotator cuff reconstruction. AIMS: The aim of the authors was to evaluate the midterm functional outcome after rotator cuff reconstruction and the possible connection between the results and the surgical technique or the postoperative ultrasound examination. In addition, recently published corresponding studies are also reviewed by the authors. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with full thickness rotator cuff tear were enrolled into the study who were treated either by arthroscopic (14 patients) or by open repair (13 patients) technique. Functional results were assessed using clinical tests. Ultrasound examination was also performed. RESULTS: The average postoperative Constant Score was 73, the average DASH (Disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score) was 14. The Constant scores averaged 80 for the arthroscopic and 70 for the open group. Ultrasound examination showed partial or full thickness retear of the cuff in 40% of the cases. CONCLUSION: More than 70% of the patients had excellent or good results two years after the reconstruction. The change in the acromiohumeral distance or partial retear failed to affect the results significantly, but full thickness tear had an effect on them.